ESk Frag 3III
Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2017, ‘Einarr Skúlason, Fragments 3’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 154.
sék ‘I see’
(not checked:)
2. sjá (verb): see
orm ‘a serpent’
(not checked:)
ormr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): serpent
[1] orm á: orma C; orm: ‘[…]m’ B, ‘ọṛm’ 744ˣ
kennings
ítrserki flœðar jastar;‘the splendid shirt of the yeast’s flood;’
= DRINKING HORN
the yeast’s flood; → BEER
the splendid shirt of the BEER → DRINKING HORN
kennings
ítrserki flœðar jastar;‘the splendid shirt of the yeast’s flood;’
= DRINKING HORN
the yeast’s flood; → BEER
the splendid shirt of the BEER → DRINKING HORN
ítrserki ‘the splendid shirt’
(not checked:)
ítrserkr (noun m.): [splendid shirt]
kennings
ítrserki flœðar jastar;‘the splendid shirt of the yeast’s flood;’
= DRINKING HORN
the yeast’s flood; → BEER
the splendid shirt of the BEER → DRINKING HORN
vel ‘well’
(not checked:)
vel (adv.): well, very
merkðan ‘engraved’
(not checked:)
merkja (verb): mark, signify
[2] merkðan: ‘merkt[…]’ B, merkta 744ˣ, C
nemi ‘learn’
(not checked:)
1. nema (verb): to take
[3] nemi bjóðr hvé ferk flœðar (‘nemi bioðr hve ec fer flæþar’): ‘[…]lodar’ B, ‘nemi bíoðr hue ek fer flódar’ 744ˣ
bjóðr ‘the donor’
(not checked:)
2. bjóðr (noun m.): inviter
[3] nemi bjóðr hvé ferk flœðar (‘nemi bioðr hve ec fer flæþar’): ‘[…]lodar’ B, ‘nemi bíoðr hue ek fer flódar’ 744ˣ
kennings
bjóðr fjarðbáls,‘ may the donor of fjord-fire ’
= GENEROUS MAN
fjord-fire → GOLD
may the donor of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN
hvé ‘how’
(not checked:)
hvé (conj.): how
[3] nemi bjóðr hvé ferk flœðar (‘nemi bioðr hve ec fer flæþar’): ‘[…]lodar’ B, ‘nemi bíoðr hue ek fer flódar’ 744ˣ; hvé: hví C
notes
[3, 4] hvé ferk máli of þat ‘how I treat that in speech’: Lit. ‘how I fare with speech about that’. For fara ‘go, travel, fare’ with dat. in the meaning ‘compose’, see LP: fara 10 and ESk Geisl 8/4VII hvé ferk verka ‘how I deliver the work’.
ferk ‘I treat’
(not checked:)
fara (verb; ferr, fór, fóru, farinn): go, travel
[3] nemi bjóðr hvé ferk flœðar (‘nemi bioðr hve ec fer flæþar’): ‘[…]lodar’ B, ‘nemi bíoðr hue ek fer flódar’ 744ˣ
notes
[3, 4] hvé ferk máli of þat ‘how I treat that in speech’: Lit. ‘how I fare with speech about that’. For fara ‘go, travel, fare’ with dat. in the meaning ‘compose’, see LP: fara 10 and ESk Geisl 8/4VII hvé ferk verka ‘how I deliver the work’.
flœðar ‘flood’
(not checked:)
flœð (noun f.): flood, sea
[3] nemi bjóðr hvé ferk flœðar (‘nemi bioðr hve ec fer flæþar’): ‘[…]lodar’ B, ‘nemi bíoðr hue ek fer flódar’ 744ˣ; flœðar: ‘flodar’ Tˣ
kennings
ítrserki flœðar jastar;‘the splendid shirt of the yeast’s flood;’
= DRINKING HORN
the yeast’s flood; → BEER
the splendid shirt of the BEER → DRINKING HORN
flœðar ‘flood’
(not checked:)
flœð (noun f.): flood, sea
[3] nemi bjóðr hvé ferk flœðar (‘nemi bioðr hve ec fer flæþar’): ‘[…]lodar’ B, ‘nemi bíoðr hue ek fer flódar’ 744ˣ; flœðar: ‘flodar’ Tˣ
kennings
ítrserki flœðar jastar;‘the splendid shirt of the yeast’s flood;’
= DRINKING HORN
the yeast’s flood; → BEER
the splendid shirt of the BEER → DRINKING HORN
kennings
bjóðr fjarðbáls,‘ may the donor of fjord-fire ’
= GENEROUS MAN
fjord-fire → GOLD
may the donor of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN
kennings
bjóðr fjarðbáls,‘ may the donor of fjord-fire ’
= GENEROUS MAN
fjord-fire → GOLD
may the donor of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN
báls ‘fire’
(not checked:)
bál (noun n.; °-s; -): fire < fjarðbál (noun n.)
kennings
bjóðr fjarðbáls,‘ may the donor of fjord-fire ’
= GENEROUS MAN
fjord-fire → GOLD
may the donor of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN
báls ‘fire’
(not checked:)
bál (noun n.; °-s; -): fire < fjarðbál (noun n.)
kennings
bjóðr fjarðbáls,‘ may the donor of fjord-fire ’
= GENEROUS MAN
fjord-fire → GOLD
may the donor of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN
of ‘’
(not checked:)
3. of (prep.): around, from; too
notes
[3, 4] hvé ferk máli of þat ‘how I treat that in speech’: Lit. ‘how I fare with speech about that’. For fara ‘go, travel, fare’ with dat. in the meaning ‘compose’, see LP: fara 10 and ESk Geisl 8/4VII hvé ferk verka ‘how I deliver the work’.
þat ‘that’
[4] þat: so A, B, hlyn R, Tˣ, C
notes
[3, 4] hvé ferk máli of þat ‘how I treat that in speech’: Lit. ‘how I fare with speech about that’. For fara ‘go, travel, fare’ with dat. in the meaning ‘compose’, see LP: fara 10 and ESk Geisl 8/4VII hvé ferk verka ‘how I deliver the work’. — [4] þat ‘that’: So A, B. The variant hlyn (m. acc. sg.) ‘maple’ (R, Tˣ, C) could be construed as a part of a man-kenning (of hlyn fjarðbáls ‘about the tree of the fjord-fire’; so SnE 1998, I, 97), but that reading leaves an awkward half-kenning bjóðr ‘donor’ (of the drinking vessel) as the subject of the clause. Sveinbjörn Egilsson (SnE 1848-87, III) retains of hlyn, which he construes with flœðar ‘of the flood’ (l. 3) and takes as a kenning for ‘ship’ (of hlyn flœðar ‘about the maple of the flood’). While that is certainly possible, it leaves an unsatisfactory kenning for ‘drinking horn’ (ítrserki jastar ‘the splendid shirt of yeast’, ll. 1-2), and, furthermore, the stanza describes a splendid drinking horn and not a ship.
þat ‘that’
[4] þat: so A, B, hlyn R, Tˣ, C
notes
[3, 4] hvé ferk máli of þat ‘how I treat that in speech’: Lit. ‘how I fare with speech about that’. For fara ‘go, travel, fare’ with dat. in the meaning ‘compose’, see LP: fara 10 and ESk Geisl 8/4VII hvé ferk verka ‘how I deliver the work’. — [4] þat ‘that’: So A, B. The variant hlyn (m. acc. sg.) ‘maple’ (R, Tˣ, C) could be construed as a part of a man-kenning (of hlyn fjarðbáls ‘about the tree of the fjord-fire’; so SnE 1998, I, 97), but that reading leaves an awkward half-kenning bjóðr ‘donor’ (of the drinking vessel) as the subject of the clause. Sveinbjörn Egilsson (SnE 1848-87, III) retains of hlyn, which he construes with flœðar ‘of the flood’ (l. 3) and takes as a kenning for ‘ship’ (of hlyn flœðar ‘about the maple of the flood’). While that is certainly possible, it leaves an unsatisfactory kenning for ‘drinking horn’ (ítrserki jastar ‘the splendid shirt of yeast’, ll. 1-2), and, furthermore, the stanza describes a splendid drinking horn and not a ship.
notes
[3, 4] hvé ferk máli of þat ‘how I treat that in speech’: Lit. ‘how I fare with speech about that’. For fara ‘go, travel, fare’ with dat. in the meaning ‘compose’, see LP: fara 10 and ESk Geisl 8/4VII hvé ferk verka ‘how I deliver the work’.
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Fjarð- ‘fjord-’ is given among the heiti for ‘sea’ in Skm.
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