Eyv Hál 1I
Russell Poole (ed.) 2012, ‘Eyvindr skáldaspillir Finnsson, Háleygjatal 1’ in Diana Whaley (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 1. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 197.
vilka ‘’
vilna ‘’
(not checked:)
vilna (verb)
vildak ‘’
(not checked:)
vilja (verb): want, intend
Viljak ‘I would wish’
(not checked:)
vilja (verb): want, intend
[1] Viljak (‘vilia ec’): vildak Tˣ(22r), vilka ek W, vilna ek U(27r/11)
hljóðs ‘’
(not checked:)
hljóð (noun n.; °-s; -): sound, silence, a hearing
hlið ‘’
(not checked:)
1. hlið (noun f.; °dat. -/-u; -ar): side
hljóð ‘for a hearing’
(not checked:)
hljóð (noun n.; °-s; -): sound, silence, a hearing
[1] hljóð: so W, U(27r/11), B(4r), hlið R(21v/8), hljóðs Tˣ(22r)
at ‘for’
(not checked:)
3. at (prep.): at, to
Hôars ‘of Hôarr’
(not checked:)
Háarr (noun m.): [Hárr, Hôarr]
kennings
líði Hôars,‘the drink of Hôarr, ’
= POETRY
the drink of Hôarr, → POETRY
líði ‘the drink’
(not checked:)
líð (noun n.): drink
kennings
líði Hôars,‘the drink of Hôarr, ’
= POETRY
the drink of Hôarr, → POETRY
meðan ‘while’
(not checked:)
meðan (conj.): while
gillingr ‘’
(not checked:)
Gillingr (noun m.): [for Gillingr]
Gillings ‘for Gillingr’
(not checked:)
Gillingr (noun m.): [for Gillingr]
[3] Gillings: gillingr U(27r/11)
kennings
gjǫldum Gillings,‘the payment for Gillingr, ’
= POETRY
the payment for Gillingr, → POETRY
notes
[All]: The poetry-kennings in the stanza allude programmatically to different phases in the story of Óðinn’s appropriation of the poetic mead (see Skm, SnE 1998, I, 3-5). — [3-4] gjǫldum Gillings ‘the payment for Gillingr <giant> [POETRY]’: The gen. in this phrase is objective. In the myth of the poetic mead as told in Skm (SnE 1998, I, 3), Gillingr is left to drown by the dwarfs Fjalarr and Galarr; when his son Suttungr insists upon reparation they give him the poetic mead.
Gillings ‘for Gillingr’
(not checked:)
Gillingr (noun m.): [for Gillingr]
[3] Gillings: gillingr U(27r/11)
kennings
gjǫldum Gillings,‘the payment for Gillingr, ’
= POETRY
the payment for Gillingr, → POETRY
notes
[All]: The poetry-kennings in the stanza allude programmatically to different phases in the story of Óðinn’s appropriation of the poetic mead (see Skm, SnE 1998, I, 3-5). — [3-4] gjǫldum Gillings ‘the payment for Gillingr <giant> [POETRY]’: The gen. in this phrase is objective. In the myth of the poetic mead as told in Skm (SnE 1998, I, 3), Gillingr is left to drown by the dwarfs Fjalarr and Galarr; when his son Suttungr insists upon reparation they give him the poetic mead.
gjǫldum ‘the payment’
(not checked:)
gjald (noun n.): payment, reward, return
kennings
gjǫldum Gillings,‘the payment for Gillingr, ’
= POETRY
the payment for Gillingr, → POETRY
notes
[All]: The poetry-kennings in the stanza allude programmatically to different phases in the story of Óðinn’s appropriation of the poetic mead (see Skm, SnE 1998, I, 3-5). — [3-4] gjǫldum Gillings ‘the payment for Gillingr <giant> [POETRY]’: The gen. in this phrase is objective. In the myth of the poetic mead as told in Skm (SnE 1998, I, 3), Gillingr is left to drown by the dwarfs Fjalarr and Galarr; when his son Suttungr insists upon reparation they give him the poetic mead.
gjǫldum ‘the payment’
(not checked:)
gjald (noun n.): payment, reward, return
kennings
gjǫldum Gillings,‘the payment for Gillingr, ’
= POETRY
the payment for Gillingr, → POETRY
notes
[All]: The poetry-kennings in the stanza allude programmatically to different phases in the story of Óðinn’s appropriation of the poetic mead (see Skm, SnE 1998, I, 3-5). — [3-4] gjǫldum Gillings ‘the payment for Gillingr <giant> [POETRY]’: The gen. in this phrase is objective. In the myth of the poetic mead as told in Skm (SnE 1998, I, 3), Gillingr is left to drown by the dwarfs Fjalarr and Galarr; when his son Suttungr insists upon reparation they give him the poetic mead.
yppir ‘’
þvíat ‘’
(not checked:)
þvíat (conj.): because
notes
[5, 8] meðan teljum ætt hans til goða ‘while we [I] reckon his lineage back to the gods’: The referent of hans ‘his’ is not clarified in the stanza, but the name of Eyvindr’s patron, Hákon jarl Sigurðarson, was probably specified in a (lost) introductory stanza.
hans ‘his’
(not checked:)
hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
notes
[5, 8] meðan teljum ætt hans til goða ‘while we [I] reckon his lineage back to the gods’: The referent of hans ‘his’ is not clarified in the stanza, but the name of Eyvindr’s patron, Hákon jarl Sigurðarson, was probably specified in a (lost) introductory stanza.
ætt ‘lineage’
(not checked:)
1. ætt (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): family
notes
[5, 8] meðan teljum ætt hans til goða ‘while we [I] reckon his lineage back to the gods’: The referent of hans ‘his’ is not clarified in the stanza, but the name of Eyvindr’s patron, Hákon jarl Sigurðarson, was probably specified in a (lost) introductory stanza.
ór ‘’
(not checked:)
3. ór (prep.): out of
hver ‘the cauldron’
(not checked:)
1. hverr (noun m.; °dat. -; -ar): kettle, hot spring < hverlǫgr (noun m.): [cauldron-liquid]
kennings
hverlegi‘the cauldron-liquid ’
= DRINK
the cauldron-liquid → DRINKhverlegi farms galga,
‘the cauldron-liquid of the burden of the gallows, ’
= POETRY
the burden of the gallows, → Óðinn
the cauldron-liquid of ÓÐINN → POETRY
notes
[All]: The poetry-kennings in the stanza allude programmatically to different phases in the story of Óðinn’s appropriation of the poetic mead (see Skm, SnE 1998, I, 3-5). — [6] hverlegi ‘the cauldron-liquid [DRINK]’: The kenning, unusually, functions as the base-word of a further kenning, for ‘poetry’. The reference to a cauldron is particularly apt since according to Skm (SnE 1998, I, 4-5) Óðinn steals the mead of poetry from Suttungr by drinking it from three great vats. He then escapes by flying off in the shape of an eagle, spitting out the mead on arrival in Ásgarðr, the home of the gods; ll. 9-12 allude to this.
hver ‘the cauldron’
(not checked:)
1. hverr (noun m.; °dat. -; -ar): kettle, hot spring < hverlǫgr (noun m.): [cauldron-liquid]
kennings
hverlegi‘the cauldron-liquid ’
= DRINK
the cauldron-liquid → DRINKhverlegi farms galga,
‘the cauldron-liquid of the burden of the gallows, ’
= POETRY
the burden of the gallows, → Óðinn
the cauldron-liquid of ÓÐINN → POETRY
notes
[All]: The poetry-kennings in the stanza allude programmatically to different phases in the story of Óðinn’s appropriation of the poetic mead (see Skm, SnE 1998, I, 3-5). — [6] hverlegi ‘the cauldron-liquid [DRINK]’: The kenning, unusually, functions as the base-word of a further kenning, for ‘poetry’. The reference to a cauldron is particularly apt since according to Skm (SnE 1998, I, 4-5) Óðinn steals the mead of poetry from Suttungr by drinking it from three great vats. He then escapes by flying off in the shape of an eagle, spitting out the mead on arrival in Ásgarðr, the home of the gods; ll. 9-12 allude to this.
hver ‘the cauldron’
(not checked:)
1. hverr (noun m.; °dat. -; -ar): kettle, hot spring < hverlǫgr (noun m.): [cauldron-liquid]
kennings
hverlegi‘the cauldron-liquid ’
= DRINK
the cauldron-liquid → DRINKhverlegi farms galga,
‘the cauldron-liquid of the burden of the gallows, ’
= POETRY
the burden of the gallows, → Óðinn
the cauldron-liquid of ÓÐINN → POETRY
notes
[All]: The poetry-kennings in the stanza allude programmatically to different phases in the story of Óðinn’s appropriation of the poetic mead (see Skm, SnE 1998, I, 3-5). — [6] hverlegi ‘the cauldron-liquid [DRINK]’: The kenning, unusually, functions as the base-word of a further kenning, for ‘poetry’. The reference to a cauldron is particularly apt since according to Skm (SnE 1998, I, 4-5) Óðinn steals the mead of poetry from Suttungr by drinking it from three great vats. He then escapes by flying off in the shape of an eagle, spitting out the mead on arrival in Ásgarðr, the home of the gods; ll. 9-12 allude to this.
hver ‘the cauldron’
(not checked:)
1. hverr (noun m.; °dat. -; -ar): kettle, hot spring < hverlǫgr (noun m.): [cauldron-liquid]
kennings
hverlegi‘the cauldron-liquid ’
= DRINK
the cauldron-liquid → DRINKhverlegi farms galga,
‘the cauldron-liquid of the burden of the gallows, ’
= POETRY
the burden of the gallows, → Óðinn
the cauldron-liquid of ÓÐINN → POETRY
notes
[All]: The poetry-kennings in the stanza allude programmatically to different phases in the story of Óðinn’s appropriation of the poetic mead (see Skm, SnE 1998, I, 3-5). — [6] hverlegi ‘the cauldron-liquid [DRINK]’: The kenning, unusually, functions as the base-word of a further kenning, for ‘poetry’. The reference to a cauldron is particularly apt since according to Skm (SnE 1998, I, 4-5) Óðinn steals the mead of poetry from Suttungr by drinking it from three great vats. He then escapes by flying off in the shape of an eagle, spitting out the mead on arrival in Ásgarðr, the home of the gods; ll. 9-12 allude to this.
legi ‘liquid’
(not checked:)
lǫgr (noun m.; °lagar, dat. legi): sea < hverlǫgr (noun m.): [cauldron-liquid]
kennings
hverlegi‘the cauldron-liquid ’
= DRINK
the cauldron-liquid → DRINKhverlegi farms galga,
‘the cauldron-liquid of the burden of the gallows, ’
= POETRY
the burden of the gallows, → Óðinn
the cauldron-liquid of ÓÐINN → POETRY
notes
[All]: The poetry-kennings in the stanza allude programmatically to different phases in the story of Óðinn’s appropriation of the poetic mead (see Skm, SnE 1998, I, 3-5). — [6] hverlegi ‘the cauldron-liquid [DRINK]’: The kenning, unusually, functions as the base-word of a further kenning, for ‘poetry’. The reference to a cauldron is particularly apt since according to Skm (SnE 1998, I, 4-5) Óðinn steals the mead of poetry from Suttungr by drinking it from three great vats. He then escapes by flying off in the shape of an eagle, spitting out the mead on arrival in Ásgarðr, the home of the gods; ll. 9-12 allude to this.
legi ‘liquid’
(not checked:)
lǫgr (noun m.; °lagar, dat. legi): sea < hverlǫgr (noun m.): [cauldron-liquid]
kennings
hverlegi‘the cauldron-liquid ’
= DRINK
the cauldron-liquid → DRINKhverlegi farms galga,
‘the cauldron-liquid of the burden of the gallows, ’
= POETRY
the burden of the gallows, → Óðinn
the cauldron-liquid of ÓÐINN → POETRY
notes
[All]: The poetry-kennings in the stanza allude programmatically to different phases in the story of Óðinn’s appropriation of the poetic mead (see Skm, SnE 1998, I, 3-5). — [6] hverlegi ‘the cauldron-liquid [DRINK]’: The kenning, unusually, functions as the base-word of a further kenning, for ‘poetry’. The reference to a cauldron is particularly apt since according to Skm (SnE 1998, I, 4-5) Óðinn steals the mead of poetry from Suttungr by drinking it from three great vats. He then escapes by flying off in the shape of an eagle, spitting out the mead on arrival in Ásgarðr, the home of the gods; ll. 9-12 allude to this.
legi ‘liquid’
(not checked:)
lǫgr (noun m.; °lagar, dat. legi): sea < hverlǫgr (noun m.): [cauldron-liquid]
kennings
hverlegi‘the cauldron-liquid ’
= DRINK
the cauldron-liquid → DRINKhverlegi farms galga,
‘the cauldron-liquid of the burden of the gallows, ’
= POETRY
the burden of the gallows, → Óðinn
the cauldron-liquid of ÓÐINN → POETRY
notes
[All]: The poetry-kennings in the stanza allude programmatically to different phases in the story of Óðinn’s appropriation of the poetic mead (see Skm, SnE 1998, I, 3-5). — [6] hverlegi ‘the cauldron-liquid [DRINK]’: The kenning, unusually, functions as the base-word of a further kenning, for ‘poetry’. The reference to a cauldron is particularly apt since according to Skm (SnE 1998, I, 4-5) Óðinn steals the mead of poetry from Suttungr by drinking it from three great vats. He then escapes by flying off in the shape of an eagle, spitting out the mead on arrival in Ásgarðr, the home of the gods; ll. 9-12 allude to this.
legi ‘liquid’
(not checked:)
lǫgr (noun m.; °lagar, dat. legi): sea < hverlǫgr (noun m.): [cauldron-liquid]
kennings
hverlegi‘the cauldron-liquid ’
= DRINK
the cauldron-liquid → DRINKhverlegi farms galga,
‘the cauldron-liquid of the burden of the gallows, ’
= POETRY
the burden of the gallows, → Óðinn
the cauldron-liquid of ÓÐINN → POETRY
notes
[All]: The poetry-kennings in the stanza allude programmatically to different phases in the story of Óðinn’s appropriation of the poetic mead (see Skm, SnE 1998, I, 3-5). — [6] hverlegi ‘the cauldron-liquid [DRINK]’: The kenning, unusually, functions as the base-word of a further kenning, for ‘poetry’. The reference to a cauldron is particularly apt since according to Skm (SnE 1998, I, 4-5) Óðinn steals the mead of poetry from Suttungr by drinking it from three great vats. He then escapes by flying off in the shape of an eagle, spitting out the mead on arrival in Ásgarðr, the home of the gods; ll. 9-12 allude to this.
fars ‘’
(not checked:)
far (noun n.; °-s; *-): travel, vessel, trace, life, conduct
grams ‘’
(not checked:)
1. gramr (noun m.): ruler
galga ‘of the gallows’
(not checked:)
galgi (noun m.): gallows
kennings
hverlegi farms galga,‘the cauldron-liquid of the burden of the gallows, ’
= POETRY
the burden of the gallows, → Óðinn
the cauldron-liquid of ÓÐINN → POETRY
notes
[All]: The poetry-kennings in the stanza allude programmatically to different phases in the story of Óðinn’s appropriation of the poetic mead (see Skm, SnE 1998, I, 3-5). — [7] farms galga ‘of the burden of the gallows [= Óðinn]’: The god was ‘a burden of the gallows’ on the occasions when he hanged himself and communed with the dead in order to gather wisdom (Turville-Petre 1964, 42-50).
galga ‘of the gallows’
(not checked:)
galgi (noun m.): gallows
kennings
hverlegi farms galga,‘the cauldron-liquid of the burden of the gallows, ’
= POETRY
the burden of the gallows, → Óðinn
the cauldron-liquid of ÓÐINN → POETRY
notes
[All]: The poetry-kennings in the stanza allude programmatically to different phases in the story of Óðinn’s appropriation of the poetic mead (see Skm, SnE 1998, I, 3-5). — [7] farms galga ‘of the burden of the gallows [= Óðinn]’: The god was ‘a burden of the gallows’ on the occasions when he hanged himself and communed with the dead in order to gather wisdom (Turville-Petre 1964, 42-50).
galga ‘of the gallows’
(not checked:)
galgi (noun m.): gallows
kennings
hverlegi farms galga,‘the cauldron-liquid of the burden of the gallows, ’
= POETRY
the burden of the gallows, → Óðinn
the cauldron-liquid of ÓÐINN → POETRY
notes
[All]: The poetry-kennings in the stanza allude programmatically to different phases in the story of Óðinn’s appropriation of the poetic mead (see Skm, SnE 1998, I, 3-5). — [7] farms galga ‘of the burden of the gallows [= Óðinn]’: The god was ‘a burden of the gallows’ on the occasions when he hanged himself and communed with the dead in order to gather wisdom (Turville-Petre 1964, 42-50).
galga ‘of the gallows’
(not checked:)
galgi (noun m.): gallows
kennings
hverlegi farms galga,‘the cauldron-liquid of the burden of the gallows, ’
= POETRY
the burden of the gallows, → Óðinn
the cauldron-liquid of ÓÐINN → POETRY
notes
[All]: The poetry-kennings in the stanza allude programmatically to different phases in the story of Óðinn’s appropriation of the poetic mead (see Skm, SnE 1998, I, 3-5). — [7] farms galga ‘of the burden of the gallows [= Óðinn]’: The god was ‘a burden of the gallows’ on the occasions when he hanged himself and communed with the dead in order to gather wisdom (Turville-Petre 1964, 42-50).
farms ‘of the burden’
(not checked:)
farmr (noun m.; °dat. -i; -ar): cargo
[7] farms: grams U(27r/11), U(27r/24), fars B(4r), B(4v)
kennings
hverlegi farms galga,‘the cauldron-liquid of the burden of the gallows, ’
= POETRY
the burden of the gallows, → Óðinn
the cauldron-liquid of ÓÐINN → POETRY
notes
[All]: The poetry-kennings in the stanza allude programmatically to different phases in the story of Óðinn’s appropriation of the poetic mead (see Skm, SnE 1998, I, 3-5). — [7] farms galga ‘of the burden of the gallows [= Óðinn]’: The god was ‘a burden of the gallows’ on the occasions when he hanged himself and communed with the dead in order to gather wisdom (Turville-Petre 1964, 42-50).
farms ‘of the burden’
(not checked:)
farmr (noun m.; °dat. -i; -ar): cargo
[7] farms: grams U(27r/11), U(27r/24), fars B(4r), B(4v)
kennings
hverlegi farms galga,‘the cauldron-liquid of the burden of the gallows, ’
= POETRY
the burden of the gallows, → Óðinn
the cauldron-liquid of ÓÐINN → POETRY
notes
[All]: The poetry-kennings in the stanza allude programmatically to different phases in the story of Óðinn’s appropriation of the poetic mead (see Skm, SnE 1998, I, 3-5). — [7] farms galga ‘of the burden of the gallows [= Óðinn]’: The god was ‘a burden of the gallows’ on the occasions when he hanged himself and communed with the dead in order to gather wisdom (Turville-Petre 1964, 42-50).
farms ‘of the burden’
(not checked:)
farmr (noun m.; °dat. -i; -ar): cargo
[7] farms: grams U(27r/11), U(27r/24), fars B(4r), B(4v)
kennings
hverlegi farms galga,‘the cauldron-liquid of the burden of the gallows, ’
= POETRY
the burden of the gallows, → Óðinn
the cauldron-liquid of ÓÐINN → POETRY
notes
[All]: The poetry-kennings in the stanza allude programmatically to different phases in the story of Óðinn’s appropriation of the poetic mead (see Skm, SnE 1998, I, 3-5). — [7] farms galga ‘of the burden of the gallows [= Óðinn]’: The god was ‘a burden of the gallows’ on the occasions when he hanged himself and communed with the dead in order to gather wisdom (Turville-Petre 1964, 42-50).
farms ‘of the burden’
(not checked:)
farmr (noun m.; °dat. -i; -ar): cargo
[7] farms: grams U(27r/11), U(27r/24), fars B(4r), B(4v)
kennings
hverlegi farms galga,‘the cauldron-liquid of the burden of the gallows, ’
= POETRY
the burden of the gallows, → Óðinn
the cauldron-liquid of ÓÐINN → POETRY
notes
[All]: The poetry-kennings in the stanza allude programmatically to different phases in the story of Óðinn’s appropriation of the poetic mead (see Skm, SnE 1998, I, 3-5). — [7] farms galga ‘of the burden of the gallows [= Óðinn]’: The god was ‘a burden of the gallows’ on the occasions when he hanged himself and communed with the dead in order to gather wisdom (Turville-Petre 1964, 42-50).
til ‘back to’
(not checked:)
til (prep.): to
notes
[5, 8] meðan teljum ætt hans til goða ‘while we [I] reckon his lineage back to the gods’: The referent of hans ‘his’ is not clarified in the stanza, but the name of Eyvindr’s patron, Hákon jarl Sigurðarson, was probably specified in a (lost) introductory stanza.
goða ‘the gods’
(not checked:)
goð (noun n.): (pagan) god
notes
[5, 8] meðan teljum ætt hans til goða ‘while we [I] reckon his lineage back to the gods’: The referent of hans ‘his’ is not clarified in the stanza, but the name of Eyvindr’s patron, Hákon jarl Sigurðarson, was probably specified in a (lost) introductory stanza.
teljum ‘we [I] reckon’
(not checked:)
telja (verb): tell, count
notes
[5, 8] meðan teljum ætt hans til goða ‘while we [I] reckon his lineage back to the gods’: The referent of hans ‘his’ is not clarified in the stanza, but the name of Eyvindr’s patron, Hákon jarl Sigurðarson, was probably specified in a (lost) introductory stanza.
hinn ‘that’
(not checked:)
2. inn (art.): the
notes
[9] hinn es ‘that which’: Lines 9-12 appear to follow ll. 1-8, although they are separately transmitted (see Context and Note to [All] above). The demonstrative pron. hinn (which is followed by the rel. particle es) appears to refer back to m. dat. sg. -legi (from nom. lǫgr ‘liquid’), and hence to the kenning for ‘poetry’. It is in the acc. case since it is object to bar ‘carried’ in the rel. clause; for further (rare) examples of pronouns taking the case appropriate to the following rel. clause, see NS §260. Hinn cannot be nom., since the subject of the clause is farmǫgnuðr ‘travel-furtherer [= Óðinn]’.
es ‘which’
(not checked:)
2. er (conj.): who, which, when
notes
[9] hinn es ‘that which’: Lines 9-12 appear to follow ll. 1-8, although they are separately transmitted (see Context and Note to [All] above). The demonstrative pron. hinn (which is followed by the rel. particle es) appears to refer back to m. dat. sg. -legi (from nom. lǫgr ‘liquid’), and hence to the kenning for ‘poetry’. It is in the acc. case since it is object to bar ‘carried’ in the rel. clause; for further (rare) examples of pronouns taking the case appropriate to the following rel. clause, see NS §260. Hinn cannot be nom., since the subject of the clause is farmǫgnuðr ‘travel-furtherer [= Óðinn]’.
Surts ‘of Surtr [giant]’
(not checked:)
Surtr (noun m.): Surtr
notes
[9] Surts ‘of Surtr [giant]’: It has been suggested that Surtr is used here as a common noun (‘giant’), referring to Suttungr (LP (1860), LP: Surtr 2; Faulkes 1987, 254; SnE 1998, I, 160); see Note to ll. 3-4 above on Suttungr. However, the name Surtr may refer, as normally, to the notorious fire-giant (see Phillpotts 1905). Since he was famed for his single combat with Freyr at Ragnarǫk (Vsp 53/5-6, Fáfn 14/5-6; SnE 2005, 50; Simek 1993, 303-4), mention of him here fits with the general interest in Freyr in Hál (see Introduction and Note to st. 3/3). It is also possible that Surtr figured in early versions of the story of the poetic mead, perhaps playing the role ascribed to Suttungr in SnE (cf. Krause 1990, 142-3). The evidence of Hfr ErfÓl 15/7-8 sylg ættar Surts ‘drink of the family of Surtr [GIANTS > POETRY]’ is equivocal, since Surtr could either refer to a figure in the myth or (more likely) could function as a representative giant.
saug ‘’
ór ‘from’
(not checked:)
3. ór (prep.): out of
søkk ‘treasure’
(not checked:)
2. søkk (noun n.): treasure < søkkdalr (noun m.)
[10] søkk‑: ‘sau(g)’ corrected from ‘sau(k) (?)’ Tˣ(22r)
notes
[10] søkk- ‘treasure-’: The rare word ‘precious stone, treasure’, cognate with OE sinc, seems also to be used in Eyv Lv 4/5 (see Note, and cf. Ótt Knútdr 11/1, Anon Pl 20/6VII, Falk 1923a, 70-1 and NN §1783). Compounded here with dǫlum (dat. pl.) ‘valleys’, it may alternatively mean ‘sunken’. It appears that the cpd is qualified by Surts, but it is difficult to make a definitive choice between the two meanings in the absence of fuller information about Surtr. Faulkes (SnE 1998, I, 160) notes that if ll. 9-12 belonged with now lost lines rather than with ll. 1-8, Surts could have formed part of a kenning rather than qualifying søkkdǫlum.
far ‘the travel’
(not checked:)
far (noun n.; °-s; *-): travel, vessel, trace, life, conduct < farmǫgnuðr (noun m.)
kennings
farmǫgnuðr‘the travel-furtherer ’
= Óðinn
the travel-furtherer → Óðinn
notes
[All]: The poetry-kennings in the stanza allude programmatically to different phases in the story of Óðinn’s appropriation of the poetic mead (see Skm, SnE 1998, I, 3-5). — [11] farmǫgnuðr ‘the travel-furtherer [= Óðinn]’: In context, this hap. leg. alludes to the feat of flying by which Óðinn appropriated the mead of poetry (Meissner 322; LP: farmǫgnuðr), but it may also refer to Óðinn’s broad capacity as a god of voyages, migrations, territorial expansions and possibly trade (Haugen 1983, 8-9; cf. LP (1860): farmǫgnaðr), a set of aspects highly relevant to the expansionist jarls.
far ‘the travel’
(not checked:)
far (noun n.; °-s; *-): travel, vessel, trace, life, conduct < farmǫgnuðr (noun m.)
kennings
farmǫgnuðr‘the travel-furtherer ’
= Óðinn
the travel-furtherer → Óðinn
notes
[All]: The poetry-kennings in the stanza allude programmatically to different phases in the story of Óðinn’s appropriation of the poetic mead (see Skm, SnE 1998, I, 3-5). — [11] farmǫgnuðr ‘the travel-furtherer [= Óðinn]’: In context, this hap. leg. alludes to the feat of flying by which Óðinn appropriated the mead of poetry (Meissner 322; LP: farmǫgnuðr), but it may also refer to Óðinn’s broad capacity as a god of voyages, migrations, territorial expansions and possibly trade (Haugen 1983, 8-9; cf. LP (1860): farmǫgnaðr), a set of aspects highly relevant to the expansionist jarls.
mǫgnuðr ‘furtherer’
(not checked:)
mǫgnuðr (noun m.): increaser < farmǫgnuðr (noun m.)
kennings
farmǫgnuðr‘the travel-furtherer ’
= Óðinn
the travel-furtherer → Óðinn
notes
[All]: The poetry-kennings in the stanza allude programmatically to different phases in the story of Óðinn’s appropriation of the poetic mead (see Skm, SnE 1998, I, 3-5). — [11] farmǫgnuðr ‘the travel-furtherer [= Óðinn]’: In context, this hap. leg. alludes to the feat of flying by which Óðinn appropriated the mead of poetry (Meissner 322; LP: farmǫgnuðr), but it may also refer to Óðinn’s broad capacity as a god of voyages, migrations, territorial expansions and possibly trade (Haugen 1983, 8-9; cf. LP (1860): farmǫgnaðr), a set of aspects highly relevant to the expansionist jarls.
mǫgnuðr ‘furtherer’
(not checked:)
mǫgnuðr (noun m.): increaser < farmǫgnuðr (noun m.)
kennings
farmǫgnuðr‘the travel-furtherer ’
= Óðinn
the travel-furtherer → Óðinn
notes
[All]: The poetry-kennings in the stanza allude programmatically to different phases in the story of Óðinn’s appropriation of the poetic mead (see Skm, SnE 1998, I, 3-5). — [11] farmǫgnuðr ‘the travel-furtherer [= Óðinn]’: In context, this hap. leg. alludes to the feat of flying by which Óðinn appropriated the mead of poetry (Meissner 322; LP: farmǫgnuðr), but it may also refer to Óðinn’s broad capacity as a god of voyages, migrations, territorial expansions and possibly trade (Haugen 1983, 8-9; cf. LP (1860): farmǫgnaðr), a set of aspects highly relevant to the expansionist jarls.
fljúgandi ‘flying’
(not checked:)
fljúga (verb): fly
bar ‘carried’
(not checked:)
3. bera (verb; °berr; bar, báru; borinn): bear, carry
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
|
Viljak hljóð |
I would wish for a hearing for the drink of Hôarr <= Óðinn> [POETRY], while I lift up the payment for Gillingr <giant> [POETRY], while we [I] reckon his lineage back to the gods in the cauldron-liquid [DRINK] of the burden of the gallows [= Óðinn > POETRY], that which the travel-furtherer [= Óðinn] carried flying from the treasure-valleys of Surtr [giant].
Lines 1-8 (with ll. 5-8 repeated in R, U and B) are cited to illustrate kennings for ‘poetry’. The final four lines are cited separately and somewhat earlier, to illustrate a kenning for Óðinn.
SnE gives no indication that these excerpts come from Hál, but there is scholarly consensus that they belong there (SnE 1998, I, 160). Earlier eds took ll. 1-8 of the present stanza as st. 1 and ll. 9-12 as st. 2 (see Note to l. 9 for discussion). — [9-12]: On Óðinn’s flight, see Note to l. 6 above.
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