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Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Arn Hryn 6II

Diana Whaley (ed.) 2009, ‘Arnórr jarlaskáld Þórðarson, Hrynhenda, Magnússdrápa 6’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 190-1.

Arnórr jarlaskáld ÞórðarsonHrynhenda, Magnússdrápa
567

Austan komt með allra hæstum,
Yggjar môs, í þrœnzkar byggðir,
fiðrirjóðr, en fjandmenn yðra
falma kvôðu, œgishjalmi.
Breiðask vissu, blágamms fœðir
benja kolgu, yðrir dolgar
— hræddir urðu fjǫrvi at forða
fjandmenn þínir — vesǫld sína.

{Fiðrirjóðr {môs Yggjar}}, komt austan í þrœnzkar byggðir með allra hæstum œgishjalmi, en kvôðu fjandmenn yðra falma. Dolgar yðrir, {fœðir {blágamms {kolgu benja}}}, vissu vesǫld sína breiðask; fjandmenn þínir urðu hræddir at forða fjǫrvi.

{Feather-reddener {of the gull of Yggr <= Óðinn>}} [RAVEN > WARRIOR], you came from the east into the Trøndelag settlements with the highest of all helmet of terror, and they said that your enemies faltered. Your foes, {feeder {of the dark vulture {of the surf of wounds}}} [BLOOD > RAVEN > WARRIOR], knew that their wretchedness was growing; your enemies were forced, fearful, to save their lives.

Mss: Kˣ(496r), 39(12va), F(37rb), E(3v), J2ˣ(240r) (Hkr); Holm2(73r), 972ˣ(579va), 325VI(41ra), 73aˣ(213r), Holm4(68va), 325VII(41r), 325V(88ra), 61(129va), Bb(205ra), Tóm(160r) (ÓH, ll. 1-4); Hr(3vb) (H-Hr, ll. 1-4); W(168) (SnE, ll. 1-4); papp10ˣ(47v), 2368ˣ(112), 743ˣ(86r) (LaufE, ll. 1-4)

Readings: [1] allra hæstum: hæstum tíma 325V;    hæstum: hæstan E, J2ˣ, Holm2, 325VI, ‘hædstan’ 73aˣ, hraustum Hr, mestan W, papp10ˣ, 2368ˣ, 743ˣ    [2] môs: ‘márs’ F, máls 325VI, 61, Tóm, ‘mꜳrs’ 73aˣ, ‘mars’ Holm4, malms 325VII, Bb, mál 325V, ‘máárs’ W, ‘märs’ papp10ˣ, 2368ˣ, 743ˣ;    þrœnzkar: so 39, F, E, J2ˣ, Holm2, 325VI, 73aˣ, Holm4, 325VII, 325V, 61, Tóm, W, papp10ˣ, 2368ˣ, 743ˣ, Þrœnda Kˣ, sœnskar Bb, Hr;    byggðir: om. W    [3] ‑rjóðr: ‘‑mordr’ or ‘‑niordr’ 61, ‑morðr Tóm;    fjandmenn: fjandinn papp10ˣ;    yðra: yðrar E, J2ˣ, yðrir Holm4    [4] ‑hjalmi: ‑hjalma Hr, W, papp10ˣ, 2368ˣ    [5] Breiðask: breiðar E;    vissu: ‘visu’ J2ˣ    [6] benja: ‘bǫnia’ J2ˣ;    kolgu: ‘kolgo᷎r’ E    [7] at: om. 39, E, J2ˣ

Editions: Skj AI, 334, Skj BI, 307, Skald I, 156; Hkr 1893-1901, III, 8-9, ÍF 28, 8-9, Hkr 1991, 561 (Mgóð ch. 2), F 1871, 169, E 1916, 9; ÓH 1941, I, 615 (ch. 252); Fms 6, 24 (Mgóð ch. 11), Fms 12, 127; SnE 1848-87, II, 498; LaufE 1979, 290, 370; Whaley 1998, 155-6.

Context: In Hkr and H-Hr, the st. is paraphrased, with the added comment that Magnús was welcomed by the Norwegians (this is elaborated in H-Hr), and then cited. In ÓH it follows st. 5 with a minimal link. In SnE, Snorri is citing kennings in which a man is referred to as provider of food for carrion-beasts, in this case fiðrirjóðr ms Yggjar ‘feather-reddener of Yggr’s (i.e. Óðinn’s) gull’ (so also LaufE).

Notes: [All]: In ÓH and H-Hr, sts 6/1-4 and 7 form a single st. and 6/5-8 is not quoted, but the more complete sequence in Hkr is more coherent (Magnús alarms his foes, their abject terror increases, his rival flees). — [2] í þrœnzkar byggðir ‘into the Trøndelag settlements’: The translation is equally valid for both readings, Þrœnda, lit. ‘of the Þrœndir, people of Trøndelag (Þrœndalǫg)’, and þrœnzkar ‘of, belonging to Trøndelag’, but Þrœnda, only in Kˣ is clearly secondary. Sœnskar ‘Swedish’ in Bb, Hr is an error.

References

  1. Bibliography
  2. Fms = Sveinbjörn Egilsson et al., eds. 1825-37. Fornmanna sögur eptir gömlum handritum útgefnar að tilhlutun hins norræna fornfræða fèlags. 12 vols. Copenhagen: Popp.
  3. SnE 1848-87 = Snorri Sturluson. 1848-87. Edda Snorra Sturlusonar: Edda Snorronis Sturlaei. Ed. Jón Sigurðsson et al. 3 vols. Copenhagen: Legatum Arnamagnaeanum. Rpt. Osnabrück: Zeller, 1966.
  4. Skald = Kock, Ernst Albin, ed. 1946-50. Den norsk-isländska skaldediktningen. 2 vols. Lund: Gleerup.
  5. LaufE 1979 = Faulkes, Anthony, ed. 1979. Edda Magnúsar Ólafssonar (Laufás Edda). RSÁM 13. Vol. I of Two Versions of Snorra Edda from the 17th Century. Reykjavík: Stofnun Árna Magnússonar, 1977-9.
  6. Whaley, Diana, ed. and trans. 1998. The Poetry of Arnórr jarlaskáld: An Edition and Study. Westfield Publications in Medieval Studies 8. Turnhout: Brepols.
  7. ÓH 1941 = Johnsen, Oscar Albert and Jón Helgason, eds. 1941. Saga Óláfs konungs hins helga: Den store saga om Olav den hellige efter pergamenthåndskrift i Kungliga biblioteket i Stockholm nr. 2 4to med varianter fra andre håndskrifter. 2 vols. Det norske historiske kildeskriftfond skrifter 53. Oslo: Dybwad.
  8. ÍF 26-8 = Heimskringla. Ed. Bjarni Aðalbjarnarson. 1941-51.
  9. Hkr 1893-1901 = Finnur Jónsson, ed. 1893-1901. Heimskringla: Nóregs konunga sǫgur af Snorri Sturluson. 4 vols. SUGNL 23. Copenhagen: Møller.
  10. Hkr 1991 = Bergljót S. Kristjánsdóttir et al., eds. 1991. Heimskringla. 3 vols. Reykjavík: Mál og menning.
  11. F 1871 = Unger, C. R., ed. 1871. Fríssbók: Codex Frisianus. En samling af norske konge-sagaer. Christiania (Oslo): Malling.
  12. E 1916 = Finnur Jónsson, ed. 1916. Eirspennill: AM 47 fol. Nóregs konunga sǫgur: Magnús góði – Hákon gamli. Kristiania (Oslo): Den norske historiske kildeskriftskommission.
  13. Internal references
  14. Edith Marold 2017, ‘Snorra Edda (Prologue, Gylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál)’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols [check printed volume for citation].
  15. (forthcoming), ‘ Unattributed, Heimskringla’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, p. . <https://skaldic.org/m.php?p=text&i=4> (accessed 25 April 2024)
  16. (forthcoming), ‘ Unattributed, Óláfs saga helga’ in Diana Whaley (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 1. Turnhout: Brepols, p. . <https://skaldic.org/m.php?p=text&i=53> (accessed 25 April 2024)
  17. (forthcoming), ‘ Unattributed, Hulda-Hrokkinskinna’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, p. . <https://skaldic.org/m.php?p=text&i=84> (accessed 25 April 2024)
  18. (forthcoming), ‘ Unattributed, Laufás Edda’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. . <https://skaldic.org/m.php?p=text&i=10928> (accessed 25 April 2024)
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