Eil Þdr 22III
Edith Marold (ed.) 2017, ‘Eilífr Goðrúnarson, Þórsdrápa 22’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 123.
Vreiðr ‘furious’
(not checked:)
4. reiðr (adj.; °superl. -astr): angry
stóð ‘stood’
(not checked:)
standa (verb): stand
Vrǫsku ‘of Rǫskva’
(not checked:)
Rǫskva (noun f.): Rǫskva
kennings
Bróðir Vrǫsku‘The brother of Rǫskva ’
= Þjálfi
The brother of Rǫskva → Þjálfi
notes
[1] Vrǫsku ‘of Rǫskva’: According to Snorri, the two children Þjálfi and Rǫskva were given to Þórr as servants as compensation for an incident in which Þjálfi injured one of Þórr’s goats, causing it to limp (Gylf, SnE 2005, 37). In ARG II, 332, Rǫskva’s name is connected with Goth. wrisqan ‘bear fruit’ (cf. ON rǫskvast ‘grow, ripen’), and she could have been a goddess of fertility. The name can be reconstructed as Gmc *Wraskwō, an agent noun meaning ‘ripener, ripening one’. — [1] Vrǫsku … vreiðr ‘of Rǫskva … furious’: All eds agree that, because alliteration falls on v- (vá) in l. 2, initial and archaic v- must be restored in the alliterating words Vrǫsku and vreiðr (l. 1) as well (cf. ANG §288 Anm. 1). The mss have (normalised) Rǫsku and reiðr.
Vrǫsku ‘of Rǫskva’
(not checked:)
Rǫskva (noun f.): Rǫskva
kennings
Bróðir Vrǫsku‘The brother of Rǫskva ’
= Þjálfi
The brother of Rǫskva → Þjálfi
notes
[1] Vrǫsku ‘of Rǫskva’: According to Snorri, the two children Þjálfi and Rǫskva were given to Þórr as servants as compensation for an incident in which Þjálfi injured one of Þórr’s goats, causing it to limp (Gylf, SnE 2005, 37). In ARG II, 332, Rǫskva’s name is connected with Goth. wrisqan ‘bear fruit’ (cf. ON rǫskvast ‘grow, ripen’), and she could have been a goddess of fertility. The name can be reconstructed as Gmc *Wraskwō, an agent noun meaning ‘ripener, ripening one’. — [1] Vrǫsku … vreiðr ‘of Rǫskva … furious’: All eds agree that, because alliteration falls on v- (vá) in l. 2, initial and archaic v- must be restored in the alliterating words Vrǫsku and vreiðr (l. 1) as well (cf. ANG §288 Anm. 1). The mss have (normalised) Rǫsku and reiðr.
bróðir ‘The brother’
kennings
Bróðir Vrǫsku‘The brother of Rǫskva ’
= Þjálfi
The brother of Rǫskva → Þjálfi
gagn ‘victory’
(not checked:)
1. gagn (noun n.): victory
faðir ‘the father’
(not checked:)
faðir (noun m.): father
kennings
faðir Magna‘the father of Magni ’
= Þórr
the father of Magni → Þórr
Magna ‘of Magni’
(not checked:)
Magni (noun m.): Magni
kennings
faðir Magna‘the father of Magni ’
= Þórr
the father of Magni → Þórr
notes
[3] skelfra ‘trembles’: Lit. ‘does not tremble’ (3rd pers. sg. pres. indic. plus the negation ‑a). The negation ‑a reinforces the né linking Þórs né Þjalfa. Unlike in st. 11/7, where skalfa appears in the pret., the verb in this helmingr is in the pres. tense and this may have to do with the rhyme. In st. 11 the second helmingr has aðalhending in all lines; hence Þjalfa would rhyme with the pret. skalfa. The present helmingr has the usual alternation of skot- and aðalhending, and skelfra rhymes with Þjalfa. Kock (NN §2246) rejects skelfr because, in his opinion, a stef should not contain any changes, but this argument is not strong enough to overturn the evidence of most of the mss (R, Tˣ, W) in favour of the reading of U, skalf eigi ‘did not tremble’.
Þórs ‘of neither Þórr’
(not checked:)
Þórr (noun m.): Thor; giant, ogre, monster
né ‘nor’
(not checked:)
né (conj.): nor
Þjalfa ‘Þjálfi’
(not checked:)
þjalfi (noun m.): Þjálfi, enclosure
kennings
steinn þróttar‘the stone of valour ’
= HEART
the stone of valour → HEART
notes
[4] steinn þróttar ‘the stone of valour [HEART]’: See Note to st. 11/8.
steinn ‘the stone’
(not checked:)
steinn (noun m.; °steins; steinar): stone, colour
kennings
steinn þróttar‘the stone of valour ’
= HEART
the stone of valour → HEART
notes
[4] steinn þróttar ‘the stone of valour [HEART]’: See Note to st. 11/8.
við ‘with’
(not checked:)
2. við (prep.): with, against
ótta ‘terror’
(not checked:)
ótti (noun m.; °-a): fear
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
The stanza is cited among stanzas illustrating kennings for Þórr in Skm (SnE).
The last two lines of this helmingr, which is transmitted in a different location in Skm than the other stanzas of Þdr, are similar to st. 11/7-8, which shows that this is a stef-stanza.
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