Eskál Vell 20I
Edith Marold (ed.) 2012, ‘Einarr skálaglamm Helgason, Vellekla 20’ in Diana Whaley (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 1. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 307.
lézk ‘declared himself’
valdr ‘The controller’
kennings
Valdr morðs haulda‘The controller of the killing of men ’
= RULER = Hákon jarl
the killing of men → BATTLE
The controller of the BATTLE → RULER = Hákon jarl
ef ‘if’
vildi ‘wanted’
val ‘of the battle-slain’
1. valr (noun m.; °dat. -i; -ir): corpse, the slain < valmær (noun f.)
kennings
valmey;‘the maiden of the battle-slain; ’
= VALKYRIE = Hildr
the maiden of the battle-slain; → VALKYRIE = Hildr
notes
[2] valmey ‘the maiden of the battle-slain [VALKYRIE = Hildr (hildr “battle”)]’: This cpd is the object of heyja ‘wage, hold, carry out’, and the sense ‘battle’ is produced by ofljóst, since a famous valkyrie is Hildr, whose name is also a common noun meaning ‘battle’. See further Notes to Eyv Hál 7/2, ÞjóðA Mfl 8/5, 6II.
kennings
valmey;‘the maiden of the battle-slain; ’
= VALKYRIE = Hildr
the maiden of the battle-slain; → VALKYRIE = Hildr
notes
[2] valmey ‘the maiden of the battle-slain [VALKYRIE = Hildr (hildr “battle”)]’: This cpd is the object of heyja ‘wage, hold, carry out’, and the sense ‘battle’ is produced by ofljóst, since a famous valkyrie is Hildr, whose name is also a common noun meaning ‘battle’. See further Notes to Eyv Hál 7/2, ÞjóðA Mfl 8/5, 6II.
konungr ‘the king’
notes
[2] konungr ‘the king’: Ragnfrøðr Eiríksson. His designation as king is somewhat unexpected, but could be explained by his ambition for power (see Context to st. 18), his royal descent (as a grandson of Haraldr hárfagri), and the fact that he was holding several regions south of Trondheim (see Context to st. 21).
heyja ‘to wage’
haulda ‘of men’
kennings
Valdr morðs haulda‘The controller of the killing of men ’
= RULER = Hákon jarl
the killing of men → BATTLE
The controller of the BATTLE → RULER = Hákon jarl
haulda ‘of men’
kennings
Valdr morðs haulda‘The controller of the killing of men ’
= RULER = Hákon jarl
the killing of men → BATTLE
The controller of the BATTLE → RULER = Hákon jarl
haulda ‘of men’
kennings
Valdr morðs haulda‘The controller of the killing of men ’
= RULER = Hákon jarl
the killing of men → BATTLE
The controller of the BATTLE → RULER = Hákon jarl
haulda ‘of men’
kennings
Valdr morðs haulda‘The controller of the killing of men ’
= RULER = Hákon jarl
the killing of men → BATTLE
The controller of the BATTLE → RULER = Hákon jarl
Njǫrðr ‘’
morðs ‘of the killing’
1. morð (noun n.; °-s; -): killing, battle
[3] morðs: so FskAˣ, 52ˣ, 301ˣ, njǫrðr FskBˣ, 51ˣ, 302ˣ
kennings
Valdr morðs haulda‘The controller of the killing of men ’
= RULER = Hákon jarl
the killing of men → BATTLE
The controller of the BATTLE → RULER = Hákon jarl
morðs ‘of the killing’
1. morð (noun n.; °-s; -): killing, battle
[3] morðs: so FskAˣ, 52ˣ, 301ˣ, njǫrðr FskBˣ, 51ˣ, 302ˣ
kennings
Valdr morðs haulda‘The controller of the killing of men ’
= RULER = Hákon jarl
the killing of men → BATTLE
The controller of the BATTLE → RULER = Hákon jarl
halda ‘hold’
notes
[3, 4] halda velli ‘hold the field’: The phrase is interpreted either as waiting for the opponent in battle formation (Konráð Gíslason 1895-7, I, 138) or holding the field, resisting (Skj B; LP: halda 2). Cf. also Eyv Hák 12/5.
fell ‘fell’
of ‘around’
gram ‘the ruler’
notes
[3, 4] halda velli ‘hold the field’: The phrase is interpreted either as waiting for the opponent in battle formation (Konráð Gíslason 1895-7, I, 138) or holding the field, resisting (Skj B; LP: halda 2). Cf. also Eyv Hák 12/5.
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