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Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Anon Lil 34^VII

Martin Chase (ed.) 2007, ‘Anonymous Poems, Lilja 34’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 602-3.

Anonymous Poems Lilja

Eingin ‘None’

(not checked:)
2. engi (pron.): no, none

[1] Eingin: Eingi 713

notes

[1] eingin heyrðuz ‘none have been heard’: See Curtius 1953, 162-6 on topics of outdoing.

heyrðuz ‘have been heard’

(not checked:)
2. heyra (verb): hear

[1] heyrðuz: heyrði og 99a, 622, 713, Vb, 41 8°ˣ, 705ˣ, 4892

notes

[1] eingin heyrðuz ‘none have been heard’: See Curtius 1953, 162-6 on topics of outdoing.

eingi ‘not’

(not checked:)
2. engi (pron.): no, none

[1] eingi: eingin 99a, 622, Vb, 41 8°ˣ

vurðu ‘happened’

(not checked:)
1. verða (verb): become, be

jöfn ‘the same’

(not checked:)
jafn (adj.; °comp. -ari, superl. -astr): even, just

tíðindin ‘tidings’

(not checked:)
tíðendi (noun n.; °; -): news

[2] tíðindin: tíðindi 713

fyrr ‘before’

(not checked:)
fyrr (adv.): before, sooner

nie ‘nor’

(not checked:)
né (conj.): nor

[2] nie: so 99a, 622, 713, 705ˣ, 4892, om. Bb, og Vb, 41 8°ˣ

notes

[2] nie síðar ‘nor since’: fyrr occurs at the end of a l. in Bb, and the omission of nie síðar appears to be a careless error. Without the words the l. lacks three syllables.

síðar ‘since’

(not checked:)
síðarr (adv.): later

[2] síðar: so 99a, 622, 713, Vb, 41 8°ˣ, 705ˣ, 4892, om. Bb

notes

[2] nie síðar ‘nor since’: fyrr occurs at the end of a l. in Bb, and the omission of nie síðar appears to be a careless error. Without the words the l. lacks three syllables.

bæði ‘both’

(not checked:)
báðir (pron.; °gen. beggja (báðra), nom./acc. n. bǽði): both

[3] bæði: að bæði Vb, 41 8°ˣ

senn ‘time’

(not checked:)
senn (adv.): at once

því ‘because’

(not checked:)
því (adv.): therefore, because

[3] því: að 99a, 705ˣ, var 622, Vb, 41 8°ˣ

mær ‘maid’

(not checked:)
mær (noun f.; °meyjar, dat. meyju; meyjar): maiden

[3] mær: mey 99a, Vb, 41 8°ˣ, 705ˣ, því að 4892

og ‘and’

(not checked:)
3. ok (conj.): and, but; also

móður ‘mother’

(not checked:)
móðir (noun f.): mother

mann ‘man’

(not checked:)
maðr (noun m.): man, person

[4] mann: og mann Vb, 41 8°ˣ

notes

[4]: Cf. trúa mann ok guð sannan (Líkn 24/8).

og ‘and’

(not checked:)
3. ok (conj.): and, but; also

notes

[4]: Cf. trúa mann ok guð sannan (Líkn 24/8).

guð ‘God’

(not checked:)
1. guð (noun m.; °***guðrs, guðis, gus): (Christian) God

notes

[4]: Cf. trúa mann ok guð sannan (Líkn 24/8).

bauð ‘affirmed’

(not checked:)
bjóða (verb; °býðr; bauð, buðu; boðinn (buð- Thom¹ 5²n.)): offer, order, invite

notes

[4]: Cf. trúa mann ok guð sannan (Líkn 24/8).

trúan ‘faith’

(not checked:)
1. trúa (noun f.; °trú): faith, belief

[4] trúan: trúað 622, truna 4892

notes

[4]: Cf. trúa mann ok guð sannan (Líkn 24/8).

að ‘at’

(not checked:)
3. at (prep.): at, to

[4] að: om. Vb, 41 8°ˣ

notes

[4]: Cf. trúa mann ok guð sannan (Líkn 24/8).

sanna ‘the same’

(not checked:)
2. sannr (adj.; °-an; compar. -ari, superl. -astr): true

notes

[4]: Cf. trúa mann ok guð sannan (Líkn 24/8).

Loftin ‘The heavens’

(not checked:)
loft (noun n.): air, sky

sungu ‘sang’

(not checked:)
syngja (verb): sing

komnum ‘who had come’

(not checked:)
koma (verb; kem, kom/kvam, kominn): come

kóngi ‘for the king’

(not checked:)
kóngr (noun m.): king

notes

[5] kóngi ‘king’: The form is necessary for the rhyme with sungu ‘sang’.

kunnigt ‘well-known’

(not checked:)
kunnigr (adj.; °acc. kunngan/kunnigan; compar. -ari; superl. -astr): known

[6] kunnigt: kunnugt Vb, 41 8°ˣ, 4892, kunnig 705ˣ

lof ‘praise’

(not checked:)
lof (noun n.; °-s; -): praise, leave, permission

þar ‘’

(not checked:)
þar (adv.): there

er ‘where’

(not checked:)
2. er (conj.): who, which, when

[6] er: om. 99a, Vb, 41 8°ˣ, 4892

hirðar ‘shepherds’

(not checked:)
hirð (noun f.; °-ar; -ir/-ar(FskB 53)): retinue

[6] hirðar: so 99a, 622, Vb, 41 8°ˣ, hirðir Bb, ‘h[...]’ 713

notes

[6] hirðar ‘shepherds’: It is necessary to adopt hirðar here (rather than Bb’s hirðir, nom. sg.), as the verb is pl.

unnu ‘’

(not checked:)
1. unna (verb): love

runnu ‘ran about’

(not checked:)
2. renna (verb): run (strong)

[6] runnu: unnu Vb, 4892

notes

[6] runnu ‘ran about’: Lit. ‘ran’, but the sense is ‘moved about’, ‘performed their work’.

himna ‘of the heavens’

(not checked:)
himinn (noun m.; °himins, dat. himni; himnar): heaven, sky

notes

[7] himna dýrðin hneigð á jörðu ‘of the heavens the glory [has] sunk down on earth’: This is the reading of Bb, and lacks a finite verb. Skj B and Skald follow a number of mss in reading himna dýrð er hneigð at jǫrðu ‘the glory of the heavens has sunk down to the earth’.

dýrðin ‘the glory’

(not checked:)
dýrð (noun f.; °-ar/-a(NoDipl(1279) 44²); -ir): glory

[7] dýrðin: dýrð er 99a, 622, 713, 705ˣ, 4892, dýrð var Vb, 41 8°ˣ

notes

[7] himna dýrðin hneigð á jörðu ‘of the heavens the glory [has] sunk down on earth’: This is the reading of Bb, and lacks a finite verb. Skj B and Skald follow a number of mss in reading himna dýrð er hneigð at jǫrðu ‘the glory of the heavens has sunk down to the earth’.

hneigð ‘sunk’

(not checked:)
hníga (verb): sink, fall

[7] hneigð: hengið 41 8°ˣ

notes

[7] himna dýrðin hneigð á jörðu ‘of the heavens the glory [has] sunk down on earth’: This is the reading of Bb, and lacks a finite verb. Skj B and Skald follow a number of mss in reading himna dýrð er hneigð at jǫrðu ‘the glory of the heavens has sunk down to the earth’.

á ‘down’

(not checked:)
3. á (prep.): on, at

[7] á: að 99a, Vb, 41 8°ˣ, 705ˣ

notes

[7] himna dýrðin hneigð á jörðu ‘of the heavens the glory [has] sunk down on earth’: This is the reading of Bb, and lacks a finite verb. Skj B and Skald follow a number of mss in reading himna dýrð er hneigð at jǫrðu ‘the glory of the heavens has sunk down to the earth’.

jörðu ‘on earth’

(not checked:)
jǫrð (noun f.; °jarðar, dat. -u; jarðir/jarðar(DN I (1367) 304)): ground, earth

notes

[7] himna dýrðin hneigð á jörðu ‘of the heavens the glory [has] sunk down on earth’: This is the reading of Bb, and lacks a finite verb. Skj B and Skald follow a number of mss in reading himna dýrð er hneigð at jǫrðu ‘the glory of the heavens has sunk down to the earth’.

hier ‘here’

(not checked:)
hér (adv.): here

sam ‘’

(not checked:)
samr (adj.; °compar. -ari): same < samtengja (verb)

notes

[8]: The rhyme is between -eing- (samteingduz) and eing- (einglar) (JH).

teingduz ‘were united’

(not checked:)
tengja (verb): unite, join < samtengja (verb)

notes

[8]: The rhyme is between -eing- (samteingduz) and eing- (einglar) (JH).

menn ‘men’

(not checked:)
maðr (noun m.): man, person

og ‘and’

(not checked:)
3. ok (conj.): and, but; also

einglar ‘angels’

(not checked:)
1. engill (noun m.; °engils; englar): angel

notes

[8]: The rhyme is between -eing- (samteingduz) and eing- (einglar) (JH).

Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses

verse
prose

[5-8]: Cf. Luke II.8-14: et pastores erant in regione eadem vigilantes et custodientes vigilias noctis supra gregem suum et ecce angelus Domini stetit iuxta illos et claritas Dei circumfulsit illos et timuerunt timore magno … et subito facta est cum angelo multitudo militiae caelestis laudantium Deum et dicentium gloria in altissimis Deo et in terra pax in hominibus bonae voluntatis ‘And there were in the same country shepherds watching and keeping the night watches over their flock. And behold an angel of the Lord stood by them and the brightness of God shone round about them: and they feared with a great fear … And suddenly there was with the angel a multitude of the heavenly army, praising God and saying: Glory to God in the highest: and on earth peace to men of good will’. — [5-8]: In Vb, 41ˣ, and 4892, ll. 1-4 of st. 35 follow ll. 1-4 of st. 34, followed by ll. 5-8 of st. 34 and ll. 5-8 of st. 35.

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