Anon (SnE) 18III
Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2017, ‘Anonymous Lausavísur, Stanzas from Snorra Edda 18’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 530.
Stendr ‘resides’
(not checked:)
standa (verb): stand
þats ‘which’
(not checked:)
þats (conj.): that, which
stórum ‘greatly’
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stórr (adj.): large, great
grandar ‘hurts’
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granda (verb): harm, injure
sterkviðri ‘A strong storm’
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sterkviðri (noun n.): [A strong storm]
kennings
Sterkviðri Herkju,‘A strong storm of Herkja, ’
= THOUGHT
A strong storm of Herkja, → THOUGHT
notes
[2] sterkviðri Herkju ‘a strong storm of Herkja <troll-woman> [THOUGHT]’: For kennings of this type, see Note to st. 1/1-2, 3 above. For Herkja (lit. ‘tumultuous one’), see Note to Þul Trollkvenna 3/2 (see also the kenning in ll. 7-8 below).
mér ‘’
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ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
Herkju ‘of Herkja’
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1. Herkja (noun f.; °-u): Herkja
kennings
Sterkviðri Herkju,‘A strong storm of Herkja, ’
= THOUGHT
A strong storm of Herkja, → THOUGHT
notes
[2] sterkviðri Herkju ‘a strong storm of Herkja <troll-woman> [THOUGHT]’: For kennings of this type, see Note to st. 1/1-2, 3 above. For Herkja (lit. ‘tumultuous one’), see Note to Þul Trollkvenna 3/2 (see also the kenning in ll. 7-8 below).
í ‘in’
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í (prep.): in, into
hnegg ‘my heart’
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1. hnegg (noun n.): [core, heart] < hneggverǫld (noun f.): [my heart-world]
kennings
hneggverǫld‘my heart-world; ’
= BREAST
my heart-world; → BREAST
notes
[3] hnegg- ‘heart-’: This is a rare poetic word for ‘heart’ (see Note to Þul Hugar ok hjarta l. 1).
verǫld ‘world’
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verǫld (noun f.; °-aldar, dat. -/-u; -aldir): world, age < hneggverǫld (noun f.): [my heart-world]
kennings
hneggverǫld‘my heart-world; ’
= BREAST
my heart-world; → BREAST
notes
[3] hnegg- ‘heart-’: This is a rare poetic word for ‘heart’ (see Note to Þul Hugar ok hjarta l. 1).
hyggju ‘of mind’
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1. hyggja (noun f.; °-u; -ur): thought, mind
hefk ‘I have’
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hafa (verb): have
stríð ‘my grief’
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2. stríð (noun n.; °-s; -): affliction
borit ‘carried’
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3. bera (verb; °berr; bar, báru; borinn): bear, carry
víða ‘far and wide’
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1. víða (adv.): widely
Þar ‘it’
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þar (adv.): there
kømr ‘will happen’
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koma (verb; kem, kom/kvam, kominn): come
enn ‘Yet’
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2. enn (adv.): still, yet, again
ef ‘if’
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3. ef (conj.): if
unna ‘love’
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1. unna (verb): love
ítr ‘the precious’
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ítr (adj.): glorious
vildi ‘would’
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vilja (verb): want, intend
notes
[6] Bil vildi ‘the Bil <goddess> would’: Bil is a goddess (see Þul Kvenna II 3/6 and Note to Þul Ásynja 1/8), and as such the name can function as a base-word in kennings for ‘woman’. There is no determinant here, however, and, furthermore, the line contains skothending (-ild- : ‑ald-) rather than aðalhending. Following Konráð Gíslason (Nj 1875-89, II, 75-6), Finnur Jónsson (Skj B) accordingly emends the verb vildi (3rd pers. sg. pret. subj.) ‘would’ to falda ‘of head-dresses’, which forces another emendation in l. 5 (unna inf. ‘love’ > ynni 3rd pers. sg. pret. subj. ‘would love’) to provide a finite verb for the clause. As Kock (NN §1209) points out, half-kennings for ‘woman’ that involve the names of goddesses are not unattested, and Bil has been treated as a half-kenning in the present edn as well (so also in SnE 1848-87). Kock (NN §§1910, 2991B) emends vildi to valdi ‘would choose to’ to achieve aðalhending. While it is certainly not inconceivable that vildi in U represents a lectio facilior, the ms. reading has been retained here.
Bil ‘Bil’
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Bil (noun f.): Bil
notes
[6] Bil vildi ‘the Bil <goddess> would’: Bil is a goddess (see Þul Kvenna II 3/6 and Note to Þul Ásynja 1/8), and as such the name can function as a base-word in kennings for ‘woman’. There is no determinant here, however, and, furthermore, the line contains skothending (-ild- : ‑ald-) rather than aðalhending. Following Konráð Gíslason (Nj 1875-89, II, 75-6), Finnur Jónsson (Skj B) accordingly emends the verb vildi (3rd pers. sg. pret. subj.) ‘would’ to falda ‘of head-dresses’, which forces another emendation in l. 5 (unna inf. ‘love’ > ynni 3rd pers. sg. pret. subj. ‘would love’) to provide a finite verb for the clause. As Kock (NN §1209) points out, half-kennings for ‘woman’ that involve the names of goddesses are not unattested, and Bil has been treated as a half-kenning in the present edn as well (so also in SnE 1848-87). Kock (NN §§1910, 2991B) emends vildi to valdi ‘would choose to’ to achieve aðalhending. While it is certainly not inconceivable that vildi in U represents a lectio facilior, the ms. reading has been retained here.
skaldi ‘the skald’
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skáld (noun n.; °-s; -): poet
at ‘that’
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4. at (conj.): that
blíðr ‘a sweet’
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blíðr (adj.; °n. sg. nom. & acc. blítt/blíðt; compar. -ari, superl. -astr): gentle, happy
kennings
blíðr glaumvindr Gríðar‘a sweet pleasure-wind of Gríðr ’
= THOUGHT
a sweet pleasure-wind of Gríðr → THOUGHT
Gríðar ‘of Gríðr’
(not checked:)
Gríðr (noun f.; °dat./acc. -i): [Gríðr, Gríður]
kennings
blíðr glaumvindr Gríðar‘a sweet pleasure-wind of Gríðr ’
= THOUGHT
a sweet pleasure-wind of Gríðr → THOUGHT
notes
[7-8] glaumvindr Gríðar ‘pleasure-wind of Gríðr <giantess> [THOUGHT]’: See Note to l. 1 above.
glaumvindr ‘pleasure-wind’
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glaumvindr (noun m.): [pleasure-wind]
kennings
blíðr glaumvindr Gríðar‘a sweet pleasure-wind of Gríðr ’
= THOUGHT
a sweet pleasure-wind of Gríðr → THOUGHT
notes
[7-8] glaumvindr Gríðar ‘pleasure-wind of Gríðr <giantess> [THOUGHT]’: See Note to l. 1 above.
í ‘in’
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í (prep.): in, into
sal ‘my hall’
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1. salr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -; dat. sǫlum): hall
kennings
sal þindar.‘my hall of the diaphragm. ’
= BREAST
my hall of the diaphragm. → BREAST
þindar ‘of the diaphragm’
(not checked:)
þind (noun f.): [diaphragm]
kennings
sal þindar.‘my hall of the diaphragm. ’
= BREAST
my hall of the diaphragm. → BREAST
notes
[8] þindar ‘of the diaphragm’: Attested only here in Old Norse, but cf. ModIcel. þind, ModNorw. tinder ‘diaphragm’.
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
|
Stendr, þats stórum grandar, |
A strong storm of Herkja <troll-woman> [THOUGHT], which hurts greatly, resides in my heart-world [BREAST]; I have carried my grief of mind far and wide. Yet it will happen, if the precious Bil <goddess> would love the skald, that a sweet pleasure-wind of Gríðr <giantess> [THOUGHT] will grow in my hall of the diaphragm [BREAST].
[5-8]: There are several problems in this helmingr, and different emendations have been suggested. — [7]: As it stands in the ms., this line contains five rather than six metrical positions, and a syllable is missing after the adj. blíðr ‘sweet’. The missing syllable must have been unstressed and must have belonged syntactically either to that adj. or to the following verb grœr ‘will grow’ (see Gade 1995a, 47-9). There are three possible emendations that would obviate the metrical deficiency. First of all, the adj. blíðr (m. nom. sg.), which qualifies glaumvindr ‘pleasure-wind’ (l. 8), could have been desyllabified (blíður), but that would presuppose that the stanza is late (C14th), and there are no other metrical or linguistic irregularities that would suggest such a late date. Second, emendation of blíðr to blíðum (m. dat. sg.) qualifying sal (m. dat. sg.) ‘hall’ would also furnish the missing syllable. Third (and adopted here), the expletive particle of could have dropped out in the ms. transmission. That emendation was first proposed by Konráð Gíslason (Nj 1875-89, II, 75-6) and adopted in Skj B. Kock (Skald; NN §2127) provides the pron. mér ‘for me’, but that emendation is unmetrical.
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