Eyv Lv 6I
Russell Poole (ed.) 2012, ‘Eyvindr skáldaspillir Finnsson, Lausavísur 6’ in Diana Whaley (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 1. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 223.
Fyrr ‘Earlier’
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fyrr (adv.): before, sooner
rauð ‘reddened’
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rjóða (verb): to redden
Fenris ‘of Fenrir’
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Fenrir (noun m.): Fenrir
kennings
sparra varra Fenris‘the prop of the lips of Fenrir ’
= SWORD
the prop of the lips of Fenrir → SWORD
notes
[1, 2] sparra varra Fenris ‘the prop of the lips of Fenrir <wolf> [SWORD]’: The reference is to the story of the gods binding the wolf Fenrir and setting a sword with the hilt on his lower jaw and the point on his upper jaw to prevent him from biting. Snorri (Gylf, SnE 2005, 29) adds Þat er gómsparri hans ‘That is his gum-prop’, and gómsparri occurs as a sword-kenning in ESk Geisl 48/8VII.
varra ‘of the lips’
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2. vǫrr (noun f.): lip
kennings
sparra varra Fenris‘the prop of the lips of Fenrir ’
= SWORD
the prop of the lips of Fenrir → SWORD
notes
[1, 2] sparra varra Fenris ‘the prop of the lips of Fenrir <wolf> [SWORD]’: The reference is to the story of the gods binding the wolf Fenrir and setting a sword with the hilt on his lower jaw and the point on his upper jaw to prevent him from biting. Snorri (Gylf, SnE 2005, 29) adds Þat er gómsparri hans ‘That is his gum-prop’, and gómsparri occurs as a sword-kenning in ESk Geisl 48/8VII.
fjǫl ‘’
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fjǫl- ((prefix)): very- < fjǫlvarr (adj.)
flug ‘the flight’
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2. flug (noun n.): flight, ?precipice < flugvarr (adj.)
[2] flug‑: fjǫl Bb
varr ‘reluctant’
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2. varr (adj.): wary < flugvarr (adj.)2. varr (adj.): wary < fjǫlvarr (adj.)
konungr ‘king’
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konungr (noun m.; °dat. -i, -s; -ar): king
sparra ‘the prop’
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sparri (noun m.; °; -ar): °pind/stok (til at holde ngt fra hinanden), mundspærre
kennings
sparra varra Fenris‘the prop of the lips of Fenrir ’
= SWORD
the prop of the lips of Fenrir → SWORD
notes
[1, 2] sparra varra Fenris ‘the prop of the lips of Fenrir <wolf> [SWORD]’: The reference is to the story of the gods binding the wolf Fenrir and setting a sword with the hilt on his lower jaw and the point on his upper jaw to prevent him from biting. Snorri (Gylf, SnE 2005, 29) adds Þat er gómsparri hans ‘That is his gum-prop’, and gómsparri occurs as a sword-kenning in ESk Geisl 48/8VII.
malm ‘of the metal’
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malmr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): metal < malmhríð (noun f.): weapon-storm
kennings
meiðum malmhríðar,‘in the trees of the metal-storm, ’
= WARRIORS
the metal-storm, → BATTLE
in the trees of the BATTLE → WARRIORS
malm ‘of the metal’
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malmr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): metal < malmhríð (noun f.): weapon-storm
kennings
meiðum malmhríðar,‘in the trees of the metal-storm, ’
= WARRIORS
the metal-storm, → BATTLE
in the trees of the BATTLE → WARRIORS
hríða ‘’
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hríð (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): time, storm
hríðar ‘storm’
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hríð (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): time, storm < malmhríð (noun f.): weapon-storm
[3] ‑hríðar: hríða FskAˣ
kennings
meiðum malmhríðar,‘in the trees of the metal-storm, ’
= WARRIORS
the metal-storm, → BATTLE
in the trees of the BATTLE → WARRIORS
hríðar ‘storm’
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hríð (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): time, storm < malmhríð (noun f.): weapon-storm
[3] ‑hríðar: hríða FskAˣ
kennings
meiðum malmhríðar,‘in the trees of the metal-storm, ’
= WARRIORS
the metal-storm, → BATTLE
in the trees of the BATTLE → WARRIORS
sval ‘’
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svalr (adj.): cool
meiðum ‘in the trees’
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meiðr (noun m.): beam, tree
kennings
meiðum malmhríðar,‘in the trees of the metal-storm, ’
= WARRIORS
the metal-storm, → BATTLE
in the trees of the BATTLE → WARRIORS
móð ‘’
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1. móðr (noun m.; °dat. -i/-): courage
í ‘in’
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í (prep.): in, into
notes
[4] í blóði Gamla ‘in Gamli’s blood’: Gamli Eiríksson, Haraldr gráfeldr’s brother, and predecessor as leader of the Gunnhildarsynir (Eiríkssynir), had been killed some time earlier in the battle of Rastarkálfr, an otherwise unknown locality on the island of Fræði (Frei, Møre og Romsdal), c. 955. For Gamli and the battle, see Gsind Hákdr 8, ÞSjár Þórdr 2 and Glúmr Lv.
Gamla ‘Gamli’s’
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gamall (adj.; °gamlan; compar. & superl. ellri adj.): old
notes
[4] í blóði Gamla ‘in Gamli’s blood’: Gamli Eiríksson, Haraldr gráfeldr’s brother, and predecessor as leader of the Gunnhildarsynir (Eiríkssynir), had been killed some time earlier in the battle of Rastarkálfr, an otherwise unknown locality on the island of Fræði (Frei, Møre og Romsdal), c. 955. For Gamli and the battle, see Gsind Hákdr 8, ÞSjár Þórdr 2 and Glúmr Lv.
blóði ‘blood’
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blóð (noun n.; °-s): blood
notes
[4] í blóði Gamla ‘in Gamli’s blood’: Gamli Eiríksson, Haraldr gráfeldr’s brother, and predecessor as leader of the Gunnhildarsynir (Eiríkssynir), had been killed some time earlier in the battle of Rastarkálfr, an otherwise unknown locality on the island of Fræði (Frei, Møre og Romsdal), c. 955. For Gamli and the battle, see Gsind Hákdr 8, ÞSjár Þórdr 2 and Glúmr Lv.
þás ‘when’
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þás (conj.): when
óstirfins ‘’
óstirfinn ‘agreeable’
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óstirfinn (adj./verb p.p.): [agreeable]
[5] óstirfinn: óstirfins FskAˣ
notes
[5] óstirfinn ‘agreeable’: This is the only citation for the adj. in LP: óstirfinn and its meaning is unclear, except that it is the antonym of stirfinn ‘stiff-minded, stubborn, obstinate’ (see Fritzner, AEW: stirfinn). Konráð Gíslason (1892, 69, followed by Hkr 1893-1901, IV; Skj B; ÍF 26) suggests ‘cheerful and friendly [towards his men]’, which would fit with the wider context; Konráð notes a number of partial parallels to this motif. Bjarni Einarsson (ÍF 29) tentatively suggests an extended sense ‘brave, keen’.
arna ‘’
eir ‘’
Eirík ‘’
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Eiríkr (noun m.): Eiríkr
ok ‘’
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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
of ‘he’
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4. of (particle): (before verb)
[6] of rak: om. J1ˣ, om. with ok rak in margin J2ˣ; of: so F(17va), F(18vb), 61, FskAˣ, ok Kˣ, Bb, FskBˣ
notes
[6] of rak ‘he drove’: Of is the expletive particle.
rak ‘drove’
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2. reka (verb): drive, force
[6] of rak: om. J1ˣ, om. with ok rak in margin J2ˣ
notes
[6] of rak ‘he drove’: Of is the expletive particle.
geira ‘of spears’
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geirr (noun m.): spear
kennings
gæti-Gauta geira.‘the guarding Gautar of spears.’
= WARRIORS
the guarding Gautar of spears. → WARRIORS
tregar ‘’
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tregi (noun m.; °-a; -ar): sorrow
geitar ‘’
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geit (noun f.): nanny-goat
gæti ‘the guarding’
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2. gæta (verb): look after, care for < gætigautr (noun m.)
[7] gæti‑: geitar Bb
kennings
gæti-Gauta geira.‘the guarding Gautar of spears.’
= WARRIORS
the guarding Gautar of spears. → WARRIORS
Gauta ‘Gautar’
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2. Gautr (noun m.): Gautr, Óðinn < gætigautr (noun m.)
kennings
gæti-Gauta geira.‘the guarding Gautar of spears.’
= WARRIORS
the guarding Gautar of spears. → WARRIORS
notes
[7] Gauta ‘Gautar <= Óðinns>’: The base-word of a kenning for ‘warriors’, probably the pl. of the Óðinn-name Gautr (and so previous eds). Names of gods are frequent in this role, and pl. forms occur, especially frequently in the case of Njǫrðr (Meissner 259). Gautar is also the name of the people of Gautland (Götaland), but this is unlikely here.
gram ‘’
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1. gramr (noun m.): ruler
vall ‘’
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vǫllr (noun m.; °vallar, dat. velli; vellir acc. vǫllu/velli): plain, field
á ‘to’
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3. á (prep.): on, at
sæ ‘sea’
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sjór (noun m.): sea
alla ‘all’
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allr (adj.): all
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
|
Fyrr rauð Fenris varra |
Earlier the flight-reluctant king [Hákon] reddened the prop of the lips of Fenrir <wolf> [SWORD] in Gamli’s blood; courage swelled in the trees of the metal-storm [BATTLE > WARRIORS], when, agreeable, he drove all Eiríkr’s heirs to sea; now the fall of the king distresses the guarding Gautar <= Óðinn’s> of spears [WARRIORS].
In Fsk (similarly ÓT) it is explained that after Hákon góði’s death his entourage and that of Haraldr gráfeldr engage in wrangling about the comparative merits of Haraldr and his predecessor, which culminates in an exchange of verses between the two skalds Glúmr Geirason and Eyvindr skáldaspillir. Hkr cites Lv 6 twice, both times as Eyvindr’s riposte to a bragging stanza about Hákon’s death composed by Glúmr; except in F the second citation is of the first line only.
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