Edáð Banddr 5I
Russell Poole (ed.) 2012, ‘Eyjólfr dáðaskáld, Bandadrápa 5’ in Diana Whaley (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 1. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 463.
Sterir ‘’
kennings
Stœrir gumna‘ The strengthener of men ’
= RULER
The strengthener of men → RULER
lét ‘let’
(not checked:)
láta (verb): let, have sth done
notes
[1] at Stauri ‘off Staurr’: CPB II, 52, followed tentatively by ÍF 26, 399, identifies this with Staber (Dan. Staver), in the south-east of the southern Baltic island of Fehmarn (Dan. Femern), Schleswig-Holstein (cf. Ohlmarks 1958, 508). See also Note to ll. 1-2. — [1-2] lét hǫfuð stafnviggs liggja at Stauri ‘let the head of the prow-horse [SHIP] lie off Staurr’: The word hǫfuð ‘head’ may be literal here, denoting a zoomorphic prow-ornament (cf. Jesch 2001a, 145). It may also extend the imagery of the kenning ‘horse of the sea’ in combination with the p. n. Staurr, since staurr m. means ‘stake’: the ship is moored to a jetty or mooring post like a horse tethered to a stake.
lét ‘let’
(not checked:)
láta (verb): let, have sth done
notes
[1] at Stauri ‘off Staurr’: CPB II, 52, followed tentatively by ÍF 26, 399, identifies this with Staber (Dan. Staver), in the south-east of the southern Baltic island of Fehmarn (Dan. Femern), Schleswig-Holstein (cf. Ohlmarks 1958, 508). See also Note to ll. 1-2. — [1-2] lét hǫfuð stafnviggs liggja at Stauri ‘let the head of the prow-horse [SHIP] lie off Staurr’: The word hǫfuð ‘head’ may be literal here, denoting a zoomorphic prow-ornament (cf. Jesch 2001a, 145). It may also extend the imagery of the kenning ‘horse of the sea’ in combination with the p. n. Staurr, since staurr m. means ‘stake’: the ship is moored to a jetty or mooring post like a horse tethered to a stake.
af ‘’
(not checked:)
af (prep.): from
notes
[1] at Stauri ‘off Staurr’: CPB II, 52, followed tentatively by ÍF 26, 399, identifies this with Staber (Dan. Staver), in the south-east of the southern Baltic island of Fehmarn (Dan. Femern), Schleswig-Holstein (cf. Ohlmarks 1958, 508). See also Note to ll. 1-2. — [1-2] lét hǫfuð stafnviggs liggja at Stauri ‘let the head of the prow-horse [SHIP] lie off Staurr’: The word hǫfuð ‘head’ may be literal here, denoting a zoomorphic prow-ornament (cf. Jesch 2001a, 145). It may also extend the imagery of the kenning ‘horse of the sea’ in combination with the p. n. Staurr, since staurr m. means ‘stake’: the ship is moored to a jetty or mooring post like a horse tethered to a stake.
notes
[1] at Stauri ‘off Staurr’: CPB II, 52, followed tentatively by ÍF 26, 399, identifies this with Staber (Dan. Staver), in the south-east of the southern Baltic island of Fehmarn (Dan. Femern), Schleswig-Holstein (cf. Ohlmarks 1958, 508). See also Note to ll. 1-2. — [1-2] lét hǫfuð stafnviggs liggja at Stauri ‘let the head of the prow-horse [SHIP] lie off Staurr’: The word hǫfuð ‘head’ may be literal here, denoting a zoomorphic prow-ornament (cf. Jesch 2001a, 145). It may also extend the imagery of the kenning ‘horse of the sea’ in combination with the p. n. Staurr, since staurr m. means ‘stake’: the ship is moored to a jetty or mooring post like a horse tethered to a stake.
stýri ‘’
(not checked:)
stýrir (noun m.): ruler, controller
notes
[1] at Stauri ‘off Staurr’: CPB II, 52, followed tentatively by ÍF 26, 399, identifies this with Staber (Dan. Staver), in the south-east of the southern Baltic island of Fehmarn (Dan. Femern), Schleswig-Holstein (cf. Ohlmarks 1958, 508). See also Note to ll. 1-2. — [1-2] lét hǫfuð stafnviggs liggja at Stauri ‘let the head of the prow-horse [SHIP] lie off Staurr’: The word hǫfuð ‘head’ may be literal here, denoting a zoomorphic prow-ornament (cf. Jesch 2001a, 145). It may also extend the imagery of the kenning ‘horse of the sea’ in combination with the p. n. Staurr, since staurr m. means ‘stake’: the ship is moored to a jetty or mooring post like a horse tethered to a stake.
notes
[1] at Stauri ‘off Staurr’: CPB II, 52, followed tentatively by ÍF 26, 399, identifies this with Staber (Dan. Staver), in the south-east of the southern Baltic island of Fehmarn (Dan. Femern), Schleswig-Holstein (cf. Ohlmarks 1958, 508). See also Note to ll. 1-2. — [1-2] lét hǫfuð stafnviggs liggja at Stauri ‘let the head of the prow-horse [SHIP] lie off Staurr’: The word hǫfuð ‘head’ may be literal here, denoting a zoomorphic prow-ornament (cf. Jesch 2001a, 145). It may also extend the imagery of the kenning ‘horse of the sea’ in combination with the p. n. Staurr, since staurr m. means ‘stake’: the ship is moored to a jetty or mooring post like a horse tethered to a stake.
stafn ‘of the prow’
(not checked:)
stafn (noun m.; °dat. -i/-; -ar): prow < stafnvigg (noun n.)stafn (noun m.; °dat. -i/-; -ar): prow < stafnvíg (noun n.)
kennings
stafnviggs‘of the prow-horse ’
= SHIP
the prow-horse → SHIP
notes
[1-2] lét hǫfuð stafnviggs liggja at Stauri ‘let the head of the prow-horse [SHIP] lie off Staurr’: The word hǫfuð ‘head’ may be literal here, denoting a zoomorphic prow-ornament (cf. Jesch 2001a, 145). It may also extend the imagery of the kenning ‘horse of the sea’ in combination with the p. n. Staurr, since staurr m. means ‘stake’: the ship is moored to a jetty or mooring post like a horse tethered to a stake.
vígs ‘’
(not checked:)
víg (noun n.; °-s; -): battle < stafnvíg (noun n.)
viggs ‘horse’
(not checked:)
vigg (noun n.): steed < stafnvigg (noun n.)
[2] ‑viggs: vígs F, J1ˣ, 61, 53, 54, Bb, Flat
kennings
stafnviggs‘of the prow-horse ’
= SHIP
the prow-horse → SHIP
notes
[1-2] lét hǫfuð stafnviggs liggja at Stauri ‘let the head of the prow-horse [SHIP] lie off Staurr’: The word hǫfuð ‘head’ may be literal here, denoting a zoomorphic prow-ornament (cf. Jesch 2001a, 145). It may also extend the imagery of the kenning ‘horse of the sea’ in combination with the p. n. Staurr, since staurr m. means ‘stake’: the ship is moored to a jetty or mooring post like a horse tethered to a stake.
hofð ‘’
hǫfn ‘’
(not checked:)
1. hǫfn (noun f.; °hafnar; hafnir(/hafnar(Streng 234³²)): haven, harbour
hǫfuð ‘the head’
(not checked:)
hǫfuð (noun n.; °-s; -): head
[2] hǫfuð: so F, J1ˣ, 61, 54, Bb, Flat, hǫfn Kˣ, ‘hofð’ 53
notes
[1-2] lét hǫfuð stafnviggs liggja at Stauri ‘let the head of the prow-horse [SHIP] lie off Staurr’: The word hǫfuð ‘head’ may be literal here, denoting a zoomorphic prow-ornament (cf. Jesch 2001a, 145). It may also extend the imagery of the kenning ‘horse of the sea’ in combination with the p. n. Staurr, since staurr m. means ‘stake’: the ship is moored to a jetty or mooring post like a horse tethered to a stake.
liggja ‘lie’
(not checked:)
liggja (verb): lie
notes
[1-2] lét hǫfuð stafnviggs liggja at Stauri ‘let the head of the prow-horse [SHIP] lie off Staurr’: The word hǫfuð ‘head’ may be literal here, denoting a zoomorphic prow-ornament (cf. Jesch 2001a, 145). It may also extend the imagery of the kenning ‘horse of the sea’ in combination with the p. n. Staurr, since staurr m. means ‘stake’: the ship is moored to a jetty or mooring post like a horse tethered to a stake.
gramr ‘the ruler’
(not checked:)
1. gramr (noun m.): ruler
[3] gramr: so F, J1ˣ, J2ˣ, 61, 53, 54, Bb, Flat, ‘gram(r)’(?) Kˣ
notes
[3] gramr vélti svá ‘the ruler arranged it in this way’: The verb véla has two distinct meanings which reflect separate etymologies: either ‘deal with, arrange, manage’ (Fritzner: véla 2; AEW: véla 1) or ‘trick, betray’ (Fritzner: véla 1; AEW: véla 2). Ohlmarks (1958, 509) assumes the latter here, suggesting that Eyjólfr is alluding to some kind of surprise attack on Eiríkr’s part.
vélti ‘arranged it’
(not checked:)
véla (verb): betray, trick
notes
[3] gramr vélti svá ‘the ruler arranged it in this way’: The verb véla has two distinct meanings which reflect separate etymologies: either ‘deal with, arrange, manage’ (Fritzner: véla 2; AEW: véla 1) or ‘trick, betray’ (Fritzner: véla 1; AEW: véla 2). Ohlmarks (1958, 509) assumes the latter here, suggesting that Eyjólfr is alluding to some kind of surprise attack on Eiríkr’s part.
notes
[3] gramr vélti svá ‘the ruler arranged it in this way’: The verb véla has two distinct meanings which reflect separate etymologies: either ‘deal with, arrange, manage’ (Fritzner: véla 2; AEW: véla 1) or ‘trick, betray’ (Fritzner: véla 1; AEW: véla 2). Ohlmarks (1958, 509) assumes the latter here, suggesting that Eyjólfr is alluding to some kind of surprise attack on Eiríkr’s part.
gumna ‘of men’
(not checked:)
gumi (noun m.; °-a; gumar/gumnar): man
kennings
Stœrir gumna‘ The strengthener of men ’
= RULER
The strengthener of men → RULER
Gunn ‘Rejoicing’
(not checked:)
gunnr (noun f.): battle < gunnblíðr (adj.): battle-joyful
blíðr ‘in battle’
(not checked:)
blíðr (adj.; °n. sg. nom. & acc. blítt/blíðt; compar. -ari, superl. -astr): gentle, happy < gunnblíðr (adj.): battle-joyful
ok ‘and’
(not checked:)
3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
réð ‘’
(not checked:)
ráða (verb): advise, rule, interpret, decide
ræðr ‘rules’
(not checked:)
ráða (verb): advise, rule, interpret, decide
[4] ræðr: so J1ˣ, J2ˣ, réð Kˣ, F, 61, 53, 54, Bb, Flat
notes
[4] ræðr ‘rules’: The pres. tense in ll. 4 and 8 reflects the fact that they belong to the stef and do not share the same temporal perspective as the rest of the stanza (cf. Konráð Gíslason 1879a, 185; Hkr 1893-1901; Skj B; ÍF 26; Hkr 1991). The alternative reading pret. réð ‘ruled’ is better supported in the mss (and F has réð at the repeat of the line in st. 8/4), but it has probably arisen through influence of the other verbs in the stanza. The other two verbs in the stef are uniformly pres. tense in the mss (dregr ‘draws’ in st. 2/8, semr ‘contrives’ in sts 4/8, 7/8), and semr is guaranteed by the metre.
síðan ‘since then’
(not checked:)
síðan (adv.): later, then
Sleit ‘ripped’
(not checked:)
slíta (verb): to tear
á ‘’
(not checked:)
3. á (prep.): on, at
sverða ‘of swords’
(not checked:)
sverð (noun n.; °-s; -): sword
kennings
hǫrðu móti sverða‘the hard meeting of swords ’
= BATTLE
the hard meeting of swords → BATTLE
móti ‘meeting’
(not checked:)
1. mót (noun n.; °; -): meeting
kennings
hǫrðu móti sverða‘the hard meeting of swords ’
= BATTLE
the hard meeting of swords → BATTLE
svǫrð ‘the scalp’
(not checked:)
svǫrðr (noun m.; °svarðar, dat. sverði; sverðir, acc. svǫrðu): scalp
víkingar ‘’
(not checked:)
víkingr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): viking
víkinga ‘of the vikings’
(not checked:)
víkingr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): viking
[6] víkinga: víkingar 53
jǫrðu ‘’
(not checked:)
jǫrð (noun f.; °jarðar, dat. -u; jarðir/jarðar(DN I (1367) 304)): ground, earth
hǫrðu ‘the hard’
(not checked:)
harðr (adj.; °comp. -ari; superl. -astr): hard, harsh
[6] hǫrðu: jǫrðu Flat
kennings
hǫrðu móti sverða‘the hard meeting of swords ’
= BATTLE
the hard meeting of swords → BATTLE
unda ‘of wounds’
(not checked:)
1. und (noun f.; °; -ir): wound
kennings
Már unda‘The gull of wounds ’
= RAVEN/EAGLE
The gull of wounds → RAVEN/EAGLE
marr ‘’
(not checked:)
1. marr (noun m.): sea
kennings
Már unda‘The gull of wounds ’
= RAVEN/EAGLE
The gull of wounds → RAVEN/EAGLE
fra ‘’
(not checked:)
frá (prep.): from
á ‘’
(not checked:)
3. á (prep.): on, at
fyr ‘off’
(not checked:)
fyr (prep.): for, over, because of, etc.
[7] fyr: so F, ‘fra ⸜ad⸝’ Kˣ, á J1ˣ, J2ˣ, 61, 53, 54, Bb, Flat
eyri ‘the sand-spit’
(not checked:)
eyrr (noun f.): land-spit
Jarl ‘Jarl’
(not checked:)
jarl (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): poet, earl
goð ‘god’
(not checked:)
goð (noun n.): (pagan) god < goðvarðr (adj.): god-defended
vǫrðu ‘defended’
(not checked:)
2. -varðr (adj.): [protected] < goðvarðr (adj.): god-defended
hjarli ‘land’
(not checked:)
hjarl (noun n.): land
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
|
Stœrir lét at Stauri |
The strengthener of men [RULER] let the head of the prow-horse [SHIP] lie off Staurr; the ruler arranged it in this way. Rejoicing in battle and rules since then … The gull of wounds [RAVEN/EAGLE] ripped the scalp of the vikings in the hard meeting of swords [BATTLE] off the sand-spit. Jarl god-defended land …
In Hkr st. 5 is placed almost immediately after st. 4 (similarly ÓT), describing Eiríkr’s expedition southward to Vinðland (Wendland) and attack on vikings there.
Lines 4 and 8 belong to the klofastef ‘split refrain’ and stand outside the syntax of the stanza; see st. 9 and Notes. — [8]: This line appears to echo KormǪ Sigdr 2/4III hjarls Sigvarði/Sigurði jarli, which may also have formed part of a stef (Fidjestøl 1982, 186; cf. Note to st. 2/8 above).
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