Anon Lil 6VII
Martin Chase (ed.) 2007, ‘Anonymous Poems, Lilja 6’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 568-9.
Herra ‘The Lord’
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1. herra (noun m.; °herra; herrar): lord
guð ‘God’
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1. guð (noun m.; °***guðrs, guðis, gus): (Christian) God
er ‘is’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
[1] er hverjum: hverjum er 99a, 622, 713, Vb, 41 8°ˣ, 705ˣ, 4892
hverjum ‘than everyone’
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2. hverr (pron.): who, whom, each, every
[1] er hverjum: hverjum er 99a, 622, 713, Vb, 41 8°ˣ, 705ˣ, 4892
dýrri ‘more precious’
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dýrr (adj.; °compar. -ri/-ari, superl. -str/-astr): precious
himin ‘heaven’
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himinn (noun m.; °himins, dat. himni; himnar): heaven, sky
og ‘and’
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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
jörð ‘earth’
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jǫrð (noun f.; °jarðar, dat. -u; jarðir/jarðar(DN I (1367) 304)): ground, earth
í ‘in’
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í (prep.): in, into
gjörði ‘made’
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1. gera (verb): do, make
hann ‘he’
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hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
með ‘with’
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með (prep.): with
þrysvar ‘three times’
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þrysvar (adv.): three times, thrice
notes
[3, 4] þrysvar þrennum … stiettar eingla ‘three times three orders of angels’: Medieval theologians reckoned nine orders of angels, a number they derived from nine names for angels mentioned in the Bible. Cf. the homily for All Saints in HomÍsl: þeir eſ gréinaſc inio svéiter. þat ero ę́rer. oc hofoþ ę́rer. craftar. veldes englar oc hofoþenglar. drótnar oc ſtólar cherubím þat es fylling speke. oc ſeraphím þat ero breɴeɴdr eþa logeɴdr ‘they are divided into nine choirs: angels and archangels, principalities, powers and virtues, dominations and thrones, cherubim (the fulfilment of wisdom) and seraphim, who are burning or flaming’ (HomÍsl 1993, 18v; cf. HómNo, 137 and Þorvaldur Bjarnarson 1878, 64-5). A popular tradition associated with Dionysius the Areopagite divided the orders or choirs into three groups of three, cf. the Lat. Eluc: M. – Propter Trinitatem: in novenario enim numero ternarius tertio fit repetitus ‘Master: On account of the Trinity: because in the nonary number the ternary is repeated three times’ (Le Fꜵvre 1954, 366). See also Note to 1/1, stietta.
þrennum ‘three’
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þrennr (adj.): three(fold)
notes
[3, 4] þrysvar þrennum … stiettar eingla ‘three times three orders of angels’: Medieval theologians reckoned nine orders of angels, a number they derived from nine names for angels mentioned in the Bible. Cf. the homily for All Saints in HomÍsl: þeir eſ gréinaſc inio svéiter. þat ero ę́rer. oc hofoþ ę́rer. craftar. veldes englar oc hofoþenglar. drótnar oc ſtólar cherubím þat es fylling speke. oc ſeraphím þat ero breɴeɴdr eþa logeɴdr ‘they are divided into nine choirs: angels and archangels, principalities, powers and virtues, dominations and thrones, cherubim (the fulfilment of wisdom) and seraphim, who are burning or flaming’ (HomÍsl 1993, 18v; cf. HómNo, 137 and Þorvaldur Bjarnarson 1878, 64-5). A popular tradition associated with Dionysius the Areopagite divided the orders or choirs into three groups of three, cf. the Lat. Eluc: M. – Propter Trinitatem: in novenario enim numero ternarius tertio fit repetitus ‘Master: On account of the Trinity: because in the nonary number the ternary is repeated three times’ (Le Fꜵvre 1954, 366). See also Note to 1/1, stietta.
er ‘is’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
riett ‘truly’
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3. réttr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): right, straight, direct
mín ‘my’
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minn (pron.; °f. mín, n. mitt): my
eingla ‘of angels’
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1. engill (noun m.; °engils; englar): angel
notes
[3, 4] þrysvar þrennum … stiettar eingla ‘three times three orders of angels’: Medieval theologians reckoned nine orders of angels, a number they derived from nine names for angels mentioned in the Bible. Cf. the homily for All Saints in HomÍsl: þeir eſ gréinaſc inio svéiter. þat ero ę́rer. oc hofoþ ę́rer. craftar. veldes englar oc hofoþenglar. drótnar oc ſtólar cherubím þat es fylling speke. oc ſeraphím þat ero breɴeɴdr eþa logeɴdr ‘they are divided into nine choirs: angels and archangels, principalities, powers and virtues, dominations and thrones, cherubim (the fulfilment of wisdom) and seraphim, who are burning or flaming’ (HomÍsl 1993, 18v; cf. HómNo, 137 and Þorvaldur Bjarnarson 1878, 64-5). A popular tradition associated with Dionysius the Areopagite divided the orders or choirs into three groups of three, cf. the Lat. Eluc: M. – Propter Trinitatem: in novenario enim numero ternarius tertio fit repetitus ‘Master: On account of the Trinity: because in the nonary number the ternary is repeated three times’ (Le Fꜵvre 1954, 366). See also Note to 1/1, stietta.
stiettar ‘orders’
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stétt (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): path
[4] stiettar: stiettum 99a, 622, 713, Vb, 41 8°ˣ, 705ˣ, 4892, stietta 720b
notes
[3, 4] þrysvar þrennum … stiettar eingla ‘three times three orders of angels’: Medieval theologians reckoned nine orders of angels, a number they derived from nine names for angels mentioned in the Bible. Cf. the homily for All Saints in HomÍsl: þeir eſ gréinaſc inio svéiter. þat ero ę́rer. oc hofoþ ę́rer. craftar. veldes englar oc hofoþenglar. drótnar oc ſtólar cherubím þat es fylling speke. oc ſeraphím þat ero breɴeɴdr eþa logeɴdr ‘they are divided into nine choirs: angels and archangels, principalities, powers and virtues, dominations and thrones, cherubim (the fulfilment of wisdom) and seraphim, who are burning or flaming’ (HomÍsl 1993, 18v; cf. HómNo, 137 and Þorvaldur Bjarnarson 1878, 64-5). A popular tradition associated with Dionysius the Areopagite divided the orders or choirs into three groups of three, cf. the Lat. Eluc: M. – Propter Trinitatem: in novenario enim numero ternarius tertio fit repetitus ‘Master: On account of the Trinity: because in the nonary number the ternary is repeated three times’ (Le Fꜵvre 1954, 366). See also Note to 1/1, stietta.
Áðr ‘Before’
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áðr (adv.; °//): before
var ‘was’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
hann ‘he’
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hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
jafn ‘the same’
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jafn (adj.; °comp. -ari, superl. -astr): even, just
notes
[5] jafn ‘the same’: JH notes that emending to jafnt ‘likewise’ would improve the text considerably: ‘before anything existed, and likewise after, he was enough in himself’.
og ‘and’
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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
síðan ‘afterwards’
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síðan (adv.): later, then
notes
[6]: Ms. 720b concludes with the word sier from this l.
sier ‘in himself’
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sik (pron.; °gen. sín, dat. sér): (refl. pron.)
notes
[6]: Ms. 720b concludes with the word sier from this l.
notes
[6]: Ms. 720b concludes with the word sier from this l.
skepnan ‘creation’
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skepna (noun f.; °-u; -ur): creation
notes
[6]: Ms. 720b concludes with the word sier from this l.
væri ‘existed’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
notes
[6]: Ms. 720b concludes with the word sier from this l.
gjörði ‘made’
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1. gera (verb): do, make
hann ‘he’
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hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
heim ‘the world’
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heimr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-; -ar): home, abode; world
[7] heim: heima Vb, 41 8°ˣ
notes
[7-8] heim og … tíma tvá jafnaldra ‘world and ... time, two [entities] of the same age’: This reflects the philosophical notion that time is the measure of change. Before anything was created, there was not change, and hence no time. God, who does not participate in change, is outside of time.
og ‘and’
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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
notes
[7-8] heim og … tíma tvá jafnaldra ‘world and ... time, two [entities] of the same age’: This reflects the philosophical notion that time is the measure of change. Before anything was created, there was not change, and hence no time. God, who does not participate in change, is outside of time.
tengdi ‘’
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tengja (verb): unite, join
tíma ‘time’
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tíma (verb): [time]
notes
[7-8] heim og … tíma tvá jafnaldra ‘world and ... time, two [entities] of the same age’: This reflects the philosophical notion that time is the measure of change. Before anything was created, there was not change, and hence no time. God, who does not participate in change, is outside of time.
tvá ‘two’
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tveir (num. cardinal): two
notes
[7-8] heim og … tíma tvá jafnaldra ‘world and ... time, two [entities] of the same age’: This reflects the philosophical notion that time is the measure of change. Before anything was created, there was not change, and hence no time. God, who does not participate in change, is outside of time.
jafn ‘of the same’
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jafn (adj.; °comp. -ari, superl. -astr): even, just < jafnaldri (noun m.)
notes
[7-8] heim og … tíma tvá jafnaldra ‘world and ... time, two [entities] of the same age’: This reflects the philosophical notion that time is the measure of change. Before anything was created, there was not change, and hence no time. God, who does not participate in change, is outside of time.
aldra ‘age’
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2. -aldri (adj.): [age] < jafnaldri (noun m.)
notes
[7-8] heim og … tíma tvá jafnaldra ‘world and ... time, two [entities] of the same age’: This reflects the philosophical notion that time is the measure of change. Before anything was created, there was not change, and hence no time. God, who does not participate in change, is outside of time.
í ‘in’
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í (prep.): in, into
sínu ‘his’
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3. sinn (pron.; °f. sín, n. sitt): (refl. poss. pron.)
valdi ‘power’
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valdr (adj.): power
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
The Lord God, who is more precious than everyone, made in the begining heaven and earth; he adorned them with three times three orders of angels; that is truly my belief. Before creation existed, and afterwards, he was nevertheless the same, sufficient in himself; he made the world and stretched out time, two [entities] of the same age in his power.
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