Eldjárn, Lausavísur 1

Kari Ellen Gade

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Eldj Lv 1^II

Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2009, ‘Eldjárn, Lausavísur 1’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 406-7.

Eldjárn Lausavísur

1 2

[3] Vest (‘vestu’): so H, Hr, verðr Mork, ‘verstv’ F, verðu E, J2ˣ, 42ˣ

nú ‘now’

(not checked:)
nú (adv.): now

þótt ‘although’

(not checked:)
þótt (conj.): although

[3] þótt: þó Hr

kjǫl ‘the keel’

(not checked:)
kjǫlr (noun m.; °kjalar, dat. kili; kjǫlir): keel, ship

kosti ‘is sorely tried’

(not checked:)
1. kosta (verb): try, strive

knár ‘active’

(not checked:)
knár (adj.; °compar. -ri, superl. -str): [behaved, active]

riddari ‘knight’

(not checked:)
riddari (noun m.; °-a; -ar): knight

inn ‘’

(not checked:)
2. inn (art.): the

hári ‘hoary’

(not checked:)
hárr (adj.): grey

Þats ‘It’s’

(not checked:)
2. er (conj.): who, which, when

[5] Þats (‘þat er’): hitt er E, J2ˣ, 42ˣ

satt ‘true’

(not checked:)
2. sannr (adj.; °-an; compar. -ari, superl. -astr): true

at ‘that’

(not checked:)
4. at (conj.): that

[5] at: om. 2368ˣ, 743ˣ

býðk ‘I tell’

(not checked:)
biðja (verb; °biðr; bað, báðu; beðinn (beiþ- Martin¹ 573, bỏþ- HákEirsp 661, cf. ed. intr. xl)): ask for, order, pray

byttu ‘the bucket’

(not checked:)
bytta (noun f.; °-u; -ur): [bucket]

breið ‘the broad-’

(not checked:)
breiðr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): broad, wide < breiðhúfaðr (adj.)

kennings

breiðhúfuðum hesti hvaljarðar.
‘the broad-hulled horse of the whale-land.’
= SHIP
the whale-land. → SEA
the broad-hulled horse of the SEA → SHIP

notes

[6] breiðhúfuðum (m. dat. sg.) ‘broad-hulled’: Hap. leg. Kock (NN §916) takes this adj., which he derives from húfa (f.) ‘cap’ with Giffarði (m. dat. sg.) (l. 8) ‘broad-capped Giffarðr’. For the second element in this cpd (húf- lit. ‘hull’), see Note to Mberf Lv 1/3.

húfuðum ‘hulled’

(not checked:)
húfaðr (adj.): [hull, hulled] < breiðhúfaðr (adj.)

[6] ‑húfuðum: so H, Hr, 2368ˣ, 743ˣ, ‑húfuðu Mork, húfum þér F, E, J2ˣ, 42ˣ

kennings

breiðhúfuðum hesti hvaljarðar.
‘the broad-hulled horse of the whale-land.’
= SHIP
the whale-land. → SEA
the broad-hulled horse of the SEA → SHIP

notes

reiða ‘to swing’

(not checked:)
2. reiða (verb): carry

austrs ‘the bilge-water is’

(not checked:)
1. austr (noun m.; °austrar, dat. austri; gen. austra): bilge-water, baling

til ‘too’

(not checked:)
til (prep.): to

hár ‘high’

(not checked:)
3. hár (adj.; °-van; compar. hǽrri, superl. hǽstr): high

í ‘in’

(not checked:)
í (prep.): in, into

[7] í: so H, Hr, E, J2ˣ, 42ˣ, 2368ˣ, 743ˣ, of Mork, á F

hesti ‘horse’

(not checked:)
hestr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): horse, stallion

kennings

breiðhúfuðum hesti hvaljarðar.
‘the broad-hulled horse of the whale-land.’
= SHIP
the whale-land. → SEA
the broad-hulled horse of the SEA → SHIP

hval ‘of the whale’

(not checked:)
hvalr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-; -ir/-ar): whale < hvaljǫrð (noun f.): [whale-land]

kennings

breiðhúfuðum hesti hvaljarðar.
‘the broad-hulled horse of the whale-land.’
= SHIP
the whale-land. → SEA
the broad-hulled horse of the SEA → SHIP

hval ‘of the whale’

(not checked:)
hvalr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-; -ir/-ar): whale < hvaljǫrð (noun f.): [whale-land]

kennings

breiðhúfuðum hesti hvaljarðar.
‘the broad-hulled horse of the whale-land.’
= SHIP
the whale-land. → SEA
the broad-hulled horse of the SEA → SHIP

jarðar ‘land’

(not checked:)
jǫrð (noun f.; °jarðar, dat. -u; jarðir/jarðar(DN I (1367) 304)): ground, earth < hvaljǫrð (noun f.): [whale-land]

kennings

breiðhúfuðum hesti hvaljarðar.
‘the broad-hulled horse of the whale-land.’
= SHIP
the whale-land. → SEA
the broad-hulled horse of the SEA → SHIP

jarðar ‘land’

(not checked:)
jǫrð (noun f.; °jarðar, dat. -u; jarðir/jarðar(DN I (1367) 304)): ground, earth < hvaljǫrð (noun f.): [whale-land]

kennings

breiðhúfuðum hesti hvaljarðar.
‘the broad-hulled horse of the whale-land.’
= SHIP
the whale-land. → SEA
the broad-hulled horse of the SEA → SHIP

Giffarði ‘Giffarðr’

(not checked:)
Giffarðr (noun m.): Giffarðr

[8] Giffarði: ‘giparði’ F, 42ˣ, ‘giparðe’ E, ‘Giparðe’ J2ˣ, ‘giafarde’ 2368ˣ, 743ˣ

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verse
prose

Eldjárn recites this st. on the journey to England to taunt the Norman knight Giffarðr. In LaufE, the second helmingr is used to illustrate that hestr hvaljarðar ‘horse of the whale-land’ is a kenning for ‘ship’.

[5-8]: The helmingr in LaufE must have been excerpted from a saga about Magnús berfœttr: skip heiter hestur hual jardar, so sem kuad Elldjarn jslendske, j sogu Magnusar kongs ‘a ship is called a horse of the whale-land, as Eldjárn the Icelander said in the saga of King Magnús’ (LaufE 1979, 395). — [8]: For Giffarðr, see Notes to Mberf Lv 2/2 and Anon (Mberf) 5/2.

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Eldj Lv 1II

Hví ‘Why’

samir ‘fitting’

hitt ‘is it’

at ‘to’

dúsa ‘take it easy’

hirðmanni ‘retainer’

geðstirðum ‘for a strong-minded’

Vest ‘Be’

nú ‘now’

þótt ‘although’

kjǫl ‘the keel’

kosti ‘is sorely tried’

knár ‘active’

riddari ‘knight’

inn ‘’

hári ‘hoary’

Þats ‘It’s’

satt ‘true’

at ‘that’

býðk ‘I tell’

byttu ‘the bucket’

breið ‘the broad-’

kennings

notes

húfuðum ‘hulled’

kennings

notes

reiða ‘to swing’

austrs ‘the bilge-water is’

til ‘too’

hár ‘high’

í ‘in’

hesti ‘horse’

kennings

hval ‘of the whale’

kennings

hval ‘of the whale’

kennings

jarðar ‘land’

kennings

jarðar ‘land’

kennings

Giffarði ‘Giffarðr’

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Eldj Lv 1^II