Diana Whaley (ed.) 2009, ‘Arnórr jarlaskáld Þórðarson, Haraldsdrápa 3’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 263-4.
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1. hrjóða (verb): clear, destroy
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2. er (conj.): who, which, when
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1. hvergi (adv.): nowhere
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flýja (verb): to flee, take flight
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2. heið (noun n.; °; -): clear sky < heiðmærr (adj.)
[2] heiðmærr ‘bright-renowned’: The spelling ‘mę́iʀ’ in Mork must be a corruption of mærr in H, Hr, while Flat’s mildr ‘mild, generous’ is probably secondary. Heið- is here equated with the adj. heiðr ‘clear, bright, radiant’ or the related noun heið f. ‘brightness of the sky’; cf. the figurative heiðr orðrómr ‘radiant reputation’ (SnSt Ht 14/1, 8III). Heiðr m. ‘honour, glory’ is also possible, but would be tautological in this cpd. The first element could alternatively be heið f. ‘gift, reward, pay’ as in heiðmaðr, heiðþegi, of men in a ruler’s pay, hence heiðmærr ‘renowned for bounty’.
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2. mærr (adj.): famous < heiðmærr (adj.)
[2] ‑mærr (‘mær’): so H, Hr, ‘mę́irr’ Mork, mildr Flat
[2] heiðmærr ‘bright-renowned’: The spelling ‘mę́iʀ’ in Mork must be a corruption of mærr in H, Hr, while Flat’s mildr ‘mild, generous’ is probably secondary. Heið- is here equated with the adj. heiðr ‘clear, bright, radiant’ or the related noun heið f. ‘brightness of the sky’; cf. the figurative heiðr orðrómr ‘radiant reputation’ (SnSt Ht 14/1, 8III). Heiðr m. ‘honour, glory’ is also possible, but would be tautological in this cpd. The first element could alternatively be heið f. ‘gift, reward, pay’ as in heiðmaðr, heiðþegi, of men in a ruler’s pay, hence heiðmærr ‘renowned for bounty’.
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Danr (noun m.; °dat. -; -ir): Dane
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1. skeið (noun f.; °-ar; -r/-ar/-ir): ship
[2] skeiðir: skeiðar Flat
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2. glaðr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): cheerful, glad
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3. und (prep.): under, underneath
[3] und: so H, Hr, und und Mork, með Flat
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rjóða (verb): to redden
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geirr (noun m.): spear < geirjalmr (noun m.): [spear-clangour]
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jalmr (noun m.): screech, noise < geirjalmr (noun m.): [spear-clangour]
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konungr (noun m.; °dat. -i, -s; -ar): king
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1. hjalmr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): helmet
[4] hjalmi: hjalm Flat, hjalma Hr
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skjǫldr (noun m.; °skjaldar/skildar, dat. skildi; skildir, acc. skjǫldu): shield < skjaldborg (noun f.): shield-wall
[5] Skjald‑: so H, Hr, skald‑ Mork, skjall‑ Flat
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borg (noun f.; °-ar, dat. -; -ir): city, stronghold < skjaldborg (noun f.): shield-wall
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2. en (conj.): but, and
[5] skúfar ‘swords’: Skúfr, in the sense ‘sword’, otherwise only occurs in Þul Sverða 2/1III (mss ‘stvfr’ and ‘skofr’), where the entry could well derive from Arnórr’s verse. Skúfr may originally have meant ‘sword with a tassel at the hilt’, since the same form is recorded in prose with the sense ‘tassel, tuft’ (Falk 1914, 60; Alexander Jóhannesson 1951-6, 821).
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1. hodd (noun f.): gold, treasure < hoddglǫtuðr (noun m.): [hoard-destroyer]
[6] hoddglǫtuðr: ‘haudd glautundr’ Flat, hodd hrǫðuðr Hr
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glǫtuðr (noun m.): destroyer < hoddglǫtuðr (noun m.): [hoard-destroyer]
[6] hoddglǫtuðr: ‘haudd glautundr’ Flat, hodd hrǫðuðr Hr
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oddr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): point of weapon
[6] oddum: broddum H, Hr
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bragnar (noun m.): men, warriors
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1. brynja (noun f.; °-u (dat. brynnoni Gibb 38⁹); -ur): mailcoat
[7] brynjur: ‘brynir’ Flat
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gegnum (prep.): through
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buðlungr (noun m.; °; -ar): king, prince
[8] buðlungr: buðlung Flat
[8] buðlungr ‘the monarch’: (a) This nom. sg. form is taken above in apposition to hoddglǫtuðr ‘hoard-destroyer’, as subject to the verb skaut ‘shot’ (l. 7). (b) The Flat variant buðlung does not make sense in the context. (c) Finnur Jónsson in Skj B emended to gen. sg. buðlungs, which he took with skjaldborg (l. 5), hence ‘the prince’s shield-wall’; Kock (NN §838) preferred skúfar buðlungs ‘the prince’s swords’.
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3. of (prep.): around, from; too
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nár (noun m.; °-s; -ir): corpse
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syngja (verb): sing
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Hrauð, sás hvergi flýði, |
The bright-renowned king, who nowhere fled spear-clangour [BATTLE], cleared, glad under gold-reddened helmet, the warships of the Danes. The shield-wall shattered, and swords sang out over corpses; the hoard-destroyer [GENEROUS RULER], the monarch, shot spear-points through the mail-coats of warriors.
In Mork and Flat, the st. follows immediately upon st. 2. In H-Hr, the brief statement is interjected, that Sveinn’s ship was so thoroughly cleared that all its crew were dead but for those who had leapt into the sea or onto smaller ships.
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