ESk Øxfl 7III
Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2017, ‘Einarr Skúlason, Øxarflokkr 7’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 147.
Blóð ‘of the blood’
(not checked:)
blóð (noun n.; °-s): blood < blóðeisa (noun f.): [blood-ember]
[1] Blóðeisu: ‘blóþ[…]’ U
kennings
blóðeisu;‘of the blood-ember; ’
= AXE
the blood-ember; → AXE
notes
[1] blóðeisu ‘of the blood-ember [AXE]’: This could also be a kenning for ‘sword’ (see Introduction above). If so, its ‘crag’ (bjargs, l. 2) would be the hilt rather than the axe-head. ‘Crag’ is not part of the kenning here, rather, it is a metaphor which belongs to the imagery of snow and fire lying on the sides of the axe-head.
eisu ‘ember’
(not checked:)
1. eisa (noun f.; °; -ur): flame, ember < blóðeisa (noun f.): [blood-ember]
[1] Blóðeisu: ‘blóþ[…]’ U
kennings
blóðeisu;‘of the blood-ember; ’
= AXE
the blood-ember; → AXE
notes
[1] blóðeisu ‘of the blood-ember [AXE]’: This could also be a kenning for ‘sword’ (see Introduction above). If so, its ‘crag’ (bjargs, l. 2) would be the hilt rather than the axe-head. ‘Crag’ is not part of the kenning here, rather, it is a metaphor which belongs to the imagery of snow and fire lying on the sides of the axe-head.
notes
[1] liggr (3rd pers. sg. pres. indic.) ‘lie’: Lit. ‘lies’. The subject is coordinate and the verb in the sg. (see NS §70).
bæði ‘Both’
(not checked:)
báðir (pron.; °gen. beggja (báðra), nom./acc. n. bǽði): both
bjargs ‘of the crag’
(not checked:)
bjarg (noun n.; °-s; *-): mountain, cliff
[2] bjargs: bergs U, ‘biags’ A, brags B, bjarg C, ‘braugs’ 2368ˣ, ‘biaugz’ 743ˣ
tveim ‘on the two’
(not checked:)
tveir (num. cardinal): two
megin ‘sides’
(not checked:)
2. megin (adv.): (on the side)
geima ‘of the sea’
(not checked:)
geimi (noun m.): ocean
kennings
eldr geima‘fire of the sea ’
= GOLD
fire of the sea → GOLD
sjóðs ‘of the purse’
(not checked:)
sjóðr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-; -ar): purse
kennings
snær sjóðs‘snow of the purse ’
= SILVER
snow of the purse → SILVER
ák ‘I must’
(not checked:)
2. eiga (verb; °á/eigr (præs. pl. 3. pers. eigu/eiga); átti, áttu; átt): own, have
kennings
stríði søkkva.‘the fighter of enemies. ’
= WARRIOR
the fighter of enemies. → WARRIOR
notes
[3] stríði søkkva ‘the fighter of enemies [WARRIOR]’: Kock (NN §1783C) suggests that søkkva is gen. pl. of a n. noun søkk ‘gold, treasure’ (cf. OE, OS sinc ‘treasure’; also AEW: søkk). See Notes to Eyv Hál 1/10I, Eyv Lv 4/5I and Ótt Knútdr 11/1I. If so, stríði søkkva would be rendered ‘fighter of treasures,’ i.e. ‘generous man’. However, the warrior-kenning is echoed in st. 8/7 below (fellir folka ‘feller of armies’).
kennings
stríði søkkva.‘the fighter of enemies. ’
= WARRIOR
the fighter of enemies. → WARRIOR
notes
[3] stríði søkkva ‘the fighter of enemies [WARRIOR]’: Kock (NN §1783C) suggests that søkkva is gen. pl. of a n. noun søkk ‘gold, treasure’ (cf. OE, OS sinc ‘treasure’; also AEW: søkk). See Notes to Eyv Hál 1/10I, Eyv Lv 4/5I and Ótt Knútdr 11/1I. If so, stríði søkkva would be rendered ‘fighter of treasures,’ i.e. ‘generous man’. However, the warrior-kenning is echoed in st. 8/7 below (fellir folka ‘feller of armies’).
kennings
snær sjóðs‘snow of the purse ’
= SILVER
snow of the purse → SILVER
ok ‘and’
(not checked:)
3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
eldr ‘fire’
(not checked:)
eldr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-(HómÍsl¹(1993) 24v²⁴); -ar): fire
[4] eldr: ‘e[…]dr’ U
kennings
eldr geima‘fire of the sea ’
= GOLD
fire of the sea → GOLD
at ‘’
(not checked:)
5. at (nota): to (with infinitive)
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
The half-stanza is recorded among several stanzas illustrating kennings for ‘gold’ (eldr geima ‘fire of the sea’) and ‘silver’ (snær sjóðs ‘snow of the purse’) in Skm (and LaufE).
The poet is named Einarr Skúlason in all mss.
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