Martin Chase (ed.) 2007, ‘Einarr Skúlason, Geisli 64’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 59.
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2. hverr (pron.): who, whom, each, every
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svá (adv.): so, thus
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horskr (adj.; °compar. -ari): wise
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4. at (conj.): that
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hyrr (noun m.): fire
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byrr (noun m.; °-jar/-s; -ir, acc. -i/-u(SigrVal 188¹³)): favourable wind
[1] byrjar: so Bb, hyrjar Flat
[1] byrjar ‘of fair wind’: Bb’s reading is superior to Flat’s hyrjar ‘of fire’ because the latter produces three alliterative staves rather than the expected two. Additionally, the heaven-kenning produced with this reading, ljóss vegs hyrjar ‘of the bright path of fire’ (ll. 1, 2, 3), is abnormal (cf. Meissner, 106).
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byrr (noun m.; °-jar/-s; -ir, acc. -i/-u(SigrVal 188¹³)): favourable wind
[1] byrjar: so Bb, hyrjar Flat
[1] byrjar ‘of fair wind’: Bb’s reading is superior to Flat’s hyrjar ‘of fire’ because the latter produces three alliterative staves rather than the expected two. Additionally, the heaven-kenning produced with this reading, ljóss vegs hyrjar ‘of the bright path of fire’ (ll. 1, 2, 3), is abnormal (cf. Meissner, 106).
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háss (adj.): [hoarse]
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hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
[2] hans: háss Bb
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1. vegr (noun m.; °-s/-ar, dat. -i/-; -ar/-ir, gen. -a/-na, acc. -a/-i/-u): way, path, side
[2] vegs: so Bb, veg Flat
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1. vegr (noun m.; °-s/-ar, dat. -i/-; -ar/-ir, gen. -a/-na, acc. -a/-i/-u): way, path, side
[2] vegs: so Bb, veg Flat
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mega (verb): may, might
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segja (verb): say, tell
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ljóss (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): bright
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ljóss (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): bright
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í (prep.): in, into
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líf (noun n.; °-s; -): life
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lofðungr (noun m.; °; -ar): king, leader
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gjǫf (noun f.): gift
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hregg (noun n.): storm < hreggsalr (noun m.)
[5] hreggsalar hyggjum: hims ok himna Bb
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hregg (noun n.): storm < hreggsalr (noun m.)
[5] hreggsalar hyggjum: hims ok himna Bb
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himinn (noun m.; °himins, dat. himni; himnar): heaven, sky
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1. salr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -; dat. sǫlum): hall < hreggsalr (noun m.)
[5] hreggsalar hyggjum: hims ok himna Bb
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1. salr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -; dat. sǫlum): hall < hreggsalr (noun m.)
[5] hreggsalar hyggjum: hims ok himna Bb
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2. hyggja (verb): think, consider
[5] hreggsalar hyggjum: hims ok himna Bb
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heit (noun n.; °; -): promise < heitfastr (adj.): pledge-firm
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fastr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): firm, fast < heitfastr (adj.): pledge-firm
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jǫfurr (noun m.): ruler, prince
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
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veitir (noun m.): giver
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2. of (adv.): too, off
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skreyta (verb): adorn
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
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dróttinn (noun m.; °dróttins, dat. dróttni (drottini [$1049$]); dróttnar): lord, master
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dróttinn (noun m.; °dróttins, dat. dróttni (drottini [$1049$]); dróttnar): lord, master
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skrín (noun n.; °-s; -): shrine
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þinn (pron.; °f. þín, n. þitt): your
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dýrð (noun f.; °-ar/-a(NoDipl(1279) 44²); -ir): glory
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vinr (noun m.; °-ar, dat. -/(-i OsvReyk 92.17); -ir): friend
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þinn (pron.; °f. þín, n. þitt): your
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3. sinn (pron.; °f. sín, n. sitt): (refl. poss. pron.)
[8] sínum: þínum Bb
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
[5-8]: The second helmingr differs substantially between Flat and Bb, and neither is fully satisfactory. Here Flat’s version is followed, beginning with a subordinate cl., (‘in this life, where’) and assuming a suppressed at (which is quite irregular), while Bb’s (followed by Skj B and Skald), begins with the rel. pron. þær es (f. pl.), referring directly back to gjafar (l. 4). Following the Bb text (with minor emendation of ‘hims’ to heims in l. 5 and skrín to skríns in l. 8) gives the following sense: þærs heitfastr jǫfurr heims ok himna veitir sínum dýrðarvin – skreytt skríns of dróttin skatna ‘(the gifts) which the oath-firm king of the world and the heavens grants to his honoured friend – an ornamented shrine stands [lit. is] above the lord of men’.
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