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Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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ESk Geisl 32^VII

Martin Chase (ed.) 2007, ‘Einarr Skúlason, Geisli 32’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 33.

Einarr Skúlason Geisli

Víst ‘Clearly’

(not checked:)
1. víss (adj.): wise, certain(ly)

hafði ‘had’

(not checked:)
hafa (verb): have

lið ‘men’

(not checked:)
lið (noun n.; °-s; -): retinue, troop

lestir ‘damager’

(not checked:)
lestir (noun m.): damager, destroyer

kennings

heiptar mildr lestir linns grundar
‘the strife-generous damager of the snake’s land ’
= GENEROUS MAN = Gutthormr
the snake’s land → GOLD
the strife-generous damager of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN = Gutthormr

linns ‘of the snake’s’

(not checked:)
linnr (noun m.): snake

kennings

heiptar mildr lestir linns grundar
‘the strife-generous damager of the snake’s land ’
= GENEROUS MAN = Gutthormr
the snake’s land → GOLD
the strife-generous damager of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN = Gutthormr

linns ‘of the snake’s’

(not checked:)
linnr (noun m.): snake

kennings

heiptar mildr lestir linns grundar
‘the strife-generous damager of the snake’s land ’
= GENEROUS MAN = Gutthormr
the snake’s land → GOLD
the strife-generous damager of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN = Gutthormr

þrimr ‘three’

(not checked:)
þrennr (adj.): three(fold)

hlutum ‘times’

(not checked:)
hlutr (noun m.; °-ar, dat. -i/-; -ir, acc. -i/-u): part, thing

minna ‘fewer’

(not checked:)
3. minni (adj. comp.; °superl. minnstr): less, least

heiptar ‘the strife’

(not checked:)
heift (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): hatred, enmity

kennings

heiptar mildr lestir linns grundar
‘the strife-generous damager of the snake’s land ’
= GENEROUS MAN = Gutthormr
the snake’s land → GOLD
the strife-generous damager of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN = Gutthormr

mildr ‘generous’

(not checked:)
mildr (adj.; °compar. -ri/-ari, superl. -astr): mild, gentle, gracious, generous

kennings

heiptar mildr lestir linns grundar
‘the strife-generous damager of the snake’s land ’
= GENEROUS MAN = Gutthormr
the snake’s land → GOLD
the strife-generous damager of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN = Gutthormr

at ‘at’

(not checked:)
3. at (prep.): at, to

hjaldri ‘the battle’

(not checked:)
1. hjaldr (noun m.): battle

harðr ‘hard’

(not checked:)
harðr (adj.; °comp. -ari; superl. -astr): hard, harsh

fundr ‘meeting’

(not checked:)
fundr (noun m.): discovery, meeting

vas ‘was’

(not checked:)
2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am

sá ‘that’

(not checked:)
1. sá (pron.; °gen. þess, dat. þeim, acc. þann; f. sú, gen. þeirrar, acc. þá; n. þat, dat. því; pl. m. þeir, f. þǽ---): that (one), those

grundar ‘land’

(not checked:)
grund (noun f.): earth, land

kennings

heiptar mildr lestir linns grundar
‘the strife-generous damager of the snake’s land ’
= GENEROUS MAN = Gutthormr
the snake’s land → GOLD
the strife-generous damager of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN = Gutthormr

grundar ‘land’

(not checked:)
grund (noun f.): earth, land

kennings

heiptar mildr lestir linns grundar
‘the strife-generous damager of the snake’s land ’
= GENEROUS MAN = Gutthormr
the snake’s land → GOLD
the strife-generous damager of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN = Gutthormr

Þó ‘Yet’

(not checked:)
þó (adv.): though

notes

[2] þó réð hann at hvôru: The rhyme of the l. depends on hearing þór- as a rhyme with hvr.

réð ‘won’

(not checked:)
ráða (verb): advise, rule, interpret, decide

notes

[2] þó réð hann at hvôru: The rhyme of the l. depends on hearing þór- as a rhyme with hvr.

hann ‘he’

(not checked:)
hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...

notes

[2] þó réð hann at hvôru: The rhyme of the l. depends on hearing þór- as a rhyme with hvr.

at ‘’

(not checked:)
4. at (conj.): that

notes

[2] þó réð hann at hvôru: The rhyme of the l. depends on hearing þór- as a rhyme with hvr.

hvôru ‘notwithstanding’

(not checked:)
hvárr (pron.): who, which, what, whether

notes

[2] þó réð hann at hvôru: The rhyme of the l. depends on hearing þór- as a rhyme with hvr.

hǫnum ‘him’

(not checked:)
hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...

tjóði ‘helped’

(not checked:)
tjá (verb): to put in order, prepare

vel ‘well’

(not checked:)
vel (adv.): well, very

móður ‘of [his] mother’

(not checked:)
móðir (noun f.): mother

[6] móður: móðir Bb

kennings

hlýri móður
‘the brother of [his] mother ’
= Óláfr
the brother of [his] mother → Óláfr

notes

[6] móður ‘mother’: Ms. móðir is nom. in C12th Icel., but this form is frequently used as dat. sg. in late medieval/early modern Icel. Cf. Anon Pét 5/6, 37/2 and 49/2. See, e.g., Bandle 1956, 263-7 and references.

hôr ‘great’

(not checked:)
hárr (adj.): grey

feksk ‘was gained’

(not checked:)
2. fá (verb; °fǽr; fekk, fengu; fenginn): get, receive

[7] feksk: fekst Bb

af ‘from’

(not checked:)
af (prep.): from

því ‘that’

(not checked:)
1. sá (pron.; °gen. þess, dat. þeim, acc. þann; f. sú, gen. þeirrar, acc. þá; n. þat, dat. því; pl. m. þeir, f. þǽ---): that (one), those

hlýri ‘the brother’

(not checked:)
hlýri (noun m.): brother

kennings

hlýri móður
‘the brother of [his] mother ’
= Óláfr
the brother of [his] mother → Óláfr

hagnaðr ‘advantage’

(not checked:)
hagnaðr (noun m.): advantage

ór ‘in’

(not checked:)
3. ór (prep.): out of

styr ‘the battle’

(not checked:)
styrr (noun m.; °dat. -): battle

gagni ‘victory’

(not checked:)
1. gagn (noun n.): victory

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