Arn Hryn 5II
Diana Whaley (ed.) 2009, ‘Arnórr jarlaskáld Þórðarson, Hrynhenda, Magnússdrápa 5’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 189-90.
Rauðar ‘red’
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rauðr (adj.; °compar. -ari): red
bôruð ‘you carried’
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3. bera (verb; °berr; bar, báru; borinn): bear, carry
randir ‘shields’
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rǫnd (noun f.; °dat. -/-u; rendr/randir): shield, shield-rim
kennings
Yggr rimmu,‘Yggr of battle, ’
= WARRIOR
Yggr of battle, → WARRIOR
kennings
Yggr rimmu,‘Yggr of battle, ’
= WARRIOR
Yggr of battle, → WARRIOR
of ‘through’
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3. of (prep.): around, from; too
[2] of (‘um’): í E, J2ˣ, Holm2, 972ˣ, 325VI, 73aˣ, Holm4, 325VII, 325V, 61, Bb, Tóm, Hr
byggðir ‘settlements’
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byggð (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): dwelling, settlement
eigi ‘not’
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3. eigi (adv.): not
gaztu ‘gain’
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2. geta (verb): to beget, give birth to, mention, speak of; to think well of, like, love
liðskost ‘pick of troops’
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liðskostr (noun m.): [pick of troops]
[3] liðskost: liðkost Holm4, 61, Tóm, ‘lidskot’ Bb
lágan ‘a poor’
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lágr (adj.; °comp. lǽgri, superl. lǽgstr): low
landsfolk ‘the men of the land’
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landsfolk (noun n.): people of the country
[4] landsfolk: landfolk F, Holm2, 61, Bb, land her 325VI, 73aˣ, Hr
sótti ‘put themselves’
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sœkja (verb): seek, attack
þér ‘your’
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þú (pron.; °gen. þín, dat. þér, acc. þik): you
til ‘in’
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til (prep.): to
handa ‘hands’
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hǫnd (noun f.; °handar, dat. hendi; hendr (hendir StatPáll³ 752¹²)): hand
Austan ‘from the east’
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austan (adv.): from the east
þurðuð ‘you swept’
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1. þverra (verb): diminish
[5] þurðuð (‘þurþut’): þurðusk J2ˣ, þorðut 73aˣ, 325VII, 325V, 61, Hr, ‘þyrdvt’ Bb
notes
[5] þurðuð ‘you swept’: 2nd pers. pl. pret. indic. of þyrja. As the only verb in the helmingr, this must be construed as predicate to nom. pl. teknir menn ‘men chosen’ (l. 8, see Note below).
kennings
Tungurjóðr ferðar ulfa, kunnr ǫldum,‘Tongue-reddener of the pack of wolves, renowned to peoples, ’
= WARRIOR
Tongue-reddener of the pack of wolves, renowned to peoples, → WARRIOR
ferðar ‘of the pack’
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ferð (noun f.; °-ar; -ir/-arMork 196¹²)): host, journey
[5] ferðar: skerðir 61, ferðir Bb
kennings
Tungurjóðr ferðar ulfa, kunnr ǫldum,‘Tongue-reddener of the pack of wolves, renowned to peoples, ’
= WARRIOR
Tongue-reddener of the pack of wolves, renowned to peoples, → WARRIOR
kennings
Tungurjóðr ferðar ulfa, kunnr ǫldum,‘Tongue-reddener of the pack of wolves, renowned to peoples, ’
= WARRIOR
Tongue-reddener of the pack of wolves, renowned to peoples, → WARRIOR
kunnr ‘renowned’
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kunnr (adj.): known (?)
kennings
Tungurjóðr ferðar ulfa, kunnr ǫldum,‘Tongue-reddener of the pack of wolves, renowned to peoples, ’
= WARRIOR
Tongue-reddener of the pack of wolves, renowned to peoples, → WARRIOR
hvíta ‘white’
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hvítr (adj.; °-an; -ari, -astr): white
skjǫldu ‘shields’
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skjǫldr (noun m.; °skjaldar/skildar, dat. skildi; skildir, acc. skjǫldu): shield
[6] skjǫldu: ‘sceylldu’(?) Holm2
tungu ‘Tongue’
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tunga (noun f.; °-u; -ur): tongue, language < tungurjóðr (noun m.): tongue-reddener
[7] tungu‑: tuggu‑ 325V
kennings
Tungurjóðr ferðar ulfa, kunnr ǫldum,‘Tongue-reddener of the pack of wolves, renowned to peoples, ’
= WARRIOR
Tongue-reddener of the pack of wolves, renowned to peoples, → WARRIOR
rjóðr ‘reddener’
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1. rjóðr (noun m.): reddener < tungurjóðr (noun m.): tongue-reddener
kennings
Tungurjóðr ferðar ulfa, kunnr ǫldum,‘Tongue-reddener of the pack of wolves, renowned to peoples, ’
= WARRIOR
Tongue-reddener of the pack of wolves, renowned to peoples, → WARRIOR
notes
[7] til tírarþinga ‘for glorious encounters’: (a) Although similar in construction to a kenning, tírarþing is not a true kenning. Þing can stand alone in the sense ‘battle’ (as in Sigv Víkv 11/3I, the only sure example), and tírar ‘of glory’ has here an adjectival rather than substantival role. (b) The variant tirrar is secondary, since preserved only in the unreliable Bb, but it could be gen. sg. of a rare word for ‘sword’ (see Whaley 1998, 154).
tírar ‘glorious’
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tírr (noun m.; °-s): glory, honour < tírarþing (noun n.)
[7] tírar‑: ‘tirrar’ Bb
notes
[7] til tírarþinga ‘for glorious encounters’: (a) Although similar in construction to a kenning, tírarþing is not a true kenning. Þing can stand alone in the sense ‘battle’ (as in Sigv Víkv 11/3I, the only sure example), and tírar ‘of glory’ has here an adjectival rather than substantival role. (b) The variant tirrar is secondary, since preserved only in the unreliable Bb, but it could be gen. sg. of a rare word for ‘sword’ (see Whaley 1998, 154).
þinga ‘ encounters’
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þing (noun n.; °-s; -): meeting, assembly < tírarþing (noun n.)
[7] ‑þinga: þingum 325VI, 73aˣ, unga 325VII, Tóm, ungrar 61
notes
[7] til tírarþinga ‘for glorious encounters’: (a) Although similar in construction to a kenning, tírarþing is not a true kenning. Þing can stand alone in the sense ‘battle’ (as in Sigv Víkv 11/3I, the only sure example), and tírar ‘of glory’ has here an adjectival rather than substantival role. (b) The variant tirrar is secondary, since preserved only in the unreliable Bb, but it could be gen. sg. of a rare word for ‘sword’ (see Whaley 1998, 154).
teknir ‘chosen’
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2. taka (verb): take
notes
[8] menn teknir ‘men chosen’: No recorded use of taka/tekinn, normally ‘take/taken’ suits the present context, but two meanings of taka til are possible if teknir til tírarþinga are construed together. (a) ‘Choose, elect’ occurs, completed either by the name of a position such as konungs ‘king’ or frillu ‘mistress’, by a more abstract term such as gerðar ‘arbitration’, or by an at-cl. (Fritzner: taka til 9). This seems to give the best sense in the present context, although it is not specified by whom Magnús and company are ‘chosen’: presumably God or an abstract destiny. This is Finnur Jónsson’s interpretation in Skj B. Kock accepts the sense ‘chosen’ for teknir, but does not construe it with til tírarþinga, which he takes rather with þurðu ‘rushed’ (NN §1133). (b) Teknir til tírarþinga could alternatively mean ‘famed for glorious encounters’, since taka e-n, e-s til e-s can refer to reputation, as in Hann var til þess tekinn, at honum var verra til hjóna en ǫðrum mǫnnum ‘He had the reputation of being worse off for servants than others’, Grettis saga (Gr, ch. 30, ÍF 7, 101, quoted in Fritzner: taka til 10).
menn ‘men’
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maðr (noun m.): man, person
notes
[8] menn teknir ‘men chosen’: No recorded use of taka/tekinn, normally ‘take/taken’ suits the present context, but two meanings of taka til are possible if teknir til tírarþinga are construed together. (a) ‘Choose, elect’ occurs, completed either by the name of a position such as konungs ‘king’ or frillu ‘mistress’, by a more abstract term such as gerðar ‘arbitration’, or by an at-cl. (Fritzner: taka til 9). This seems to give the best sense in the present context, although it is not specified by whom Magnús and company are ‘chosen’: presumably God or an abstract destiny. This is Finnur Jónsson’s interpretation in Skj B. Kock accepts the sense ‘chosen’ for teknir, but does not construe it with til tírarþinga, which he takes rather with þurðu ‘rushed’ (NN §1133). (b) Teknir til tírarþinga could alternatively mean ‘famed for glorious encounters’, since taka e-n, e-s til e-s can refer to reputation, as in Hann var til þess tekinn, at honum var verra til hjóna en ǫðrum mǫnnum ‘He had the reputation of being worse off for servants than others’, Grettis saga (Gr, ch. 30, ÍF 7, 101, quoted in Fritzner: taka til 10).
dǫrr ‘spears’
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dǫrr (noun m.): spear
in ‘’
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2. inn (art.): the
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
Next you carried red shields, Yggr <= Óðinn> of battle [WARRIOR], through Swedish settlements; you did not gain a poor pick of troops; the men of the land put themselves in your hands. Tongue-reddener of the pack of wolves, renowned to peoples [WARRIOR], you swept from the east, men chosen for glorious encounters, with white shields and inlaid spears.
In ÓH and Hkr, Snorri prefaces the st. by a comment that Magnús and his force went overland to Hälsingland (Helsingjaland). In H-Hr, the st. follows Hryn 4, separated only by a remark on the support Magnús won in Sweden.
The source poem is named as (dat. sg. following í) ‘hermandini’ (variants ‘hryniandini’, ‘hryneande’) in ÓH and as ‘hrunhendu’ in Hr. — [3-4]: Arnórr’s reference to the Swedes’ willing support of Magnús is illuminated by Sigv Ást 1-3I, in which the skald praises Ástríðr, widow of Óláfr helgi, for generously helping her stepson Magnús to win Norway. She put his case to a great force of Swedes, assembled at Hangrar (unidentified p. n.), near Sigtuna (Sigtún), and (presumably) won them over.
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