Arn Hryn 11II
Diana Whaley (ed.) 2009, ‘Arnórr jarlaskáld Þórðarson, Hrynhenda, Magnússdrápa 11’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 196-7.
Heyra ‘hear’
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2. heyra (verb): hear
skalt ‘you shall’
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skulu (verb): shall, should, must
herskjǫld ‘the war-shield’
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herskjǫldr (noun m.): war-shield
bôruð ‘you carried’
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3. bera (verb; °berr; bar, báru; borinn): bear, carry
hilmis ‘Ruler’s’
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hilmir (noun m.): prince, protector
kundr ‘kinsman’
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kundr (noun m.): descendant
til ‘to’
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til (prep.): to
grundar ‘the land’
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grund (noun f.): earth, land
heppinn ‘fortunate’
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heppinn (adj.; °comp. heppnari, superl. heppnastr): fortunate
[3] heppinn: heitinn E, J2ˣ
drótt ‘you dragged’
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2. draga (verb; °dregr; dró, drógu; dreginn/droget(Hirð NKS 1642 4° 146v²⁹; cf. [$962$])): drag, pull, draw
af ‘from’
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af (prep.): from
hlunni ‘launcher’
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hlunnr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): roller
sléttum ‘the smooth’
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sléttr (adj.): level, smooth
notes
[4] bǫrð ‘prows’: The variant borð (so 39, E, J2ˣ) would make equally good sense in the context: ‘you dragged rime-spread bulwarks from the smooth launcher’.
í ‘in’
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í (prep.): in, into
notes
[4] í stefjaméli ‘in a refrain-section’: On the part of the stefjamél in the structure of the drápa, see General Introduction in SkP I, and cf. Kreutzer 1977, 210.
stefjaméli ‘a refrain-section’
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stefjamél (noun n.): [a refrain-section]
notes
[4] í stefjaméli ‘in a refrain-section’: On the part of the stefjamél in the structure of the drápa, see General Introduction in SkP I, and cf. Kreutzer 1977, 210.
Aldri ‘Never’
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aldri (adv.): never
frák ‘have I heard’
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1. fregna (verb): hear of
en ‘and’
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2. en (conj.): but, and
notes
[5] en ‘and’: Since ms. ‘enn’ is in a position of low stress it is taken here as the conj. en ‘but, and’ (so also Kock, who cites parallels in NN §815). To take it instead as the adv. enn ‘yet, still’, modifying aldri frák, hence ‘never yet have I heard’ (so Skj B), or vísi, valdið sorg Venða ‘prince, you still cause grief for the Wends’ produces an unacceptable w. o.
valdið ‘you cause’
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valda (verb): cause
notes
[5] valdið ‘you cause’: The use of the pres. tense verb alongside past tense forms might imply that Magnús was still undertaking or contemplating action against the Wends when Arnórr composed his Hryn, or else more generally that it is Magnús’s habit or natural role to make onslaughts on the Wends (cf. the same idea and wording in st. 13/1-2).
Venða ‘for the Wends’
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venðr (noun m.): Wend
notes
[6] Venða (m. gen. pl.) ‘for the Wends’: Magnús’s expedition against this pagan Slavic people was designed to curb their westward incursions on the coasts of north Germany and Denmark. On the Wends, see Damgaard-Sørensen 1991. The form of the name is difficult to establish. Early (non-Norse) evidence would point to an alternation of [e] and [i] as root vowel (see AEW: Vindr 2). Arnórr’s rhyme on spenði ‘steered’ (l. 6) suggests [e] here, but several other skaldic rhymes, such as that on ginðu ‘gaped, yawned’ in Hókr Eirfl 7/2I, suggest [i].
sorg ‘grief’
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sorg (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): sorrow, affliction
at ‘that’
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4. at (conj.): that
dǫglingr ‘a sovereign’
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dǫglingr (noun m.; °; -ar): king, ruler
spenði ‘steered’
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spenja (verb): entice
flaustum ‘by ships’
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flaustr (noun n.): ship
þá ‘then’
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2. þá (adv.): then
flóð ‘the flood’
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2. flóð (noun n.): flood
of ‘’
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4. of (particle): (before verb)
ristit ‘carved’
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rísta (verb): carve, raise
fleiri ‘more’
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fleiri (adj. comp.; °superl. flestr): more, most
skip ‘ships’
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skip (noun n.; °-s; -): ship
til ‘against’
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til (prep.): to
óðals ‘patrimony’
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óðal (noun n.; °-s, dat. óð(a)li/óðrli; óðul, dat. óðlum/óðrlum): (hereditary) property
þeira ‘their’
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hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
Ruler’s kinsman, you shall hear in a refrain-section how you carried the war-shield to the land of the Wends; you dragged, fortunate, rime-spread prows from the smooth launcher. Never have I heard that a sovereign steered more ships against their patrimony, and, prince, you cause grief for the Wends; then the flood was carved by ships.
Magnús leads a fleet against the rebellious Wends of Wollin (Jómsborg).
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