Anon Lil 84VII
Martin Chase (ed.) 2007, ‘Anonymous Poems, Lilja 84’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 656-7.
Hræðumz ‘fear’
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3. hræða (verb): fear, be afraid
eg ‘I’
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ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
að ‘that’
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4. at (conj.): that
sárt ‘painfully’
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sárr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): sore, painful; wounded
muni ‘will’
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munu (verb): will, must
[1] muni: so 622, 713, Vb, 41 8°ˣ, 705ˣ, munu Bb, mun 99a
svíða ‘burn’
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1. svíða (verb): cause pain, burn
samvizkunnar ‘of conscience’
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samvizka (noun f.): conscience
kennings
bygð samvizkunnar‘the seat of conscience ’
= BREAST
the seat of conscience → BREAST
notes
[2] samvizkunnar ‘of conscience’: Note the occurrence of stress in the third syllable. Cf. the same phenomenon in megindróttningin ‘great queen’ 86/3. — [2] bygð samvizkunnar ‘the seat of conscience’: LP (1860) does not regard this phrase as a kenning. Meissner lists it among the kennings for ‘breast’ (Meissner, 136), and Kock (NN §187) argues that this is the correct interpretation. LP defines it as a kenning for ‘breast’ and refers to Meissner. Kock views the kenning as analogous to the poet’s mention of his burning breast (brjóst svíðir ‘my breast burns’ 76/6; tendrað brjóst ‘burning breast’ 81/4) a few sts earlier, and the theme is certainly the same (cf. also hreinsa brjóst ‘cleanse my heart’ 2/5 and Note). But it is unlikely that the poet intended biological specificity in any of these instances, and Sveinbjörn Egilsson’s approach may still be the best.
samvizkunnar ‘of conscience’
(not checked:)
samvizka (noun f.): conscience
kennings
bygð samvizkunnar‘the seat of conscience ’
= BREAST
the seat of conscience → BREAST
notes
[2] samvizkunnar ‘of conscience’: Note the occurrence of stress in the third syllable. Cf. the same phenomenon in megindróttningin ‘great queen’ 86/3. — [2] bygð samvizkunnar ‘the seat of conscience’: LP (1860) does not regard this phrase as a kenning. Meissner lists it among the kennings for ‘breast’ (Meissner, 136), and Kock (NN §187) argues that this is the correct interpretation. LP defines it as a kenning for ‘breast’ and refers to Meissner. Kock views the kenning as analogous to the poet’s mention of his burning breast (brjóst svíðir ‘my breast burns’ 76/6; tendrað brjóst ‘burning breast’ 81/4) a few sts earlier, and the theme is certainly the same (cf. also hreinsa brjóst ‘cleanse my heart’ 2/5 and Note). But it is unlikely that the poet intended biological specificity in any of these instances, and Sveinbjörn Egilsson’s approach may still be the best.
bygð ‘the seat’
(not checked:)
byggð (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): dwelling, settlement
kennings
bygð samvizkunnar‘the seat of conscience ’
= BREAST
the seat of conscience → BREAST
notes
[2] bygð samvizkunnar ‘the seat of conscience’: LP (1860) does not regard this phrase as a kenning. Meissner lists it among the kennings for ‘breast’ (Meissner, 136), and Kock (NN §187) argues that this is the correct interpretation. LP defines it as a kenning for ‘breast’ and refers to Meissner. Kock views the kenning as analogous to the poet’s mention of his burning breast (brjóst svíðir ‘my breast burns’ 76/6; tendrað brjóst ‘burning breast’ 81/4) a few sts earlier, and the theme is certainly the same (cf. also hreinsa brjóst ‘cleanse my heart’ 2/5 and Note). But it is unlikely that the poet intended biological specificity in any of these instances, and Sveinbjörn Egilsson’s approach may still be the best.
af ‘from’
(not checked:)
af (prep.): from
grunnum ‘its foundations’
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1. grunnr (noun m.): bottom, shallows
[2] grunnum: grunni 99a, 622, 713, Vb, 41 8°ˣ, 705ˣ, 4892
öll ‘all’
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allr (adj.): all
þá ‘’
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2. þá (adv.): then
syndir ‘sins’
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synð (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): sin
kalla ‘claim’
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kalla (verb): call
sína ‘their’
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3. sinn (pron.; °f. sín, n. sitt): (refl. poss. pron.)
eign ‘ownership’
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eign (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): property
hjarta ‘heart’
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hjarta (noun n.; °-; *-u): heart
mínu ‘my’
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minn (pron.; °f. mín, n. mitt): my
Dökkvir ‘the swarthy’
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døkkr (adj.; °-van; compar. -vari/-ari/-ri, superl. -vastr/-astr): dark
notes
[5] dökkvir flokkar ‘swarthy flocks’: Døkkr can refer both to the colour of complexion or hair and to moral or spiritual darkness, but the analogous svartir seggir ‘black men’ 58/1-2 (see Note) suggests that the literal meaning is intended. Devils are commonly portrayed with black complexions in medieval Scandinavian visual art.
munu ‘’
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munu (verb): will, must
þá ‘Then’
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2. þá (adv.): then
fjandans ‘of the fiend’
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fjándi (noun m.; °-a; fjándr/fjándar/fjándir): enemy, devil
[5] fjandans: fjanda Vb, 41 8°ˣ, 705ˣ
flokkar ‘flocks’
(not checked:)
flokkr (noun m.): group, flock
notes
[5] dökkvir flokkar ‘swarthy flocks’: Døkkr can refer both to the colour of complexion or hair and to moral or spiritual darkness, but the analogous svartir seggir ‘black men’ 58/1-2 (see Note) suggests that the literal meaning is intended. Devils are commonly portrayed with black complexions in medieval Scandinavian visual art.
færaz ‘rush’
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2. fœra (verb): bring
með ‘with’
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með (prep.): with
ópi ‘hooting’
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óp (noun n.; °-s): shouting, crying
og ‘and’
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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
mig ‘me’
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ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
að ‘to’
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5. at (nota): to (with infinitive)
brenna ‘burn’
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3. brenna (verb; (weak, transitive)): to burn (weak, intr.)
og ‘and’
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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
pína ‘torment’
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3. pína (verb): torture, torment
[7] pína: so 99a, Vb, 41 8°ˣ, 705ˣ, 4892, skemma Bb, skeina 622, 713
kremja ‘squeeze’
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kremja (verb): [squeeze, plagued]
[8] kremja: so 99a, 622, Vb, 41 8°ˣ, 705ˣ, 4892, ‘krema’ Bb
og ‘and’
(not checked:)
3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
slíta ‘rip’
(not checked:)
slíta (verb): to tear
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