Anon Ól 4I
Kate Heslop (ed.) 2012, ‘Anonymous Poems, Poem about Óláfr Tryggvason 4’ in Diana Whaley (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 1. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 1065.
Valdr ‘ruler’
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valdr (noun m.): ruler
kennings
Vitr valdr vígs‘The astute ruler of battle ’
= WARRIOR = Þorkell
The astute ruler of battle → WARRIOR = Þorkell
nam ‘’
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1. nema (verb): to take
notes
[1, 2] nam að sitja ‘lay in wait’: Nam is merely an auxiliary here (see LP: 1. nema 10).
vígs ‘of battle’
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víg (noun n.; °-s; -): battle
kennings
Vitr valdr vígs‘The astute ruler of battle ’
= WARRIOR = Þorkell
The astute ruler of battle → WARRIOR = Þorkell
á ‘in’
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3. á (prep.): on, at
kveldi ‘the evening’
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kveld (noun n.; °-s): evening
vitr ‘The astute’
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vitr (adj.): wise
kennings
Vitr valdr vígs‘The astute ruler of battle ’
= WARRIOR = Þorkell
The astute ruler of battle → WARRIOR = Þorkell
um ‘for’
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1. um (prep.): about, around
kóng ‘the king’
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kóngr (noun m.): king
notes
[2] kóng ‘the king’: The monosyllabic contracted form of konungr ‘king’, not current before the C14th (Finnur Jónsson 1884-91, 123; ANG §160, Anm.) is metrically necessary here, and probably also in st. 6/7.
að ‘’
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5. at (nota): to (with infinitive)
notes
[1, 2] nam að sitja ‘lay in wait’: Nam is merely an auxiliary here (see LP: 1. nema 10).
sitja ‘lay in wait’
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sitja (verb): sit
notes
[1, 2] nam að sitja ‘lay in wait’: Nam is merely an auxiliary here (see LP: 1. nema 10).
þá ‘at that time’
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2. þá (adv.): then
lá ‘was lying’
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liggja (verb): lie
hoskr ‘the wise’
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hoskr (adj.): [wise]
í ‘in’
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í (prep.): in, into
hvílu ‘bed’
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1. hvíla (noun f.; °-u; -ur): bed
hildingr ‘ruler’
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hildingr (noun m.; °; -ar): king, ruler
í ‘in’
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í (prep.): in, into
lyftingu ‘the after-deck’
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lyfting (noun f.; °-ar, dat. -u, acc. -): after-deck
Skjöldungr ‘prince’
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skjǫldungr (noun m.): king
ekki ‘not’
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2. ekki (adv.): not
skyldi ‘ought’
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skulu (verb): shall, should, must
skreyttum ‘the adorned’
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skreyta (verb): adorn
glaðr ‘The joyous’
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2. glaðr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): cheerful, glad
af ‘off’
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af (prep.): from
Naðri ‘Naðr (‘Adder’)’
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naðr (noun m.): snake
notes
[6] Naðri ‘Naðr (“Adder”)’: Óláfr’s famous ship Ormr inn langi ‘the Long Serpent’, named more directly in st. 6/2; see also Notes to Hfr ErfÓl 10/1 and Anon Óldr 19/6.
að ‘as’
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4. at (conj.): that
Þorkell ‘Þorkell’
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Þórkell (noun m.): [Þorkell]
vissi ‘knew’
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1. vita (verb): know
notes
[7] vissi ‘knew’: Finnur Jónsson (1884-91, 119; Skj B) reads vissit ‘did not know’, hence ‘in such a way that Þorkell did not know’ or ‘without Þorkell knowing’, and this is followed by Kock (Skald) and by Ólafur Halldórsson in AM 61 1982, 24, though his 1958-2000 edn has vissi. But the reading vissi coupled with þess að in the sense ‘insofar as, so far as’ (see Fritzner: þess 2) seems to fit better with the tone of light irony at Þorkell’s expense, almost reporting his (mistaken) thoughts, in both these stanzas and ÓT’s prose.
þrekstrangr ‘mightily strong’
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þrekstrangr (adj.): [mightily strong]
mega ‘to be able’
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mega (verb): may, might
ganga ‘to get’
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2. ganga (verb; geng, gekk, gengu, genginn): walk, go
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