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skaldic

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Bjbp Jóms 10I

Emily Lethbridge (ed.) 2012, ‘Bjarni byskup Kolbeinsson, Jómsvíkingadrápa 10’ in Diana Whaley (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 1. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 967.

Bjarni byskup KolbeinssonJómsvíkingadrápa
91011

Heldu ‘sailed’

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halda (verb): hold, keep

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dreyrgra ‘of bloody’

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dreyrugr (adj.; °dreyrgan/dreyrugan; superl. dreyrgastr): bloody

[1] dreyrgra: ‘dryrgra’ Bb

kennings

Sterkir rjóðendr dreyrgra darra
‘The strong reddeners of bloody spears ’
   = WARRIORS

The strong reddeners of bloody spears → WARRIORS
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darra ‘spears’

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darr (noun n.; °; *-um): spear

kennings

Sterkir rjóðendr dreyrgra darra
‘The strong reddeners of bloody spears ’
   = WARRIORS

The strong reddeners of bloody spears → WARRIORS
Close

til ‘to’

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til (prep.): to

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sterkir ‘The strong’

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sterkr (adj.): strong

[2] sterkir: styrkir all others

kennings

Sterkir rjóðendr dreyrgra darra
‘The strong reddeners of bloody spears ’
   = WARRIORS

The strong reddeners of bloody spears → WARRIORS
Close

gafsk ‘came’

(not checked:)
gefa (verb): give

[3] gafsk: gaf Bb

notes

[3] gafsk ‘came’: The verb, placed before the subject, is sg. though the subject is the cpd rausn ok ríki ‘splendour and power’; cf. NS §70.

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rausn ‘splendour’

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1. rausn (noun f.): magnificence

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ok ‘and’

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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also

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ríki ‘power’

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ríki (noun n.; °-s; -): kingdom, power

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rjóðendr ‘reddeners’

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rjóðandi (noun m.): reddener

kennings

Sterkir rjóðendr dreyrgra darra
‘The strong reddeners of bloody spears ’
   = WARRIORS

The strong reddeners of bloody spears → WARRIORS
Close

skipum ‘ships’

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skip (noun n.; °-s; -): ship

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síðan ‘then’

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síðan (adv.): later, then

[4] síðan: so all others, sínum R

notes

[4] síðan ‘then’: The adv. in the ÓT mss 61, 54, and Bb is preferable to the poss. pron. sínum ‘their’ in R, since it fulfils the metrical requirement for skothending in this even line.

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Ok ‘And’

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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also

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auð ‘wealth’

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1. auðr (noun m.; °-s/-ar, dat. -i/-): wealth < auðbroti (noun m.): wealth-breaker

[5] auðbrotar: ǫrbrjótar Bb

kennings

ógnrakkastir auðbrotar
‘the extremely battle-bold wealth-breakers ’
   = GENEROUS MEN

the extremely battle-bold wealth-breakers → GENEROUS MEN
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brotar ‘breakers’

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broti (noun m.; °-a; -ar): breaker < auðbroti (noun m.): wealth-breaker

[5] auðbrotar: ǫrbrjótar Bb

kennings

ógnrakkastir auðbrotar
‘the extremely battle-bold wealth-breakers ’
   = GENEROUS MEN

the extremely battle-bold wealth-breakers → GENEROUS MEN
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erfi ‘a funeral feast’

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erfi (noun n.; °-s): funeral feast

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ógn ‘the extremely battle’

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ógn (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): terror, battle < ógnrakkr (adj.): battle-bold

kennings

ógnrakkastir auðbrotar
‘the extremely battle-bold wealth-breakers ’
   = GENEROUS MEN

the extremely battle-bold wealth-breakers → GENEROUS MEN

notes

[6] ógnrakkastir ‘extremely battle-bold’: Ógn is a battle-heiti with the specific sense ‘terror, threat’ (LP: ógn). In the ÓT mss, ógnrakkr ‘battle-bold’, the same adj. in the positive degree, is also possible, the extra syllable being supplied by þar ‘there’.

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rakkastir ‘bold’

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rakkr (adj.; °compar. -ari): bold < ógnrakkr (adj.): battle-bold

[6] ‑rakkastir: ‑rakkir þar all others

kennings

ógnrakkastir auðbrotar
‘the extremely battle-bold wealth-breakers ’
   = GENEROUS MEN

the extremely battle-bold wealth-breakers → GENEROUS MEN

notes

[6] ógnrakkastir ‘extremely battle-bold’: Ógn is a battle-heiti with the specific sense ‘terror, threat’ (LP: ógn). In the ÓT mss, ógnrakkr ‘battle-bold’, the same adj. in the positive degree, is also possible, the extra syllable being supplied by þar ‘there’.

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frák ‘I have heard that’

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1. fregna (verb): hear of

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ýmsum ‘for certain’

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ýmiss (adj.): various, alternate

[7] ýmsum: ýmsar 54

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annir ‘troubles’

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1. ǫnn (noun f.): concern, worry

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feðra ‘fathers’

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faðir (noun m.): father

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Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses

King Sveinn tjúguskegg Haraldsson of Denmark plans to hold a funeral feast in memory of his deceased father, Haraldr blátǫnn Gormsson. Strút-Haraldr, jarl of Skáney (Skåne), and Véseti of Borgundarhólmr (Bornholm) have also died recently and Sveinn sends word to their sons, Sigvaldi jarl Strút-Haraldsson, and Búi digri and Sigurðr kápa Vésetasynir, that they should attend the wake and commemorate their fathers too. The Jómsvíkingar set off for Denmark with an impressive band.

[2]: The line is metrically irregular, since constructions with enclitic prepositions (here Danmarkar til ‘to Denmark’) do not normally occur except in later poetry (Kuhn 1983, 120-2).

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