Arn Magndr 10II
Diana Whaley (ed.) 2009, ‘Arnórr jarlaskáld Þórðarson, Magnússdrápa 10’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 219-20.
Óð ‘stormed’
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vaða (verb): advance, wade
með ‘with’
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með (prep.): with
øxi ‘axe’
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øx (noun f.; °øxar/exar, dat. øxi/exi, acc. øxi/øx; -ar): axe
breiða ‘broad’
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breiðr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): broad, wide
ódæsinn ‘The unsluggish’
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ódæsinn (adj./verb p.p.): [unsluggish]
[2] ódæsinn: ‘odælinn’ E, ‘odræsinn’ 325V, Tóm
notes
[2] ódæsinn ‘unsluggish’: I.e. ‘energetic’. Ódæsinn is recorded only here, although dæsinn and dásinn, both ‘inactive, feeble’ each appears once in LP, and dási m. ‘sluggish, inactive person’ twice. The literal sense of ódæsinn is ‘not out of breath, unwearied’ (cf. dæsa(sk) ‘groan, lose one’s breath from exhaustion’, p. p. dæstr ‘exhausted’).
ræsir ‘ruler’
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ræsir (noun m.): ruler
hilmi ‘the ruler’
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hilmir (noun m.): prince, protector
kennings
hilmi Hǫrða,‘the ruler of the Hǫrðar, ’
= NORWEGIAN KING = Magnús
the ruler of the Hǫrðar, → NORWEGIAN KING = Magnús
kennings
hilmi Hǫrða,‘the ruler of the Hǫrðar, ’
= NORWEGIAN KING = Magnús
the ruler of the Hǫrðar, → NORWEGIAN KING = Magnús
hjǫr ‘a sword’
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hjǫrr (noun m.): sword < hjǫrdynr (noun m.): [a sword-clash]
[4] hjǫrdynr: ‘hiordvnr’ Bb, ‘hiorðine’ FskBˣ, hjǫrdyn H, Hr, hrædýr Flat
kennings
hjǫrdynr‘a sword-clash ’
= BATTLE
a sword-clash → BATTLE
dynr ‘clash’
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dynr (noun m.; °dat. -; -ir): din < hjǫrdynr (noun m.): [a sword-clash]
[4] hjǫrdynr: ‘hiordvnr’ Bb, ‘hiorðine’ FskBˣ, hjǫrdyn H, Hr, hrædýr Flat
kennings
hjǫrdynr‘a sword-clash ’
= BATTLE
a sword-clash → BATTLE
ok ‘and’
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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
[4] ok: so F, Holm2, 972ˣ, 325VI, 321ˣ, 325V, 61, Bb, Tóm, FskBˣ, FskAˣ, H, Hr, Flat, en Kˣ, er E, J2ˣ
notes
[4] ok ‘and’: En ‘and/but’ in the main ms. Kˣ and 39 also gives excellent sense, but ok has by far the stronger ms. support.
varp ‘cast off’
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1. verpa (verb): to throw, cast (up)
brynju ‘byrnie’
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1. brynja (noun f.; °-u (dat. brynnoni Gibb 38⁹); -ur): mailcoat
[4] brynju: brynjum Hr, Flat
þás ‘as’
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þás (conj.): when
[5] þás (‘þa er’): þar er E, J2ˣ, Holm2, þat er 325VI, 321ˣ, þá 325V
of ‘around’
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3. of (prep.): around, from; too
skipti ‘allotted’
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skipta (verb): share, divide, exchange
[5] skipti: skeptir 61, Tóm, skepti Flat
skap ‘the shaping’
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1. skap (noun n.; °-s; *-): mind, fate < skapvǫrðr (noun m.)
kennings
skapvǫrðr himins‘the shaping guardian of heaven ’
= God
the shaping guardian of heaven → God
notes
[6] skapvǫrðr himins ‘the shaping guardian of heaven [= God]’: Skapvǫrðr is a hap. leg. in which skap- could have the active sense ‘creating, shaping, fashioning’ emphasised here, or the passive ‘natural, fated’ as in the adjectives skapligr ‘natural, suitable’ and skapdauði ‘fated to die’.
vǫrðr ‘guardian’
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vǫrðr (noun m.; °varðar, dat. verði/vǫrð; verðir, acc. vǫrðu): guardian, defender < skapvǫrðr (noun m.)
[6] ‑vǫrðr: vǫrð 61
kennings
skapvǫrðr himins‘the shaping guardian of heaven ’
= God
the shaping guardian of heaven → God
notes
[6] skapvǫrðr himins ‘the shaping guardian of heaven [= God]’: Skapvǫrðr is a hap. leg. in which skap- could have the active sense ‘creating, shaping, fashioning’ emphasised here, or the passive ‘natural, fated’ as in the adjectives skapligr ‘natural, suitable’ and skapdauði ‘fated to die’.
himins ‘of heaven’
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himinn (noun m.; °himins, dat. himni; himnar): heaven, sky
[6] himins: ‘himis’ 325V
kennings
skapvǫrðr himins‘the shaping guardian of heaven ’
= God
the shaping guardian of heaven → God
notes
[6] skapvǫrðr himins ‘the shaping guardian of heaven [= God]’: Skapvǫrðr is a hap. leg. in which skap- could have the active sense ‘creating, shaping, fashioning’ emphasised here, or the passive ‘natural, fated’ as in the adjectives skapligr ‘natural, suitable’ and skapdauði ‘fated to die’.
jǫrðu ‘earth’
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jǫrð (noun f.; °jarðar, dat. -u; jarðir/jarðar(DN I (1367) 304)): ground, earth
notes
[7] Hel: The axe Hel had, according to Snorri, been owned by Magnús’s father Óláfr (MgóðHkr ch. 28, ÍF 28, 43). Theodoricus, in his Historia (MHN 49) also reports that Magnús wielded his father’s axe (not there named) two-handed at Lyrskovshede (Hlýrskógsheiðr), and that it was shattered in the battle but is partly preserved in the cathedral at Trondheim (Niðaróss). Hel was the goddess of death and her realm in pre-Christian mythology, and by juxtaposing the name with himins ‘heaven’s’ and jǫrðu ‘earth’ (both l. 6) the skald seems to encourage these associations.
klauf ‘clove’
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kljúfa (verb): cleave
[7] Hel klauf hausa fǫlva: om. 61; klauf: ‘klaup’ 321ˣ
hausa ‘skulls’
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hauss (noun m.; °hauss, dat. hausi/haus; hausar): skull
[7] Hel klauf hausa fǫlva: om. 61
hendr ‘hands’
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hǫnd (noun f.; °handar, dat. hendi; hendr (hendir StatPáll³ 752¹²)): hand
jǫfurr ‘the prince’
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jǫfurr (noun m.): ruler, prince
[8] jǫfurr spendi: so 39, F, E, J2ˣ, Holm2, 972ˣ, 325VI, 321ˣ, 325V, 61, Bb, FskBˣ, H, Hr, Flat, jǫfurs spendu Kˣ, jǫfur spendar Tóm
spendi ‘clenched’
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spenja (verb): entice
[8] jǫfurr spendi: so 39, F, E, J2ˣ, Holm2, 972ˣ, 325VI, 321ˣ, 325V, 61, Bb, FskBˣ, H, Hr, Flat, jǫfurs spendu Kˣ, jǫfur spendar Tóm
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
In Hkr, ÓH and H-Hr, the st. is quoted near the beginning of the account of the battle of Lyrskovshede (Hlýrskógsheiðr). After receiving heartening portents, Magnús casts off his byrnie and rushes into the attack. In Flat, st. 10 is the first of three sts by Arnórr which are quoted at the end of the brief account of the battle; it has the same summary role in Fsk.
This battle is also commemorated in st. 11 below, ÞjóðA Magnfl 6-7, Arn Hryn 13 and Þfagr Sveinn 1.
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