Bjbp Jóms 13I
Emily Lethbridge (ed.) 2012, ‘Bjarni byskup Kolbeinsson, Jómsvíkingadrápa 13’ in Diana Whaley (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 1. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 970.
Búi ‘Búi’
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3. Búi (noun m.): Búi
lézk ‘said’
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láta (verb): let, have sth done
barr ‘ready’
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3. barr (adj.): ready
at ‘to’
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5. at (nota): to (with infinitive)
fylgja ‘follow’
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2. fylgja (verb): follow, accompany
bǫð ‘battle’
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bǫð (noun f.; °-s; -): battle < bǫðmildr (adj.)
notes
[2] bǫðmildum ‘battle-liberal’: This echoes heiptmildan ‘strife-liberal’, also describing Sigvaldi, in st. 12/2.
mildum ‘liberal’
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mildr (adj.; °compar. -ri/-ari, superl. -astr): mild, gentle, gracious, generous < bǫðmildr (adj.)
notes
[2] bǫðmildum ‘battle-liberal’: This echoes heiptmildan ‘strife-liberal’, also describing Sigvaldi, in st. 12/2.
Sig ‘Sig’
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sigr (noun m.; °sigrs/sigrar, dat. sigri; sigrar): victory < Sigvaldi (noun m.): Sigvaldi
valda ‘valdi’
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1. valdi (noun m.): ruler < Sigvaldi (noun m.): Sigvaldi
til ‘into’
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til (prep.): to
hjǫr ‘sword’
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hjǫrr (noun m.): sword < hjǫrþryma (noun f.)
kennings
harðrar hjǫrþrymu.‘hard sword-thunder. ’
= BATTLE
hard sword-thunder. → BATTLE
þrymu ‘thunder’
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þryma (noun f.): [thunder] < hjǫrþryma (noun f.)
kennings
harðrar hjǫrþrymu.‘hard sword-thunder. ’
= BATTLE
hard sword-thunder. → BATTLE
harðrar ‘hard’
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harðr (adj.; °comp. -ari; superl. -astr): hard, harsh
kennings
harðrar hjǫrþrymu.‘hard sword-thunder. ’
= BATTLE
hard sword-thunder. → BATTLE
hug ‘’
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hugr (noun m.): mind, thought, courage < hugprúðr (adj.): proud
prúðr ‘Courageous’
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prúðr (adj.; °superl. -astr): magnificent, proud < hugprúðr (adj.): proud
vera ‘he was’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
síðan ‘then’
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síðan (adv.): later, then
Hafa ‘to have’
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hafa (verb): have
kvazk ‘said’
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2. kveðja (verb; kvaddi): (dd) request, address, greet
Hávarð ‘Hávarðr’
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Hávarðr (noun m.): Hávarðr
notes
[5, 8] Hávarð; Áslák ‘Hávarðr; Áslákr’: Hávarðr hǫggvandi ‘Hewer’ and Áslákr hólmskalli ‘Island-Baldhead’ are said in Jvs (1879, 32) to have been obtained as war-captives by Sigvaldi and Þorkell, sons of Strút-Haraldr, during an expedition to the east (i Austur-ueg), and are described as big, strong men, unyielding and valiant. Presumably it is on this account that Sigvaldi thinks the men will be useful on their expedition. They are portrayed fighting fiercely in st. 26, but are overcome in st. 34. Hólm- ‘Island’ in Áslákr’s nickname could refer specifically to a duelling-ground (Fritzner: holmr 2).
vilja ‘he wanted’
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vilja (verb): want, intend
hranna ‘of waves’
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hrǫnn (noun f.; °; dat. -um): wave
kennings
Brjótr hranna‘The breaker of waves ’
= SEAFARER = Búi
The breaker of waves → SEAFARER = Búi
notes
[6] brjótr hranna ‘the breaker of waves [SEAFARER = Búi]’: The kenning clearly refers to Búi but appears to be incomplete. One would expect hranna ‘of waves’ to be part of a kenning such as ‘fire of the waves [GOLD]’, which would form a kenning for ‘generous man’ with brjótr ‘breaker, distributor’ (cf. Meissner 330-1). However, in this context brjótr seems to refer simply to cleaving the waves, and the kenning could refer to Búi as a seafaring warrior from the Baltic (cf. the Skj B translation vikingen ‘the viking’), or could possibly allude to him as a swimmer, famed for leaping from his ship once defeat is inevitable; see Note to st. 26/2 and sts 36-7 and for a possible precedent for a kenning for ‘swimmer’, see Note to Eyv Lv 4/7, 8.
brjótr ‘The breaker’
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brjótr (noun m.): breaker
kennings
Brjótr hranna‘The breaker of waves ’
= SEAFARER = Búi
The breaker of waves → SEAFARER = Búi
notes
[6] brjótr hranna ‘the breaker of waves [SEAFARER = Búi]’: The kenning clearly refers to Búi but appears to be incomplete. One would expect hranna ‘of waves’ to be part of a kenning such as ‘fire of the waves [GOLD]’, which would form a kenning for ‘generous man’ with brjótr ‘breaker, distributor’ (cf. Meissner 330-1). However, in this context brjótr seems to refer simply to cleaving the waves, and the kenning could refer to Búi as a seafaring warrior from the Baltic (cf. the Skj B translation vikingen ‘the viking’), or could possibly allude to him as a swimmer, famed for leaping from his ship once defeat is inevitable; see Note to st. 26/2 and sts 36-7 and for a possible precedent for a kenning for ‘swimmer’, see Note to Eyv Lv 4/7, 8.
at ‘for’
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3. at (prep.): at, to
gunni ‘the battle’
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gunnr (noun f.): battle
notes
[7] hann kvað ‘he said’: Hann is extrametrical. It is possible that it should be removed by normalisation, as is often the case in ms. texts of earlier poetry, but since the metre of Jóms is frequently irregular it is retained here.
sér ‘to him’
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sik (pron.; °gen. sín, dat. sér): (refl. pron.)
notes
[7, 8] líka sér eigi illa ‘was not unpleasing to him’: Lit. ‘to please him not badly’.
kvað ‘said’
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2. kveðja (verb; kvaddi): (dd) request, address, greet
notes
[7, 8] líka sér eigi illa ‘was not unpleasing to him’: Lit. ‘to please him not badly’.
hann ‘he’
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hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
notes
[7] hann kvað ‘he said’: Hann is extrametrical. It is possible that it should be removed by normalisation, as is often the case in ms. texts of earlier poetry, but since the metre of Jóms is frequently irregular it is retained here.
eigi ‘was not’
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3. eigi (adv.): not
notes
[7, 8] líka sér eigi illa ‘was not unpleasing to him’: Lit. ‘to please him not badly’.
illa ‘un’
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illr (adj.): bad, evil, unwell
Ás ‘Ás’
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2. Áss (noun m.; °áss, dat. ási/ás; ásar): god < Áslákr (noun m.): Áslákr
notes
[5, 8] Hávarð; Áslák ‘Hávarðr; Áslákr’: Hávarðr hǫggvandi ‘Hewer’ and Áslákr hólmskalli ‘Island-Baldhead’ are said in Jvs (1879, 32) to have been obtained as war-captives by Sigvaldi and Þorkell, sons of Strút-Haraldr, during an expedition to the east (i Austur-ueg), and are described as big, strong men, unyielding and valiant. Presumably it is on this account that Sigvaldi thinks the men will be useful on their expedition. They are portrayed fighting fiercely in st. 26, but are overcome in st. 34. Hólm- ‘Island’ in Áslákr’s nickname could refer specifically to a duelling-ground (Fritzner: holmr 2).
lák ‘lákr’
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-lákr (noun m.): [lákr] < Áslákr (noun m.): Áslákr
notes
[5, 8] Hávarð; Áslák ‘Hávarðr; Áslákr’: Hávarðr hǫggvandi ‘Hewer’ and Áslákr hólmskalli ‘Island-Baldhead’ are said in Jvs (1879, 32) to have been obtained as war-captives by Sigvaldi and Þorkell, sons of Strút-Haraldr, during an expedition to the east (i Austur-ueg), and are described as big, strong men, unyielding and valiant. Presumably it is on this account that Sigvaldi thinks the men will be useful on their expedition. They are portrayed fighting fiercely in st. 26, but are overcome in st. 34. Hólm- ‘Island’ in Áslákr’s nickname could refer specifically to a duelling-ground (Fritzner: holmr 2).
í ‘on’
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í (prep.): in, into
fǫr ‘the journey’
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fǫr (noun f.): journey, fate; movement
líka ‘pleasing’
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líkr (adj.): like
notes
[7, 8] líka sér eigi illa ‘was not unpleasing to him’: Lit. ‘to please him not badly’.
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