Bjbp Jóms 8I
Emily Lethbridge (ed.) 2012, ‘Bjarni byskup Kolbeinsson, Jómsvíkingadrápa 8’ in Diana Whaley (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 1. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 966.
Geta ‘Mention’
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2. geta (verb): to beget, give birth to, mention, speak of; to think well of, like, love
skal ‘shall’
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skulu (verb): shall, should, must
hins ‘be made of this’
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2. inn (art.): the
hverr ‘who’
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2. hverr (pron.): who, whom, each, every
hvatra ‘of the valiant’
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hvatr (adj.; °-ari, -an; -astr): keen, brave
hǫfðingi ‘the leader’
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hǫfðingi (noun m.; °-ja; -jar): chieftain
var ‘was’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
drengja ‘warriors’
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drengr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -; -ir, gen. -ja): man, warrior
gat ‘was able’
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2. geta (verb): to beget, give birth to, mention, speak of; to think well of, like, love
sigri ‘of victory’
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sigr (noun m.; °sigrs/sigrar, dat. sigri; sigrar): victory
at ‘to’
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5. at (nota): to (with infinitive)
hrósa ‘boast’
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hrósa (verb): praise
snjallastr ‘boldest’
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snjallr (adj.): quick, resourceful, bold
at ‘in’
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3. at (prep.): at, to
gǫrv ‘every’
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1. gǫrr (adj.): ample, perfect < gǫrvallr (adj.): everything
ǫllu ‘thing’
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allr (adj.): all < gǫrvallr (adj.): everything
Hverr ‘Every’
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2. hverr (pron.): who, whom, each, every
var ‘was’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
hóti ‘’
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2. hót (noun n.; °; -): a bit
minni ‘inferior’
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3. minni (adj. comp.; °superl. minnstr): less, least
hreysti ‘courageous’
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hreysti (noun f.; °-): valour, prowess < hreystimaðr (noun m.): [courageous men]
maðr ‘man’
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maðr (noun m.): man, person < hreystimaðr (noun m.): [courageous men]
at ‘in’
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3. at (prep.): at, to
flestu ‘most ways’
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fleiri (adj. comp.; °superl. flestr): more, most
heldr ‘greatly’
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heldr (adv.): rather
í ‘in’
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í (prep.): in, into
herði ‘tough’
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herði (noun f.; °-): [tough, Brave] < herðiraun (noun f.)
notes
[7] herðiraunum ‘tough trials’: A cpd noun that is unique to Jóms.
raunum ‘trials’
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raun (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): ordeal, proof, experience < herðiraun (noun f.)
notes
[7] herðiraunum ‘tough trials’: A cpd noun that is unique to Jóms.
hauk ‘to the hawk’
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1. haukr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-; -ar): hawk < hauklyndr (adj.): hawk-tempered
kennings
hauklyndum syni Áka.‘to the hawk-tempered son of Áki. ’
= Vagn
to the hawk-tempered son of Áki. → Vagn
notes
[8] hauklyndum ‘hawk-tempered’: Also used in st. 42/6 and Steinn Niz 1/2II; cf. haukligr ‘hawk-like’ in sts 11/5 and 41/6. On the comparison of warriors with hawks, see Note to Arn Hryn 3/5II.
lyndum ‘tempered’
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lyndr (adj.; °superl. -astr): minded < hauklyndr (adj.): hawk-tempered
kennings
hauklyndum syni Áka.‘to the hawk-tempered son of Áki. ’
= Vagn
to the hawk-tempered son of Áki. → Vagn
notes
[8] hauklyndum ‘hawk-tempered’: Also used in st. 42/6 and Steinn Niz 1/2II; cf. haukligr ‘hawk-like’ in sts 11/5 and 41/6. On the comparison of warriors with hawks, see Note to Arn Hryn 3/5II.
syni ‘son’
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sonr (noun m.; °-ar, dat. syni; synir, acc. sonu, syni): son
kennings
hauklyndum syni Áka.‘to the hawk-tempered son of Áki. ’
= Vagn
to the hawk-tempered son of Áki. → Vagn
notes
[8] syni Áka ‘son of Áki [= Vagn]’: Áki is described as ruler of Fjón (Fyn) and son of Pálna-Tóki, leader of the Jómsvíkingar (e.g. Jóms 1879, 31). Vagn is prodigiously strong, bold and violent from a very early age (ibid. 31-2, 40). The skald emphasises his peerlessness by delaying his identification to l. 8 and then using a kenning.
Áka ‘of Áki’
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Áki (noun m.): Áki
kennings
hauklyndum syni Áka.‘to the hawk-tempered son of Áki. ’
= Vagn
to the hawk-tempered son of Áki. → Vagn
notes
[8] syni Áka ‘son of Áki [= Vagn]’: Áki is described as ruler of Fjón (Fyn) and son of Pálna-Tóki, leader of the Jómsvíkingar (e.g. Jóms 1879, 31). Vagn is prodigiously strong, bold and violent from a very early age (ibid. 31-2, 40). The skald emphasises his peerlessness by delaying his identification to l. 8 and then using a kenning.
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