Eskál Hardr 1III
R. D. Fulk (ed.) 2017, ‘Einarr skálaglamm Helgason, Haraldsdrápa blátannar 1’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 137.
Lið ‘limb’
(not checked:)
liðr (noun m.; °-ar/-s, dat. -i/-; -ir, acc. liðu): joint, limb < liðbrandr (noun m.): [limb-fires]
kennings
liðbrǫndum;‘limb-fires; ’
= ARM-RINGS
limb-fires; → ARM-RINGS
notes
[1, 2] kná granda liðbrǫndum ‘harms limb-fires [ARM-RINGS]’: The meaning is that he is generous, since he breaks pieces off armlets of gold to distribute.
brǫndum ‘fires’
(not checked:)
brandr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): sword, prow; fire < liðbrandr (noun m.): [limb-fires]
kennings
liðbrǫndum;‘limb-fires; ’
= ARM-RINGS
limb-fires; → ARM-RINGS
notes
[1, 2] kná granda liðbrǫndum ‘harms limb-fires [ARM-RINGS]’: The meaning is that he is generous, since he breaks pieces off armlets of gold to distribute.
kná ‘’
(not checked:)
knega (verb): to know, understand, be able to
[1] kná: ‘ligr kna’ B(3v), ‘l[…] kna’ B(5v), ‘l . gr kna’ 744ˣ(35r)
notes
[1, 2] kná granda liðbrǫndum ‘harms limb-fires [ARM-RINGS]’: The meaning is that he is generous, since he breaks pieces off armlets of gold to distribute.
kennings
Landfrœkn jǫfurr Lundar‘The land-valiant prince of Lund ’
= DANISH KING
The land-valiant prince of Lund → DANISH KING
notes
[1-2] landfrœkn jǫfurr Lundar ‘the land-valiant prince of Lund [DANISH KING]’: Lund is in Skåne, now in southern Sweden, though it was under Danish rule until 1658. The ms. readings are retained here, as by Finnur Jónsson (1891a, 181-2), despite his reservations about the construction. In Skj B Finnur follows Konráð Gíslason (1892, 100, but cf. Finnur Jónsson 1891a, 181-2, defending the ms. reading, though conceding that the construction is unusual) in emending land- to lands, so that the reference is to frœkn jǫfurr lands Lundar ‘the valiant prince of the land of Lund’. Kock (NN §2239) argues that landfrœkn ‘land-valiant’ is comparable to víðfrœkn ‘widely-valiant’ and þjóðsterkr ‘mightily-strong’, and the construction ‘the land of Lund’ is unusual.
kennings
Landfrœkn jǫfurr Lundar‘The land-valiant prince of Lund ’
= DANISH KING
The land-valiant prince of Lund → DANISH KING
notes
[1-2] landfrœkn jǫfurr Lundar ‘the land-valiant prince of Lund [DANISH KING]’: Lund is in Skåne, now in southern Sweden, though it was under Danish rule until 1658. The ms. readings are retained here, as by Finnur Jónsson (1891a, 181-2), despite his reservations about the construction. In Skj B Finnur follows Konráð Gíslason (1892, 100, but cf. Finnur Jónsson 1891a, 181-2, defending the ms. reading, though conceding that the construction is unusual) in emending land- to lands, so that the reference is to frœkn jǫfurr lands Lundar ‘the valiant prince of the land of Lund’. Kock (NN §2239) argues that landfrœkn ‘land-valiant’ is comparable to víðfrœkn ‘widely-valiant’ and þjóðsterkr ‘mightily-strong’, and the construction ‘the land of Lund’ is unusual.
frœkn ‘valiant’
(not checked:)
frœkn (adj.): brave, bold < landfrœkn (adj.)
kennings
Landfrœkn jǫfurr Lundar‘The land-valiant prince of Lund ’
= DANISH KING
The land-valiant prince of Lund → DANISH KING
notes
[1-2] landfrœkn jǫfurr Lundar ‘the land-valiant prince of Lund [DANISH KING]’: Lund is in Skåne, now in southern Sweden, though it was under Danish rule until 1658. The ms. readings are retained here, as by Finnur Jónsson (1891a, 181-2), despite his reservations about the construction. In Skj B Finnur follows Konráð Gíslason (1892, 100, but cf. Finnur Jónsson 1891a, 181-2, defending the ms. reading, though conceding that the construction is unusual) in emending land- to lands, so that the reference is to frœkn jǫfurr lands Lundar ‘the valiant prince of the land of Lund’. Kock (NN §2239) argues that landfrœkn ‘land-valiant’ is comparable to víðfrœkn ‘widely-valiant’ and þjóðsterkr ‘mightily-strong’, and the construction ‘the land of Lund’ is unusual.
jǫfurr ‘prince’
(not checked:)
jǫfurr (noun m.): ruler, prince
kennings
Landfrœkn jǫfurr Lundar‘The land-valiant prince of Lund ’
= DANISH KING
The land-valiant prince of Lund → DANISH KING
notes
[1-2] landfrœkn jǫfurr Lundar ‘the land-valiant prince of Lund [DANISH KING]’: Lund is in Skåne, now in southern Sweden, though it was under Danish rule until 1658. The ms. readings are retained here, as by Finnur Jónsson (1891a, 181-2), despite his reservations about the construction. In Skj B Finnur follows Konráð Gíslason (1892, 100, but cf. Finnur Jónsson 1891a, 181-2, defending the ms. reading, though conceding that the construction is unusual) in emending land- to lands, so that the reference is to frœkn jǫfurr lands Lundar ‘the valiant prince of the land of Lund’. Kock (NN §2239) argues that landfrœkn ‘land-valiant’ is comparable to víðfrœkn ‘widely-valiant’ and þjóðsterkr ‘mightily-strong’, and the construction ‘the land of Lund’ is unusual.
notes
[1, 2] kná granda liðbrǫndum ‘harms limb-fires [ARM-RINGS]’: The meaning is that he is generous, since he breaks pieces off armlets of gold to distribute.
hykka ‘I do not think that’
(not checked:)
2. hyggja (verb): think, consider
[3] hykka (‘hycka ec’): ‘[…]’ B(3v), hykkað ek B(5v), ‘hýck . d ek’ 744ˣ(18r)
ræsis ‘of the chieftain’
(not checked:)
ræsir (noun m.): ruler
rekka ‘for the warriors’
(not checked:)
rekkr (noun m.; °; -ar): man, champion
Rínar ‘of the Rhine’
(not checked:)
Rín (noun f.): [Rhine]
kennings
grjót Rínar‘the stones of the Rhine ’
= GOLD
the stones of the Rhine → GOLD
notes
[4] grjót Rínar ‘the stones of the Rhine <river> [GOLD]’: In the best-known legend of the early Germanic world, the fateful gold of the Niflungar, the curse on which brought death to many, was finally sunk in the Rhine, never to be found again. The tale is told succinctly in Skm (SnE 1998, I, 46-9).
grjót ‘the stones’
(not checked:)
grjót (noun n.): rock, stone
kennings
grjót Rínar‘the stones of the Rhine ’
= GOLD
the stones of the Rhine → GOLD
notes
[4] grjót Rínar ‘the stones of the Rhine <river> [GOLD]’: In the best-known legend of the early Germanic world, the fateful gold of the Niflungar, the curse on which brought death to many, was finally sunk in the Rhine, never to be found again. The tale is told succinctly in Skm (SnE 1998, I, 46-9).
of ‘’
(not checked:)
4. of (particle): (before verb)
þrjóta ‘run short’
(not checked:)
þrjóta (verb; str. 2; þrýtr, þraut, þrutu, þrotinn): end, fail
[4] þrjóta: so all others, þrjóti R
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The helmingr is cited to illustrate a kenning referring to gold.
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