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skaldic

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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ESk Hardr II 5II

Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2009, ‘Einarr Skúlason, Haraldsdrápa II 5’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 548.

Einarr SkúlasonHaraldsdrápa II
45

Eyddi ‘destroyed’

(not checked:)
2. eyða (verb; °-dd-): destroy

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oddum ‘with spear-points’

(not checked:)
oddr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): point of weapon

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ey ‘ø’

(not checked:)
1. ey (noun f.; °-jar, dat. -ju/-; -jar): island < Hlésey (noun f.): [Læsø, Hlésey]

notes

[2, 3] Hlésey ‘Læsø’: This p. n. is taken as a loc. dat. (‘on Læsø’; so also Skj B). Kock (NN §2049) regards it as the object of eyddi ‘destroyed’ (l. 1), which would then serve as a verb governing two parallel objects: eyddi Hlésey ‘destroyed Læsø’ (ll. 1, 2, 3) and eyddi hungr ‘destroyed the hunger’ (ll. 1, 4). Læsø is an island off the north-eastern coast of Jylland, Denmark.

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ben ‘of wound’

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1. ben (noun f.; °-jar, dat. -; -jar , gen. -a(var. EiðKrC 402¹³: AM 77 4°— “D”)): wound < benþeyr (noun m.): [wound-thaw]

kennings

gollunga benþeyjar
‘of young hawks of wound-thaw ’
   = RAVENS/EAGLES

wound-thaw → BLOOD
young hawks of the BLOOD → RAVENS/EAGLES
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ben ‘of wound’

(not checked:)
1. ben (noun f.; °-jar, dat. -; -jar , gen. -a(var. EiðKrC 402¹³: AM 77 4°— “D”)): wound < benþeyr (noun m.): [wound-thaw]

kennings

gollunga benþeyjar
‘of young hawks of wound-thaw ’
   = RAVENS/EAGLES

wound-thaw → BLOOD
young hawks of the BLOOD → RAVENS/EAGLES
Close

þeyjar ‘thaw’

(not checked:)
þeyr (noun m.; °; -jar/-ir): breeze, thawing wind < benþeyr (noun m.): [wound-thaw]

kennings

gollunga benþeyjar
‘of young hawks of wound-thaw ’
   = RAVENS/EAGLES

wound-thaw → BLOOD
young hawks of the BLOOD → RAVENS/EAGLES
Close

þeyjar ‘thaw’

(not checked:)
þeyr (noun m.; °; -jar/-ir): breeze, thawing wind < benþeyr (noun m.): [wound-thaw]

kennings

gollunga benþeyjar
‘of young hawks of wound-thaw ’
   = RAVENS/EAGLES

wound-thaw → BLOOD
young hawks of the BLOOD → RAVENS/EAGLES
Close

Hlés ‘on Læs’

notes

[2, 3] Hlésey ‘Læsø’: This p. n. is taken as a loc. dat. (‘on Læsø’; so also Skj B). Kock (NN §2049) regards it as the object of eyddi ‘destroyed’ (l. 1), which would then serve as a verb governing two parallel objects: eyddi Hlésey ‘destroyed Læsø’ (ll. 1, 2, 3) and eyddi hungr ‘destroyed the hunger’ (ll. 1, 4). Læsø is an island off the north-eastern coast of Jylland, Denmark.

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hel ‘The death’

(not checked:)
1. hel (noun f.; °-jar, dat. -ju): death, Hel, hell < helfýsir (noun m.): [death-precipitator]

kennings

Helfýsir
‘The death-precipitator ’
   = WARRIOR

The death-precipitator → WARRIOR

notes

[3] helfýsir ‘the death-precipitator [WARRIOR]’: Skj B emends to herfýsir ‘army-precipitator’, which is unnecessary (see NN §2049).

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fýsir ‘precipitator’

(not checked:)
fýsir (noun m.) < helfýsir (noun m.): [death-precipitator]

kennings

Helfýsir
‘The death-precipitator ’
   = WARRIOR

The death-precipitator → WARRIOR

notes

[3] helfýsir ‘the death-precipitator [WARRIOR]’: Skj B emends to herfýsir ‘army-precipitator’, which is unnecessary (see NN §2049).

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hungr ‘the hunger’

(not checked:)
2. hungr (noun n.): hunger

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gollunga ‘of young hawks’

(not checked:)
gollungr (noun m.): [young hawks]

kennings

gollunga benþeyjar
‘of young hawks of wound-thaw ’
   = RAVENS/EAGLES

wound-thaw → BLOOD
young hawks of the BLOOD → RAVENS/EAGLES

notes

[4] gollunga ‘of young hawks’: Gollungr was a young hawk that could not yet fly (cf. Engl. gull, i.e. unfledged bird). See Fritzner: gollr and gollungr; AEW: gollungr. The word is also found in NGL (I, 242): Gáshauka alla er í reiðri eru teknir oc í goll. þá á landsdróttinn ‘All chickenhawks which are taken in the nest and are unable to fly belong to the landowner’ (see also NGL V: goll). Both Skj B and Skald render the form as gǫllunga (see LP: gǫllungr), most likely because this form is given in Þul Hauks 1/5III.

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gefi ‘give’

(not checked:)
gefa (verb): give

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læknir ‘healer’

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læknir (noun m.; °lǽknis, dat. & acc. lǽkni (dat. lǽknir(JBpC(2003)— 146¹⁰)); lǽknar): doctor

kennings

Lofaðr læknir heims,
‘the praised healer of the world, ’
   = God

the praised healer of the world, → God
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lofaðr ‘the praised’

(not checked:)
lofaðr (adj.): praised

kennings

Lofaðr læknir heims,
‘the praised healer of the world, ’
   = God

the praised healer of the world, → God
Close

friðrofa ‘to the peace-disturber’

(not checked:)
friðrofi (noun m.): peace-disturber, truce-breaker

kennings

friðrofa hafljóma.
‘to the peace-disturber of sea-radiance.’
   = GENEROUS MAN

sea-radiance. → GOLD
to the peace-disturber of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN
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heims ‘of the world’

(not checked:)
heimr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-; -ar): home, abode; world

kennings

Lofaðr læknir heims,
‘the praised healer of the world, ’
   = God

the praised healer of the world, → God
Close

haf ‘of sea’

(not checked:)
haf (noun n.; °-s; *-): sea < hafljómi (noun m.): [sea-radiance]

kennings

friðrofa hafljóma.
‘to the peace-disturber of sea-radiance.’
   = GENEROUS MAN

sea-radiance. → GOLD
to the peace-disturber of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN
Close

haf ‘of sea’

(not checked:)
haf (noun n.; °-s; *-): sea < hafljómi (noun m.): [sea-radiance]

kennings

friðrofa hafljóma.
‘to the peace-disturber of sea-radiance.’
   = GENEROUS MAN

sea-radiance. → GOLD
to the peace-disturber of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN
Close

ljóma ‘radiance’

(not checked:)
ljómi (noun m.; °-a): light, beam < hafljómi (noun m.): [sea-radiance]

kennings

friðrofa hafljóma.
‘to the peace-disturber of sea-radiance.’
   = GENEROUS MAN

sea-radiance. → GOLD
to the peace-disturber of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN
Close

ljóma ‘radiance’

(not checked:)
ljómi (noun m.; °-a): light, beam < hafljómi (noun m.): [sea-radiance]

kennings

friðrofa hafljóma.
‘to the peace-disturber of sea-radiance.’
   = GENEROUS MAN

sea-radiance. → GOLD
to the peace-disturber of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN
Close

lausnari ‘redeemer’

(not checked:)
lausnari (noun m.; °-a;): saviour, redeemer

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For this battle, see ESk Hardr I, 2 above.

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