ESk Geisl 23VII
Martin Chase (ed.) 2007, ‘Einarr Skúlason, Geisli 23’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 25-6.
notes
[1] þar kom ‘there came’: It is necessary to adopt Bb’s word order over Flat’s here in order to provide internal rhyme on a lift in position one.
notes
[1] þar kom ‘there came’: It is necessary to adopt Bb’s word order over Flat’s here in order to provide internal rhyme on a lift in position one.
blindr ‘A blind’
(not checked:)
blindr (adj.; °compar. -ari): blind
kennings
Blindr njótr auðar‘A blind enjoyer of wealth ’
= MAN
A blind enjoyer of wealth → MAN
en ‘and’
(not checked:)
2. en (conj.): but, and
byrjak ‘I will begin’
(not checked:)
2. byrja (verb; °-að-): begin, begat, please
blíð ‘the happy’
(not checked:)
blíðr (adj.; °n. sg. nom. & acc. blítt/blíðt; compar. -ari, superl. -astr): gentle, happy
notes
[2] blíð verk ‘happy work’: This can refer either to Einarr’s work of poetry or Óláfr’s miraculous act of healing.
verk ‘work’
(not checked:)
verk (noun n.; °-s; -): deed
notes
[2] blíð verk ‘happy work’: This can refer either to Einarr’s work of poetry or Óláfr’s miraculous act of healing.
muni ‘somewhat’
(not checked:)
munu (verb): will, must
síðar ‘later’
(not checked:)
síðarr (adv.): later
auðar ‘of wealth’
(not checked:)
1. auðr (noun m.; °-s/-ar, dat. -i/-): wealth
kennings
Blindr njótr auðar‘A blind enjoyer of wealth ’
= MAN
A blind enjoyer of wealth → MAN
notes
[3] njótr auðar ‘enjoyer of wealth [MAN]’: Einarr extends the sense of njótr in this traditional formula to signify not so much the material gifts of a chief to his retainers as the divine mercies people receive from God by way of the saint. He uses kennings of this type throughout the poem to indicate the beneficiaries of Óláfr’s miracles.
njótr ‘enjoyer’
(not checked:)
njótr (noun m.): user, enjoyer
kennings
Blindr njótr auðar‘A blind enjoyer of wealth ’
= MAN
A blind enjoyer of wealth → MAN
notes
[3] njótr auðar ‘enjoyer of wealth [MAN]’: Einarr extends the sense of njótr in this traditional formula to signify not so much the material gifts of a chief to his retainers as the divine mercies people receive from God by way of the saint. He uses kennings of this type throughout the poem to indicate the beneficiaries of Óláfr’s miracles.
es ‘where’
(not checked:)
2. er (conj.): who, which, when
ýtar ‘men’
(not checked:)
ýtr (noun m.): man; launcher
jǫfurs ‘the prince’s’
(not checked:)
jǫfurr (noun m.): ruler, prince
bein ‘bones’
(not checked:)
bein (noun n.; °-s; -): bone
þvegit ‘washed’
(not checked:)
1. þvá (verb): wash
hǫfðu ‘had’
(not checked:)
hafa (verb): have
Sjón ‘sight’
(not checked:)
sjón (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): eyes, sight < sjónbraut (noun f.)
kennings
sjónbrautir sínar‘his sight-paths ’
= EYES
his sight-paths → EYES
brautir ‘paths’
(not checked:)
1. braut (noun f.; °dat. -/-u; -ir): path, way; away < sjónbraut (noun f.)
kennings
sjónbrautir sínar‘his sight-paths ’
= EYES
his sight-paths → EYES
strauk ‘’
(not checked:)
strjúka (verb): furbish, wipe
sínar ‘his’
(not checked:)
3. sinn (pron.; °f. sín, n. sitt): (refl. poss. pron.)
kennings
sjónbrautir sínar‘his sight-paths ’
= EYES
his sight-paths → EYES
seggjum ‘to men’
(not checked:)
seggr (noun m.; °; -ir): man
kunns ‘known’
(not checked:)
kunna (verb): know, can, be able
í ‘in’
(not checked:)
í (prep.): in, into
brunni ‘the spring’
(not checked:)
brunnr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): spring, well
ôrr ‘The messenger’
(not checked:)
1. árr (noun m.; °dat. ár; ǽrir/árar, acc. áru): messenger
kennings
Ôrr orms landa‘The messenger of the serpent’s lands ’
= MAN
the serpent’s lands → GOLD
The messenger of the GOLD → MAN
notes
[7, 8] ôrr orms landa ‘messenger of the serpent’s lands [GOLD > MAN]’: The kenning is parallel to auðar njótr (l. 3). rr ‘servant’ or ‘messenger’ as a base-word may signify that the cured man is the vehicle through which Óláfr’s favour with God is made known in the world.
s ‘which’
(not checked:)
2. er (conj.): who, which, when
Óláfs ‘of Óláfr’
(not checked:)
Óláfr (noun m.): Óláfr
dreyra ‘with the blood’
(not checked:)
dreyri (noun m.; °-a): blood
orms ‘of the serpent’s’
(not checked:)
ormr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): serpent
kennings
Ôrr orms landa‘The messenger of the serpent’s lands ’
= MAN
the serpent’s lands → GOLD
The messenger of the GOLD → MAN
notes
[7, 8] ôrr orms landa ‘messenger of the serpent’s lands [GOLD > MAN]’: The kenning is parallel to auðar njótr (l. 3). rr ‘servant’ or ‘messenger’ as a base-word may signify that the cured man is the vehicle through which Óláfr’s favour with God is made known in the world.
orms ‘of the serpent’s’
(not checked:)
ormr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): serpent
kennings
Ôrr orms landa‘The messenger of the serpent’s lands ’
= MAN
the serpent’s lands → GOLD
The messenger of the GOLD → MAN
notes
[7, 8] ôrr orms landa ‘messenger of the serpent’s lands [GOLD > MAN]’: The kenning is parallel to auðar njótr (l. 3). rr ‘servant’ or ‘messenger’ as a base-word may signify that the cured man is the vehicle through which Óláfr’s favour with God is made known in the world.
landa ‘lands’
(not checked:)
land (noun n.; °-s; *-): land
kennings
Ôrr orms landa‘The messenger of the serpent’s lands ’
= MAN
the serpent’s lands → GOLD
The messenger of the GOLD → MAN
notes
[7, 8] ôrr orms landa ‘messenger of the serpent’s lands [GOLD > MAN]’: The kenning is parallel to auðar njótr (l. 3). rr ‘servant’ or ‘messenger’ as a base-word may signify that the cured man is the vehicle through which Óláfr’s favour with God is made known in the world.
landa ‘lands’
(not checked:)
land (noun n.; °-s; *-): land
kennings
Ôrr orms landa‘The messenger of the serpent’s lands ’
= MAN
the serpent’s lands → GOLD
The messenger of the GOLD → MAN
notes
[7, 8] ôrr orms landa ‘messenger of the serpent’s lands [GOLD > MAN]’: The kenning is parallel to auðar njótr (l. 3). rr ‘servant’ or ‘messenger’ as a base-word may signify that the cured man is the vehicle through which Óláfr’s favour with God is made known in the world.
vas ‘was’
(not checked:)
2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
blandinn ‘blended’
(not checked:)
2. blanda (verb; °blendr; blett, blendu; blandinn): mix, blend (strong)
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