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Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Gamlkan Has 16VII

Katrina Attwood (ed.) 2007, ‘Gamli kanóki, Harmsól 16’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 87-8.

Gamli kanókiHarmsól
151617

Hefr ‘It is’

(not checked:)
hafa (verb): have

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at ‘that’

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3. at (prep.): at, to

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hvern ‘every’

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2. hverr (pron.): who, whom, each, every

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of ‘’

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4. of (particle): (before verb)

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rifjak ‘I can enumerate’

(not checked:)
1. rifja (verb): [I can enumerate]

[1] rifjak: ‘rifiat’ B

notes

[1] rifjak ‘I ennumerate’: It is not possible to make sense of B’s reading ‘rifiat’. Sveinbjörn Egilsson (1844, 18 n. 22) suggested emendation to rifjak, 1st pers. sg. pres. of rifja ‘to rake hay into rows’ with the figurative meaning ‘to go over with oneself, reckon up, enumerate’ (see CVC: rifja). This emendation has been adopted by all subsequent eds.

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harri ‘Lord’

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1. harri (noun m.; °-a): lord

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minn ‘my’

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minn (pron.; °f. mín, n. mitt): my

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til ‘’

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til (prep.): to

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fjarri ‘far’

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fjarri (adv.): far, far from it, unlikely

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grandi ‘from sin’

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grand (noun n.): injury

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firðr ‘removed’

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2. firra (verb): keep (from), remove

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þanns ‘that’

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1. sá (pron.; °gen. þess, dat. þeim, acc. þann; f. sú, gen. þeirrar, acc. þá; n. þat, dat. því; pl. m. þeir, f. þǽ---): that (one), those

[3] þanns: þann B

notes

[3] þanns ‘the one that’: It is necessary to add the suffixed rel. particle for syntactic reasons.

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gerðak ‘I have committed’

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1. gera (verb): do, make

[3] gerðak (‘gǫrdag’): so 399a‑bˣ, BFJ, ‘go᷎r[...]’ B

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geig ‘injury’

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geigr (noun m.): fright, injury

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es ‘when’

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2. er (conj.): who, which, when

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sék ‘see’

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2. sjá (verb): see

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eigi ‘not’

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3. eigi (adv.): not

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elsku ‘for love’

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1. elska (noun f.; °-u): love

notes

[5] elsku kuðr, alls yðvarr: Compare the phonetically-similar l. eljunkuðr um aðrar Leið 36/6; Likn 5/7 elsku kuðr af yðru appears to be a direct borrowing from Has.

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kuðr ‘renowned’

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kunnr (adj.): known (?)

notes

[5] elsku kuðr, alls yðvarr: Compare the phonetically-similar l. eljunkuðr um aðrar Leið 36/6; Likn 5/7 elsku kuðr af yðru appears to be a direct borrowing from Has.

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alls ‘since’

(not checked:)
allr (adj.): all

notes

[5] elsku kuðr, alls yðvarr: Compare the phonetically-similar l. eljunkuðr um aðrar Leið 36/6; Likn 5/7 elsku kuðr af yðru appears to be a direct borrowing from Has.

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yðvarr ‘your’

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yðvarr (pron.; °f. yður; pl. yðrir): your

notes

[5] elsku kuðr, alls yðvarr: Compare the phonetically-similar l. eljunkuðr um aðrar Leið 36/6; Likn 5/7 elsku kuðr af yðru appears to be a direct borrowing from Has.

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ǫðlingr ‘prince’

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ǫðlingr (noun m.; °; -ar): prince, ruler

kennings

ǫðlingr rǫðla,
‘prince of heavenly bodies, ’
   = God

prince of heavenly bodies, → God

notes

[6] ǫðlingr rǫðla ‘prince of heavenly bodies [= God]’: The identical kenning appears in Leið 32/2. What one would expect to be a popular rhyming pair, in Christian poetry at least, occurs elsewhere only in a fragment of a poem about Sveinn tjúguskegg attributed to Þorleifr jarlsskáld Rauðfeldarson (Þjsk Sveindr 1/2I) and Mgr 3/2 .

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hefik ‘have’

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hafa (verb): have

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rǫðla ‘of heavenly bodies’

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rǫðull (noun m.; °dat. rǫðli): heavenly body

kennings

ǫðlingr rǫðla,
‘prince of heavenly bodies, ’
   = God

prince of heavenly bodies, → God

notes

[6] ǫðlingr rǫðla ‘prince of heavenly bodies [= God]’: The identical kenning appears in Leið 32/2. What one would expect to be a popular rhyming pair, in Christian poetry at least, occurs elsewhere only in a fragment of a poem about Sveinn tjúguskegg attributed to Þorleifr jarlsskáld Rauðfeldarson (Þjsk Sveindr 1/2I) and Mgr 3/2 .

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aumligr ‘wretched’

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aumligr (adj.; °compar. -ri/-ari(ÓHLeg 83²Š), superl. -astr/-st-): wretched

[7] aumligr: so 399a‑bˣ, ‘aumle[...]’ B

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í ‘in’

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í (prep.): in, into

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ǫllum ‘all’

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allr (adj.): all

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afgerðum ‘misdeeds’

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afgerð (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): crime, sin

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vafðan ‘wrapped’

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2. vefja (verb): wrap

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