Martin Chase (ed.) 2007, ‘Einarr Skúlason, Geisli 54’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 51.
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2. heita (verb): be called, promise
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harðr (adj.; °comp. -ari; superl. -astr): hard, harsh
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3. á (prep.): on, at
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ítr (adj.): glorious
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hraustr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): strong, valiant
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maðr (noun m.): man, person
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af (prep.): from
[2] af trausti ‘with confidence’: cf. HómNo, 112: á hann hafa callat með trauſti ‘they have called on him with confidence’.
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trausti (noun m.; °-a): [confidence]
[2] af trausti ‘with confidence’: cf. HómNo, 112: á hann hafa callat með trauſti ‘they have called on him with confidence’.
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2. stríð (noun n.; °-s; -): affliction
[3] stríð eyðis ógnar svall ‘the distress of the destroyer of terror increased’: Flat’s reading is followed here, except for the verb; Skj B and Skald follow Bb, understanding an intercalary stríð ógn svall ‘tough battle raged’, while construing þás óðusk with í stála gný ‘when they were afraid in the noise of steel weapons [BATTLE]’.
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stalla (verb)
[3] stríð eyðis ógnar svall ‘the distress of the destroyer of terror increased’: Flat’s reading is followed here, except for the verb; Skj B and Skald follow Bb, understanding an intercalary stríð ógn svall ‘tough battle raged’, while construing þás óðusk with í stála gný ‘when they were afraid in the noise of steel weapons [BATTLE]’.
[3] stríð eyðis ógnar svall ‘the distress of the destroyer of terror increased’: Flat’s reading is followed here, except for the verb; Skj B and Skald follow Bb, understanding an intercalary stríð ógn svall ‘tough battle raged’, while construing þás óðusk with í stála gný ‘when they were afraid in the noise of steel weapons [BATTLE]’.
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vaða (verb): advance, wade
[3] stríð eyðis ógnar svall ‘the distress of the destroyer of terror increased’: Flat’s reading is followed here, except for the verb; Skj B and Skald follow Bb, understanding an intercalary stríð ógn svall ‘tough battle raged’, while construing þás óðusk with í stála gný ‘when they were afraid in the noise of steel weapons [BATTLE]’.
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í (prep.): in, into
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gnýr (noun m.): din, tumult
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1. stál (noun n.; °-s; -): steel, weapon, prow
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þar (adv.): there
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3. of (prep.): around, from; too
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2. einn (pron.; °decl. cf. einn num.): one, alone
[5] einn: so Bb, einum Flat
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í (prep.): in, into
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ǫr (noun f.; °dat. -/-u; ǫrvar/ǫrar): arrow
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1. und (noun f.; °; -ir): wound < undbára (noun f.)
[6] undbôru: so Bb, ‘undḅꜳr ꜳ’ Flat
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1. bára (noun f.; °-u; -ur): wave < undbára (noun f.)
[6] undbôru: so Bb, ‘undḅꜳr ꜳ’ Flat
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2. flug (noun n.): flight, ?precipice
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rjúfa (verb): break
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
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rjúfa (verb): break
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klofna (verb): cleave
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Reifnir (noun m.): Reifnir
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rann (noun n.): house, hall
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sex (num. cardinal): six
[8] sex tigir ‘six tens’: The ON prose versions also mention the sixty-to-one advantage of the Petchenegs over the Varangians (Louis-Jensen 1970, 35; ÓHLeg 1982, 214; Hkr, ÍF 28, 372; ÓH 1941, 636).
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tigir (num. cardinal): [ty]
[8] sex tigir ‘six tens’: The ON prose versions also mention the sixty-to-one advantage of the Petchenegs over the Varangians (Louis-Jensen 1970, 35; ÓHLeg 1982, 214; Hkr, ÍF 28, 372; ÓH 1941, 636).
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maðr (noun m.): man, person
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
Hétu hart á ítran |
Strong men called hard with confidence on glorious Óláfr in the noise of steel weapons [BATTLE] — the distress of the destroyer of terror [RULER = Byzantine emperor] increased —, where sixty men [lit. six tens of men] were against one in the flight of arrows [BATTLE]; Reifnir’s <sea-king> houses [SHIELDS], reddened with the wound-wave [BLOOD], were cloven.
[5-8]: Bb’s text is better than Flat’s and has been followed here.
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