Einarr Skúlason, Geisli 50

Martin Chase

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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ESk Geisl 50^VII

Martin Chase (ed.) 2007, ‘Einarr Skúlason, Geisli 50’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 48.

Einarr Skúlason Geisli

49 50 51

Meiðs ‘of the ///’

(not checked:)
meiðr (noun m.): beam, tree

Môs ‘of the gull’s’

(not checked:)
már (noun m.): gull

[1] Môs: Meiðs Bb

kennings

eisu môs jarðar
‘with the fire of the gull’s land ’
= GOLD
the gull’s land → SEA
with the fire of the SEA → GOLD

Môs ‘of the gull’s’

(not checked:)
már (noun m.): gull

[1] Môs: Meiðs Bb

kennings

eisu môs jarðar
‘with the fire of the gull’s land ’
= GOLD
the gull’s land → SEA
with the fire of the SEA → GOLD

lét ‘///’

(not checked:)
láta (verb): let, have sth done

frák ‘I heard’

(not checked:)
1. fregna (verb): hear of

[1] frák (‘frá ek’): so Bb, lét Flat

jarðar ‘land’

(not checked:)
jǫrð (noun f.; °jarðar, dat. -u; jarðir/jarðar(DN I (1367) 304)): ground, earth

kennings

eisu môs jarðar
‘with the fire of the gull’s land ’
= GOLD
the gull’s land → SEA
with the fire of the SEA → GOLD

jarðar ‘land’

(not checked:)
jǫrð (noun f.; °jarðar, dat. -u; jarðir/jarðar(DN I (1367) 304)): ground, earth

kennings

eisu môs jarðar
‘with the fire of the gull’s land ’
= GOLD
the gull’s land → SEA
with the fire of the SEA → GOLD

eisu ‘with the fire’

(not checked:)
1. eisa (noun f.; °; -ur): flame, ember

kennings

eisu môs jarðar
‘with the fire of the gull’s land ’
= GOLD
the gull’s land → SEA
with the fire of the SEA → GOLD

alls ‘of all’

(not checked:)
allr (adj.): all

[2] alls vald: so Bb, allvalds Flat

kennings

vald alls
‘the ruler of all ’
= Byzantine emperor
the ruler of all → Byzantine emperor

vald ‘the ruler’

(not checked:)
valdr (noun m.): ruler

[2] alls vald: so Bb, allvalds Flat

kennings

vald alls
‘the ruler of all ’
= Byzantine emperor
the ruler of all → Byzantine emperor

kennings

tólum bragar.
‘with the tools of poetry. ’
= ORGANS OF SPEECH
with the tools of poetry. → ORGANS OF SPEECH

notes

[4] tólum bragar ‘with the tools of poetry [ORGANS OF SPEECH]’: A kenning for the tongue and possibly the other speech organs (lips, teeth) and the voice. Cf. st. 19/8 máltól ‘speech-tools’.

tólum ‘with the tools’

(not checked:)
tól (noun n.; °; -): [tools, with tools]

kennings

tólum bragar.
‘with the tools of poetry. ’
= ORGANS OF SPEECH
with the tools of poetry. → ORGANS OF SPEECH

notes

Yfirskjǫldungr ‘The supreme king’

(not checked:)
yfirskjǫldungr (noun m.)

kennings

Yfirskjǫldungr jǫfra
‘The supreme king of princes ’
= Byzantine emperor
The supreme king of princes → Byzantine emperor

lét ‘caused’

(not checked:)
láta (verb): let, have sth done

jǫfra ‘of princes’

(not checked:)
jǫfurr (noun m.): ruler, prince

kennings

Yfirskjǫldungr jǫfra
‘The supreme king of princes ’
= Byzantine emperor
The supreme king of princes → Byzantine emperor

odd ‘of the point’

(not checked:)
oddr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): point of weapon < oddhríð (noun f.): point-storm

kennings

grand garðs oddhríðar
‘the harm of the yard of the point-storm ’
= SWORD
the point-storm → BATTLE
the yard of the BATTLE → SHIELD
the harm of the SHIELD → SWORD

odd ‘of the point’

(not checked:)
oddr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): point of weapon < oddhríð (noun f.): point-storm

kennings

grand garðs oddhríðar
‘the harm of the yard of the point-storm ’
= SWORD
the point-storm → BATTLE
the yard of the BATTLE → SHIELD
the harm of the SHIELD → SWORD

odd ‘of the point’

(not checked:)
oddr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): point of weapon < oddhríð (noun f.): point-storm

kennings

grand garðs oddhríðar
‘the harm of the yard of the point-storm ’
= SWORD
the point-storm → BATTLE
the yard of the BATTLE → SHIELD
the harm of the SHIELD → SWORD

hríðar ‘storm’

(not checked:)
hríð (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): time, storm < oddhríð (noun f.): point-storm

kennings

grand garðs oddhríðar
‘the harm of the yard of the point-storm ’
= SWORD
the point-storm → BATTLE
the yard of the BATTLE → SHIELD
the harm of the SHIELD → SWORD

hríðar ‘storm’

(not checked:)
hríð (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): time, storm < oddhríð (noun f.): point-storm

kennings

grand garðs oddhríðar
‘the harm of the yard of the point-storm ’
= SWORD
the point-storm → BATTLE
the yard of the BATTLE → SHIELD
the harm of the SHIELD → SWORD

hríðar ‘storm’

(not checked:)
hríð (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): time, storm < oddhríð (noun f.): point-storm

kennings

grand garðs oddhríðar
‘the harm of the yard of the point-storm ’
= SWORD
the point-storm → BATTLE
the yard of the BATTLE → SHIELD
the harm of the SHIELD → SWORD

á ‘at’

(not checked:)
3. á (prep.): on, at

af ‘from’

(not checked:)
af (prep.): from

þar ‘there’

(not checked:)
þar (adv.): there

síðan ‘then’

(not checked:)
síðan (adv.): later, then

garðs ‘of the yard’

(not checked:)
garðr (noun m.): enclosure, yard

kennings

grand garðs oddhríðar
‘the harm of the yard of the point-storm ’
= SWORD
the point-storm → BATTLE
the yard of the BATTLE → SHIELD
the harm of the SHIELD → SWORD

garðs ‘of the yard’

(not checked:)
garðr (noun m.): enclosure, yard

kennings

grand garðs oddhríðar
‘the harm of the yard of the point-storm ’
= SWORD
the point-storm → BATTLE
the yard of the BATTLE → SHIELD
the harm of the SHIELD → SWORD

á ‘’

(not checked:)
3. á (prep.): on, at

af ‘’

(not checked:)
af (prep.): from

of ‘over’

(not checked:)
3. of (prep.): around, from; too

[7] of: af Flat, á Bb

golli ‘with gold’

(not checked:)
gull (noun n.): gold

vǫrðu ‘adorned’

(not checked:)
1. verða (verb): become, be

grand ‘the harm’

(not checked:)
grand (noun n.): injury

kennings

grand garðs oddhríðar
‘the harm of the yard of the point-storm ’
= SWORD
the point-storm → BATTLE
the yard of the BATTLE → SHIELD
the harm of the SHIELD → SWORD

altári ‘the altar’

(not checked:)
2. altari (noun n.; °-s/-(fx. HómNo¹² 67¹¹); -): altar

standa ‘to stand’

(not checked:)
standa (verb): stand

Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses

verse
prose

[1-4]: Bb’s readings have been followed here for the most part; Flat’s allvalds (l. 2) would have to be taken with hjǫr ‘(for the) sword of the all-ruler’, and that would then make the rel. cl. þanns Óláfr átti ‘which Óláfr owned’ (ll. 3, 4) redundant. — [5-8]: These ll. refer to the Byzantine emperor’s purchase of Óláfr’s sword for a high price and his causing it to be hung over the altar of a church the Varangians had dedicated to Óláfr (see Chase 2005, 42 and references for the possible identity of this church).

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ESk Geisl 50VII

Meiðs ‘of the ///’

Môs ‘of the gull’s’

kennings

Môs ‘of the gull’s’

kennings

lét ‘///’

frák ‘I heard’

jarðar ‘land’

kennings

jarðar ‘land’

kennings

eisu ‘with the fire’

kennings

alls ‘of all’

kennings

vald ‘the ruler’

kennings

fyr ‘for’

hjǫr ‘the sword’

gjalda ‘paid’

sléttik ‘I smooth’

óð ‘poem’

þann ‘’

s ‘which’

átti ‘had owned’

Óláfr ‘Óláfr’

bragar ‘of poetry’

kennings

notes

tólum ‘with the tools’

kennings

notes

Yfirskjǫldungr ‘The supreme king’

kennings

lét ‘caused’

jǫfra ‘of princes’

kennings

odd ‘of the point’

kennings

odd ‘of the point’

kennings

odd ‘of the point’

kennings

hríðar ‘storm’

kennings

hríðar ‘storm’

kennings

hríðar ‘storm’

kennings

á ‘at’

af ‘from’

þar ‘there’

síðan ‘then’

garðs ‘of the yard’

kennings

garðs ‘of the yard’

kennings

á ‘’

af ‘’

of ‘over’

golli ‘with gold’

vǫrðu ‘adorned’

grand ‘the harm’

kennings

altári ‘the altar’

standa ‘to stand’

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ESk Geisl 50^VII