Arn Magndr 5II
Diana Whaley (ed.) 2009, ‘Arnórr jarlaskáld Þórðarson, Magnússdrápa 5’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 213-15.
Afkarlig ‘prodigious’
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afkárligr (adj.): [prodigious]
[1] Afkarlig: ‘Af kærlig’ FskBˣ, Ákaflig Flat
notes
[1] afkarlig ‘prodigious’: The word is unique in recorded ON, although afkáralegur occurs in ModIcel. and afkárr in ON (see Note to st. 3/4). It appears from the parallel rhyme of afkart : hjarta in st. 3/4, that the vowel is short here.
jarla ‘The lordly’
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jarl (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): poet, earl
[1] jarla: jǫfra FskBˣ, árla FskAˣ, H, Hr
notes
[1-2] orðgnótt jarla ‘the lordly wealth of words’: (a) Jarla and orðgnótt, consecutive in the text, are here construed together. Jarla (m. gen. pl.), lit. ‘of jarls’, probably has the adjectival sense ‘lordly, fit for an earl’ (and Kock in NN §818 notes a gen. sg. parallel from Hávm 97). Hofmann (1955, 104) suggests that the generalised sense of jarlar, ‘noblemen’, is influenced by the cognate OE eorlas or OS erlos (b) Jarla could alternatively qualify dróttinn in l. 2, hence ‘lord of jarls’. It would be unusual for Arnórr to arrange the elements of a kenning thus, but not unparalleled. In Arn Þorfdr 24/5-8, for instance, inndróttar ... geymi ‘guardian of his retinue’ is interrupted by þeim hjalpi goð and by Þorfinni which belongs to a different cl.
orðgnótt ‘wealth of words’
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orðgnótt (noun f.): wealth of words
notes
[1-2] orðgnótt jarla ‘the lordly wealth of words’: (a) Jarla and orðgnótt, consecutive in the text, are here construed together. Jarla (m. gen. pl.), lit. ‘of jarls’, probably has the adjectival sense ‘lordly, fit for an earl’ (and Kock in NN §818 notes a gen. sg. parallel from Hávm 97). Hofmann (1955, 104) suggests that the generalised sense of jarlar, ‘noblemen’, is influenced by the cognate OE eorlas or OS erlos (b) Jarla could alternatively qualify dróttinn in l. 2, hence ‘lord of jarls’. It would be unusual for Arnórr to arrange the elements of a kenning thus, but not unparalleled. In Arn Þorfdr 24/5-8, for instance, inndróttar ... geymi ‘guardian of his retinue’ is interrupted by þeim hjalpi goð and by Þorfinni which belongs to a different cl.
sús ‘with which’
[2] sús (‘su er’): sú 39
dróttinn ‘the liege’
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dróttinn (noun m.; °dróttins, dat. dróttni (drottini [$1049$]); dróttnar): lord, master
[2] dróttinn: so 39, F, E, J2ˣ, FskBˣ, FskAˣ, H, dróttin Kˣ, dróttni Flat
efnð ‘deeds’
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efnd (noun f.; °; -ir, gen. -a): fulfilment
[3] efnð: ‘eimd’ FskBˣ, erfð Hr
þvís ‘what’
[3] þvís (‘því er’): því at Hr, sú er Flat
ylgjar ‘of the she-wolf’
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ylgr (noun f.; °acc. -i): she-wolf
kennings
angrtælir ylgjar‘the grief-beguiler of the she-wolf ’
= WARRIOR = Magnús
the grief-beguiler of the she-wolf → WARRIOR = Magnús
notes
[3-4] angrtælir ylgjar ‘the grief-beguiler [GLADDENER] of the she-wolf [WARRIOR]’: For kennings of this type, see Note to Arn Hryn 7/1, 2.
angr ‘the grief’
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1. angr (noun m.; °angrs, dat. angri/angr): grief < angrtælir (noun m.)
kennings
angrtælir ylgjar‘the grief-beguiler of the she-wolf ’
= WARRIOR = Magnús
the grief-beguiler of the she-wolf → WARRIOR = Magnús
notes
[3-4] angrtælir ylgjar ‘the grief-beguiler [GLADDENER] of the she-wolf [WARRIOR]’: For kennings of this type, see Note to Arn Hryn 7/1, 2.
angr ‘the grief’
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1. angr (noun m.; °angrs, dat. angri/angr): grief < angrtælir (noun m.)
kennings
angrtælir ylgjar‘the grief-beguiler of the she-wolf ’
= WARRIOR = Magnús
the grief-beguiler of the she-wolf → WARRIOR = Magnús
notes
[3-4] angrtælir ylgjar ‘the grief-beguiler [GLADDENER] of the she-wolf [WARRIOR]’: For kennings of this type, see Note to Arn Hryn 7/1, 2.
tælir ‘beguiler’
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tælir (noun m.): [beguiler] < angrtælir (noun m.)
kennings
angrtælir ylgjar‘the grief-beguiler of the she-wolf ’
= WARRIOR = Magnús
the grief-beguiler of the she-wolf → WARRIOR = Magnús
notes
[3-4] angrtælir ylgjar ‘the grief-beguiler [GLADDENER] of the she-wolf [WARRIOR]’: For kennings of this type, see Note to Arn Hryn 7/1, 2.
tælir ‘beguiler’
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tælir (noun m.): [beguiler] < angrtælir (noun m.)
kennings
angrtælir ylgjar‘the grief-beguiler of the she-wolf ’
= WARRIOR = Magnús
the grief-beguiler of the she-wolf → WARRIOR = Magnús
notes
[3-4] angrtælir ylgjar ‘the grief-beguiler [GLADDENER] of the she-wolf [WARRIOR]’: For kennings of this type, see Note to Arn Hryn 7/1, 2.
mæla ‘say’
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1. mæla (verb): speak, say
notes
[5] at ‘that’: (a) This, the reading of all mss except for Kˣ, produces a grammatically complicated structure, in which the second helmingr is a subordinate cl. amplifying því in þvís ylgjar angrtælir réð mæla ‘what the beguiler of the she-wolf’s grief did say’ (ll. 3-4). This being so, lézk ‘said’ is redundant: one would have expected a cl. meaning ‘that he would ...’ rather than one meaning ‘that he said he would ...’. It was doubtless this rather tangled construction which gave rise to the simpler secondary variant ok ‘and’ in Kˣ. As elsewhere, the awkwardness of the original is preserved in the translation. (b) If ok ‘and’ were the correct reading, the second helmingr would form a cl. co-ordinate with the cl. built around fylgði ‘matched, followed’ in the first helmingr. Lines 3-4 would be parenthetic.
framm ‘ahead’
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fram (adv.): out, forth, forwards, away
notes
[5] framm ‘ahead’: (a) The adv. is construed here with í gný ... grafnings, hence ‘ahead in the battle, in the vanguard’. Although the adv. is usually directional, a static sense is also attested in phrases such as aptr ok fram(m) ‘fore and aft’. (b) Kock (NN §819), assumes a temporal sense ‘further, in the future’ (vidare, allt framjent), but his two other citations (Sigv ErfÓl 11/2I and ÞjóðA Magn 7/8) could equally well support interpretation (a), since, as in st. 5, framm is juxtaposed with a phrase meaning ‘in battle/battle-array’. (c) Bjarni Aðalbjarnarson (ÍF 28, 33 n.) construes falla framm together as ‘fall on his face’ (falla á grúfu).
í ‘in’
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í (prep.): in, into
gný ‘clash’
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gnýr (noun m.): din, tumult
kennings
grimmum gný grafnings‘the cruel clash of the graven shield, ’
= BATTLE
the cruel clash of the graven shield, → BATTLE
grimmum ‘the cruel’
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grimmr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): fierce
[5] grimmum: grimman Flat
kennings
grimmum gný grafnings‘the cruel clash of the graven shield, ’
= BATTLE
the cruel clash of the graven shield, → BATTLE
grafnings ‘of the graven shield’
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grafningr (noun m.): graven shield
[6] grafnings: grafning 39, grams FskBˣ
kennings
grimmum gný grafnings‘the cruel clash of the graven shield, ’
= BATTLE
the cruel clash of the graven shield, → BATTLE
notes
[6] grafnings ‘of the graven shield’: On grafningr, see Note to Arn Rǫgndr 1/2.
hrafni ‘of the raven’
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hrafn (noun m.; °hrafns; dat. hrafni; hrafnar): raven
[6] hrafni: jafni FskBˣ
fúss ‘glad’
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fúss (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): eager, willing
falla ‘he would fall’
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falla (verb): fall
ræsir ‘the prince’
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ræsir (noun m.): ruler
feigr ‘doomed’
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feigr (adj.; °compar. -ari/ri): fated to die, fey, dead
[8] feigr: feigð 39
eða ‘or else’
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eða (conj.): or
Danmǫrk ‘Denmark’
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Danmǫrk (noun f.): [Denmark]
eiga ‘possess’
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2. eiga (verb; °á/eigr (præs. pl. 3. pers. eigu/eiga); átti, áttu; átt): own, have
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
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Afkarlig varð jarla |
The lordly wealth of words with which the liege was endowed was prodigious; his deeds matched what the grief-beguiler [GLADDENER] of the she-wolf [WARRIOR = Magnús] did say: that the prince said, glad, he would fall doomed under the claw of the raven, ahead in the cruel clash of the graven shield [BATTLE], or else possess Denmark.
In Hkr, Snorri tells of a message that Magnús sent to the Danes after Hǫrðaknútr’s death in England, reminding them of his claim to Denmark, and takes this st. as a reference to this. In Fsk too, Hǫrðaknútr is said to have died in England. Magnús receives the news in Norway and vows publicly to possess Denmark; there is no mention of an embassy to the Danes. In H-Hr and Flat, the st. follows the account, mentioned in the Context to Arn Hryn 9, of the feast held for Magnús in Denmark at which Hǫrðaknútr is poisoned. In the H-Hr version Magnús declaims his vow immediately, while in Flat it is spoken after his return to Norway.
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