Arn Hryn 14II
Diana Whaley (ed.) 2009, ‘Arnórr jarlaskáld Þórðarson, Hrynhenda, Magnússdrápa 14’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 200-1.
Hefnir ‘Avenger’
(not checked:)
hefnir (noun m.): avenger
kennings
Hefnir Ôleifs,‘Avenger of Óláfr, ’
= Magnús
Avenger of Óláfr, → Magnús
fenguð ‘you furnished’
(not checked:)
2. fá (verb; °fǽr; fekk, fengu; fenginn): get, receive
yrkisefni ‘matter for the verse’
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yrkisefni (noun n.): material for a poem
Ôleifs ‘of Óláfr’
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Óláfr (noun m.): Óláfr
kennings
Hefnir Ôleifs,‘Avenger of Óláfr, ’
= Magnús
Avenger of Óláfr, → Magnús
gervik ‘I fashion’
(not checked:)
1. gera (verb): do, make
slíkt ‘such’
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2. slíkr (adj.): such
at ‘into’
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3. at (prep.): at, to
môlum ‘words’
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1. mál (noun n.; °-s; -): speech, matter
notes
[2] môlum ‘words’: Kreutzer (1977, 86) cites this context as a particularly clear case of ml being used specifically to refer to the poetry itself, as opposed to the yrkisefni ‘matter for verse, for composition’ (l. 1). The translation here preserves the broader, more basic sense of ml, ‘words, speech’.
Hlakkar ‘of Hlǫkk’
(not checked:)
2. Hlǫkk (noun f.): Hlǫkk
kennings
hauka Hlakkar‘hawks of Hlǫkk ’
= RAVENS/EAGLES
hawks of Hlǫkk → RAVENS/EAGLES
lætr ‘allow’
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láta (verb): let, have sth done
hræ ‘the corpse’
(not checked:)
hræ (noun n.; °; -): corpse, carrion < hrælǫgr (noun m.): [corpse-sea]
kennings
hrælǫg;‘the corpse-sea; ’
= BLOOD
the corpse-sea; → BLOOD
lǫg ‘sea’
(not checked:)
lǫgr (noun m.; °lagar, dat. legi): sea < hrælǫgr (noun m.): [corpse-sea]
kennings
hrælǫg;‘the corpse-sea; ’
= BLOOD
the corpse-sea; → BLOOD
drekka ‘to drink’
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2. drekka (verb; °drekkr; drakk, drukku; drukkinn/drykkinn): drink
hauka ‘hawks’
(not checked:)
1. haukr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-; -ar): hawk
kennings
hauka Hlakkar‘hawks of Hlǫkk ’
= RAVENS/EAGLES
hawks of Hlǫkk → RAVENS/EAGLES
nú ‘now’
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nú (adv.): now
mun ‘will’
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munu (verb): will, must
kvæði ‘the poem’
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kvæði (noun n.; °-s; -): poem
aukask ‘swell’
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1. auka (verb; °eykr; jók, jóku/juku): (str. intrans.) increase
Fjórar ‘four’
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fjórir (num. cardinal): four
kennings
fjórar hríðir ǫrva‘four blizzards of arrows ’
= BATTLES
four blizzards of arrows → BATTLES
notes
[5, 8] fjórar hríðir ǫrva ‘four blizzards of arrows [BATTLES]’: The ‘four battles’ fought in a single season (lit. ‘winter’) are probably those of Wollin (Jóm), Rügen (Ré), Århus (Áróss) and Lyrskovshede (Hlýrskógsheiðr), all fought in 1043, and the st. seems to have been understood so by Snorri (Bjarni Aðalbjarnarson, ÍF 28). The author of Knýtl, as the context there suggests, thought otherwise. That the victory at Lyrskovshede followed the sacking of Wollin/Jóm is probable (so all but one version of the Icel. annals for 1043, Storm 1888, 17, 108, 317 and 469, with p. 58 as the exception; Schreiner 1930-3, 39 favoured dating Lyrskovshede before Wollin).
hefr ‘have’
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hafa (verb): have
þú ‘you’
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þú (pron.; °gen. þín, dat. þér, acc. þik): you
randa ‘of shields’
(not checked:)
rǫnd (noun f.; °dat. -/-u; rendr/randir): shield, shield-rim
[5] randa rýrir: rimmur reyrar 1005ˣ, ‘rumnur reyrar’ 19ˣ
kennings
Rýrir setrs reyrar randa,‘Diminisher of the home of the reed of shields, ’
= WARRIOR
the reed of shields, → SWORD
the home of the SWORD → SHIELD
Diminisher of the SHIELD → WARRIOR
randa ‘of shields’
(not checked:)
rǫnd (noun f.; °dat. -/-u; rendr/randir): shield, shield-rim
[5] randa rýrir: rimmur reyrar 1005ˣ, ‘rumnur reyrar’ 19ˣ
kennings
Rýrir setrs reyrar randa,‘Diminisher of the home of the reed of shields, ’
= WARRIOR
the reed of shields, → SWORD
the home of the SWORD → SHIELD
Diminisher of the SHIELD → WARRIOR
randa ‘of shields’
(not checked:)
rǫnd (noun f.; °dat. -/-u; rendr/randir): shield, shield-rim
[5] randa rýrir: rimmur reyrar 1005ˣ, ‘rumnur reyrar’ 19ˣ
kennings
Rýrir setrs reyrar randa,‘Diminisher of the home of the reed of shields, ’
= WARRIOR
the reed of shields, → SWORD
the home of the SWORD → SHIELD
Diminisher of the SHIELD → WARRIOR
rýrir ‘Diminisher’
(not checked:)
rýrir (noun m.): diminsher, destroyer
[5] randa rýrir: rimmur reyrar 1005ˣ, ‘rumnur reyrar’ 19ˣ
kennings
Rýrir setrs reyrar randa,‘Diminisher of the home of the reed of shields, ’
= WARRIOR
the reed of shields, → SWORD
the home of the SWORD → SHIELD
Diminisher of the SHIELD → WARRIOR
reyrar ‘of the reed’
(not checked:)
1. reyr (noun f.): reed
kennings
Rýrir setrs reyrar randa,‘Diminisher of the home of the reed of shields, ’
= WARRIOR
the reed of shields, → SWORD
the home of the SWORD → SHIELD
Diminisher of the SHIELD → WARRIOR
reyrar ‘of the reed’
(not checked:)
1. reyr (noun f.): reed
kennings
Rýrir setrs reyrar randa,‘Diminisher of the home of the reed of shields, ’
= WARRIOR
the reed of shields, → SWORD
the home of the SWORD → SHIELD
Diminisher of the SHIELD → WARRIOR
reyrar ‘of the reed’
(not checked:)
1. reyr (noun f.): reed
kennings
Rýrir setrs reyrar randa,‘Diminisher of the home of the reed of shields, ’
= WARRIOR
the reed of shields, → SWORD
the home of the SWORD → SHIELD
Diminisher of the SHIELD → WARRIOR
kennings
Rýrir setrs reyrar randa,‘Diminisher of the home of the reed of shields, ’
= WARRIOR
the reed of shields, → SWORD
the home of the SWORD → SHIELD
Diminisher of the SHIELD → WARRIOR
kennings
Rýrir setrs reyrar randa,‘Diminisher of the home of the reed of shields, ’
= WARRIOR
the reed of shields, → SWORD
the home of the SWORD → SHIELD
Diminisher of the SHIELD → WARRIOR
á ‘in’
(not checked:)
3. á (prep.): on, at
einum ‘one’
(not checked:)
2. einn (pron.; °decl. cf. einn num.): one, alone
vetri ‘season’
(not checked:)
vetr (noun m.; °vetrar/vetrs(HómHauksb³ 173²³), dat. vetri; vetr): winter
[6] vetri: ‘vettri’ F
allvaldr ‘mighty ruler’
(not checked:)
allvaldr (noun m.; °-s; -ar): mighty ruler
estu ‘you are’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
kallaðr ‘called’
(not checked:)
kalla (verb): call
ǫrva ‘of arrows’
(not checked:)
ǫr (noun f.; °dat. -/-u; ǫrvar/ǫrar): arrow
[8] ǫrva hríðir: ‘aurferd hirder’ 1005ˣ, 19ˣ
kennings
fjórar hríðir ǫrva‘four blizzards of arrows ’
= BATTLES
four blizzards of arrows → BATTLES
notes
[5, 8] fjórar hríðir ǫrva ‘four blizzards of arrows [BATTLES]’: The ‘four battles’ fought in a single season (lit. ‘winter’) are probably those of Wollin (Jóm), Rügen (Ré), Århus (Áróss) and Lyrskovshede (Hlýrskógsheiðr), all fought in 1043, and the st. seems to have been understood so by Snorri (Bjarni Aðalbjarnarson, ÍF 28). The author of Knýtl, as the context there suggests, thought otherwise. That the victory at Lyrskovshede followed the sacking of Wollin/Jóm is probable (so all but one version of the Icel. annals for 1043, Storm 1888, 17, 108, 317 and 469, with p. 58 as the exception; Schreiner 1930-3, 39 favoured dating Lyrskovshede before Wollin).
hríðir ‘blizzards’
(not checked:)
hríð (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): time, storm
[8] ǫrva hríðir: ‘aurferd hirder’ 1005ˣ, 19ˣ
kennings
fjórar hríðir ǫrva‘four blizzards of arrows ’
= BATTLES
four blizzards of arrows → BATTLES
notes
[5, 8] fjórar hríðir ǫrva ‘four blizzards of arrows [BATTLES]’: The ‘four battles’ fought in a single season (lit. ‘winter’) are probably those of Wollin (Jóm), Rügen (Ré), Århus (Áróss) and Lyrskovshede (Hlýrskógsheiðr), all fought in 1043, and the st. seems to have been understood so by Snorri (Bjarni Aðalbjarnarson, ÍF 28). The author of Knýtl, as the context there suggests, thought otherwise. That the victory at Lyrskovshede followed the sacking of Wollin/Jóm is probable (so all but one version of the Icel. annals for 1043, Storm 1888, 17, 108, 317 and 469, with p. 58 as the exception; Schreiner 1930-3, 39 favoured dating Lyrskovshede before Wollin).
frœkn ‘daring’
(not checked:)
frœkn (adj.): brave, bold
[8] frœkn of (‘frǫcn um’): frœkn ok E, ‘frækinn’ H, Hr, ‘frønk um’ 873ˣ, ‘frægn af’ 1005ˣ
of ‘’
(not checked:)
4. of (particle): (before verb)
[8] frœkn of (‘frǫcn um’): frœkn ok E, ‘frækinn’ H, Hr, ‘frønk um’ 873ˣ, ‘frægn af’ 1005ˣ
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
Avenger of Óláfr [= Magnús], you furnished matter for the verse; I fashion such [deeds] into words; you allow hawks of Hlǫkk <valkyrie> [RAVENS/EAGLES] to drink the corpse-sea [BLOOD]; now the poem will swell. Diminisher of the home of the reed of shields [SWORD > SHIELD > WARRIOR], you have, daring, performed four blizzards of arrows [BATTLES] in one season; mighty ruler, you are called invincible.
In Hkr and H-Hr, Magnús winters peacefully in Denmark after his victory off Helgenæs (Helganes) and the flight of Sveinn Úlfsson (see Note to st. 15/6), and two sts are quoted to summarise his achievements, first Okík Magn 1 and then st. 14. In Knýtl, Magnús, it is stated, fought four battles in Denmark against Sveinn Úlfsson—at Ærø (Erri), off Århus (Áróss), at Copenhagen (Hǫfn) and on Fyn (Fjón), and there were further, lesser, engagements.
The st. is ascribed in Knýtl to Arnórr jarlaskáld in Magnússdrápa; the title is not specified in Hkr or H-Hr.
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