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skaldic

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Arn Hryn 18II

Diana Whaley (ed.) 2009, ‘Arnórr jarlaskáld Þórðarson, Hrynhenda, Magnússdrápa 18’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 204.

Arnórr jarlaskáld ÞórðarsonHrynhenda, Magnússdrápa
171819

Mǫnnum ‘to men’

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maðr (noun m.): man, person

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lízk ‘It seems’

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líta (verb): look, see; appear

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es ‘as’

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2. er (conj.): who, which, when

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mildingr ‘the ruler’

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mildingr (noun m.; °-s): ruler, generous one

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rennir ‘skim’

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2. renna (verb): run (strong)

notes

[1-2] rennir skíði sævar hlíðir Meita ‘makes the ski of the ocean [SHIP] skim the slopes of Meiti <sea-king> [SEA]’: Rennir, from the weak verb renna ‘make run’, is here taken as governing skíði as its direct object in the dat. sg. It could alternatively, without any great difference of meaning, be taken as absolute, hence ‘(the ruler) skims the slopes of Meiti with the ski of the ocean’. The harmonisation of imagery, with the base-words of the kennings producing a subsidiary picture of a prince skiing over snow-slopes, constitutes nygørving, lit. ‘new creation, innovation’ (see SnSt Ht 6III, SnE 1999, 6-7).

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Meita ‘of Meiti’

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Meiti (noun m.): Meiti

[2] Meita: ‘meída’ Flat

kennings

hlíðir Meita,
‘the slopes of Meiti, ’
   = SEA

the slopes of Meiti, → SEA

notes

[1-2] rennir skíði sævar hlíðir Meita ‘makes the ski of the ocean [SHIP] skim the slopes of Meiti <sea-king> [SEA]’: Rennir, from the weak verb renna ‘make run’, is here taken as governing skíði as its direct object in the dat. sg. It could alternatively, without any great difference of meaning, be taken as absolute, hence ‘(the ruler) skims the slopes of Meiti with the ski of the ocean’. The harmonisation of imagery, with the base-words of the kennings producing a subsidiary picture of a prince skiing over snow-slopes, constitutes nygørving, lit. ‘new creation, innovation’ (see SnSt Ht 6III, SnE 1999, 6-7).

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hlíðir ‘the slopes’

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1. hlíð (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): slope

[2] hlíðir: hlíðar Hr

kennings

hlíðir Meita,
‘the slopes of Meiti, ’
   = SEA

the slopes of Meiti, → SEA

notes

[1-2] rennir skíði sævar hlíðir Meita ‘makes the ski of the ocean [SHIP] skim the slopes of Meiti <sea-king> [SEA]’: Rennir, from the weak verb renna ‘make run’, is here taken as governing skíði as its direct object in the dat. sg. It could alternatively, without any great difference of meaning, be taken as absolute, hence ‘(the ruler) skims the slopes of Meiti with the ski of the ocean’. The harmonisation of imagery, with the base-words of the kennings producing a subsidiary picture of a prince skiing over snow-slopes, constitutes nygørving, lit. ‘new creation, innovation’ (see SnSt Ht 6III, SnE 1999, 6-7).

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sævar ‘of the ocean’

(not checked:)
sjór (noun m.): sea

kennings

skíði sævar
‘the ski of the ocean ’
   = SHIP

the ski of the ocean → SHIP

notes

[1-2] rennir skíði sævar hlíðir Meita ‘makes the ski of the ocean [SHIP] skim the slopes of Meiti <sea-king> [SEA]’: Rennir, from the weak verb renna ‘make run’, is here taken as governing skíði as its direct object in the dat. sg. It could alternatively, without any great difference of meaning, be taken as absolute, hence ‘(the ruler) skims the slopes of Meiti with the ski of the ocean’. The harmonisation of imagery, with the base-words of the kennings producing a subsidiary picture of a prince skiing over snow-slopes, constitutes nygørving, lit. ‘new creation, innovation’ (see SnSt Ht 6III, SnE 1999, 6-7).

Close

skíði ‘the ski’

(not checked:)
skíð (noun n.; °; -): ski

kennings

skíði sævar
‘the ski of the ocean ’
   = SHIP

the ski of the ocean → SHIP

notes

[1-2] rennir skíði sævar hlíðir Meita ‘makes the ski of the ocean [SHIP] skim the slopes of Meiti <sea-king> [SEA]’: Rennir, from the weak verb renna ‘make run’, is here taken as governing skíði as its direct object in the dat. sg. It could alternatively, without any great difference of meaning, be taken as absolute, hence ‘(the ruler) skims the slopes of Meiti with the ski of the ocean’. The harmonisation of imagery, with the base-words of the kennings producing a subsidiary picture of a prince skiing over snow-slopes, constitutes nygørving, lit. ‘new creation, innovation’ (see SnSt Ht 6III, SnE 1999, 6-7).

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unnir ‘the waves’

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2. unnr (noun f.): wave

notes

[3] unnir (f. nom. pl.) ‘the waves’: All four mss have ‘unnar’, but this is a f. i-stem noun, in which nom./acc. pl. in -ir is normal, and -ar old and rare (ANG §391.4).

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jafnt ‘just’

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jafnt (adv.): constantly, always

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sem ‘as though’

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sem (conj.): as, which

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ósamt ‘with him’

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ósamr (adj.): [with him]

notes

[3] ósamt ‘with him’: The mss all have ‘osamt’, which could mean ‘unwilling’, qualifying nom. sg. fylki or else an adverbial ‘unwillingly’, but this seems so unlikely in context that it seems preferable to assume a form of ásamt ‘together’ (so Skald), albeit unparalleled in skaldic poetry. Finnur Jónsson also assumed the sense ‘together’ (samlet) but printed ofsamt in Skj B, while in LP: ósamt he cross-references the word to ofsamt (which, however, has no entry) and to ásamt.

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renni ‘were skimming’

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2. renna (verb): run (strong)

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engla ‘of angels’

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1. engill (noun m.; °engils; englar): angel

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fylki ‘the host’

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fylkir (noun m.): leader

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himna ‘of the skies’’

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himinn (noun m.; °himins, dat. himni; himnar): heaven, sky

kennings

þengils himna
‘of the skies’ prince ’
   = God

the skies’ prince → God
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þengils ‘prince’

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þengill (noun m.): prince, ruler

kennings

þengils himna
‘of the skies’ prince ’
   = God

the skies’ prince → God
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As for sts 3, 16 and 17.

[3]: The l. contains triple (vocalic) alliteration rather than the expected double, but there is no other reason to suspect textual corruption.

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