Anon Lil 46VII
Martin Chase (ed.) 2007, ‘Anonymous Poems, Lilja 46’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 616-17.
næst ‘After’
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nærri (adj. comp.; °superl. nǽstr): near, nearer, next
hins ‘of the’
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2. inn (art.): the
kæra ‘dear’
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kærr (adj.; °superl. kǽrstr/kǽrastr): dear
Kristi ‘Christ’
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Kristr (noun m.; °-s/-, dat. -i; -ar): Christ
kenning ‘news’
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kenning (noun f.; °-ar dat. -/-u; -ar): news, teachings; kenning
tók ‘began’
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2. taka (verb): take
um ‘through’
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1. um (prep.): about, around
bygð ‘the district’
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byggð (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): dwelling, settlement
að ‘to’
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5. at (nota): to (with infinitive)
renna ‘spread’
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2. renna (verb): run (strong)
líf ‘life’
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líf (noun n.; °-s; -): life < lífþjónandi (adj.)
[3] lífþjónandi: so 99a, Vb, 41 8°ˣ, 705ˣ, 4892, líf þjónanda Bb, lífs skínandi 622
notes
[3] lífþjónandi ‘life-serving’: The majority mss’ reading seems necessary, although Eiríkur Magnússon (1870, 47) retains the Bb reading and translates ‘Disciples he did search and save, that life dispensing band’. Kock understands lífþjónandi as a substantive referring to Christ, parallel to lífgari 63/2 (NN §2630).
skínandi ‘’
þjónandi ‘serving’
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þjóna (verb): serve < lífþjónandi (adj.)
[3] lífþjónandi: so 99a, Vb, 41 8°ˣ, 705ˣ, 4892, líf þjónanda Bb, lífs skínandi 622
notes
[3] lífþjónandi ‘life-serving’: The majority mss’ reading seems necessary, although Eiríkur Magnússon (1870, 47) retains the Bb reading and translates ‘Disciples he did search and save, that life dispensing band’. Kock understands lífþjónandi as a substantive referring to Christ, parallel to lífgari 63/2 (NN §2630).
læri ‘’
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læri (noun n.): teacher < lærisveinn (noun m.): disciple
sveina ‘disciples’
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sveinn (noun m.; °sveins; sveinar): boy, servant, attendant < lærisveinn (noun m.): disciple
[3] ‑sveina: ‑sveinum 622, ‑sveinar 41 8°ˣ
leitar ‘seeks’
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leita (verb): seek, look for, attack
finnr ‘finds’
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2. finna (verb): find, meet
og ‘and’
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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
þar ‘there’
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þar (adv.): there
veitir ‘gives’
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2. veita (verb): grant, give
blindum ‘the blind’
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blindr (adj.; °compar. -ari): blind
hrjúfum ‘lepers’
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hrjúfr (adj.): [lepers]
notes
[5] hrjúfum ‘lepers’: Lit. ‘rough’, i.e. with rough scales or lesions on the skin. Cf. LP (1860): hjrúfr 2: asper, scaber (‘rough, scabrous’).
dumbum ‘the dumb’
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dumbr (adj.): [dumb]
daufum ‘the deaf’
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daufr (adj.): [deaf]
dauðum ‘the dead’
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2. dauðr (adj.): dead
notes
[6] krömdum ‘plagued’: P. p. of kremja ‘to crush, oppress, torment, plague’, used of those suffering chronic illness (kröm). See Fritzner and Sigfús Blöndal 1920-4: kremja and kröm.
ærum ‘the insane’
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œrr (adj.): raging
augu ‘eyes’
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auga (noun n.; °auga; augu/augun, gen. augna): eye
[7] augu: augna 99a, 622, Vb, 41 8°ˣ, 705ˣ, 4892
græðing ‘healing’
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grœðing (noun f.): salvation, healing
að ‘’
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5. at (nota): to (with infinitive)
hlýða ‘hearing’
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2. hlýða (verb): hear, listen; be able
andir ‘spirits’
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2. ǫnd (noun f.; °andar, dat. ǫnd/ǫndu; andir): soul, breath
[8] andir: andar 622, Vb, 41 8°ˣ, 4892
vizku ‘wisdom’
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vizka (noun f.; °-u): wisdom
að ‘’
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5. at (nota): to (with infinitive)
standa ‘[strength] to stand’
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standa (verb): stand
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
After this news of the dear Christ began to spread through the district; he seeks life-serving disciples, finds [them], and thereby gives the blind, lepers, the dumb, the deaf, the dead, the plagued, the insane, the lame: eyes, healing, words, hearing [lit. to hear], spirits, health, wisdom, [strength] to stand.
[1-2]: Cf. the account of the beginning of Christ’s ministry in Luke IV.14: et regressus est Iesus in virtute Spiritus in Galilaeam et fama exiit per universam regionem de illo ‘And Jesus returned in the power of the spirit, into Galilee, and the fame of him went out through the whole country’. The biblical allusion makes clear that kenning refers to Christ’s reputation and not his teaching, the sense in which it is taken in Skj B. — [4-8]: Cf. Matt. XI.5/Luke VII.22: caeci vident claudi ambulant leprosi mundantur surdi audiunt mortui resurgunt pauperes evangelizantur ‘The blind see, the lame walk, the lepers are made clean, the deaf hear, the dead rise again, to the poor the gospel is preached’. These ll. are an elegant example of the rhetorical figure versus rapportati (Lausberg 1998, §716; Curtius 1953, 291) combined with zeugma (Lausberg 1998, §§692-708). Bede defines zeugma ‘yoking’ as a figure in which one word (here veitir) governs two or more parts of a sentence (Hurst and Fraipoint 1975, 144). The two phrases governed by veitir are, first, a series of adjectives in the dat., used substantively, and then a parallel series of nouns (or verbs used substantively) in the acc. The strict symmetry holds the two periods together. See Laugesen 1966, 298-9 for a discussion of this and related examples from Everardus Alemannus, Quintilian, Cicero, and Geoffrey of Vinsauf. Laugesen notes that zeugma is also discussed in TGT (TGT 1884-6, I, 92-3), but he maintains that the Lil poet learned his technique from Lat. sources and not there. — [4-5]: It is highly unusual for the syntax of the last l. of the first helmingr of a st. and the first l. of the second to be so closely bound (JH).
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