Þorm Lv 22I
R. D. Fulk (ed.) 2012, ‘Þormóðr Kolbrúnarskáld, Lausavísur 22’ in Diana Whaley (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 1. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 837.
Haraldr ‘Haraldr’
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Haraldr (noun m.): Haraldr
notes
[1] Haraldr: This is Óláfr’s half-brother, later King Haraldr harðráði ‘Hard-rule’ Sigurðarson, who took part in the battle of Stiklastaðir (Stiklestad) at the age of fifteen and was severely wounded.
vas ‘was’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
[1] vas bitr at berjask: sá ek at vel varðisk DG8
bitr ‘sharp’
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bitr (adj.; °bitran; superl. bitrastr): sharp, biting
[1] vas bitr at berjask: sá ek at vel varðisk DG8; bitr: ‘bifr’ with bitr in margin 761bˣ
at ‘at’
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5. at (nota): to (with infinitive)
[1] vas bitr at berjask: sá ek at vel varðisk DG8
berjask ‘fighting’
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2. berja (verb; °barði; barðr/bariðr/barinn): fight
[1] vas bitr at berjask: sá ek at vel varðisk DG8
reifr ‘happy’
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2. reifr (adj.): happy < bǫðreifr (adj.)
með ‘beside’
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með (prep.): with
Ôleifi ‘Óláfr’
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Óláfr (noun m.): Óláfr
þar ‘there’
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þar (adv.): there
gekk ‘went’
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2. ganga (verb; geng, gekk, gengu, genginn): walk, go
notes
[3] gekk ‘went’: A sg. verb with cpd subject (here Hringr ok Dagr, l. 4) is not unusual in skaldic poetry; cf. Hfr ErfÓl 27/1 and Note.
harðra ‘of hard’
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harðr (adj.; °comp. -ari; superl. -astr): hard, harsh
[3] harðra: harðr á 142ˣ, hára DG8
kennings
þingi harðra hjǫrva.‘the assembly of hard swords. ’
= BATTLE
the assembly of hard swords. → BATTLE
notes
[3] harðra ‘of hard’: Gaertner (1907, 346) adopts the reading hára ‘high, long’ of ÓHLeg, seemingly on the basis of the belief that harðr is not attested as an epithet for a sword; but cf. LP: harðr 1.
kennings
þingi harðra hjǫrva.‘the assembly of hard swords. ’
= BATTLE
the assembly of hard swords. → BATTLE
Hringr ‘Hringr’
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2. Hringr (noun m.; °-s): Hringr
notes
[4] Hringr ok Dagr ‘Hringr and Dagr’: According to Hkr (ÍF 27, 105) King Hringr of Hedmark had been banished to Sweden when Óláfr had captured the kings of Upplǫnd (Opplandene). Snorri gives no indication that Hringr was at the battle, but his son Dagr played a prominent role, coming to the king’s aid with nearly 1200 men (ÍF 27, 348-9). Von See (1977b, 467-71) argues that both names are fictitious, derived from a genealogy constructed to give Hringaríki (Ringerike) an eponymous founder, and thus that this stanza cannot have been composed by Þormóðr. See also the Note to Lv 24/8.
ok ‘and’
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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
notes
[4] Hringr ok Dagr ‘Hringr and Dagr’: According to Hkr (ÍF 27, 105) King Hringr of Hedmark had been banished to Sweden when Óláfr had captured the kings of Upplǫnd (Opplandene). Snorri gives no indication that Hringr was at the battle, but his son Dagr played a prominent role, coming to the king’s aid with nearly 1200 men (ÍF 27, 348-9). Von See (1977b, 467-71) argues that both names are fictitious, derived from a genealogy constructed to give Hringaríki (Ringerike) an eponymous founder, and thus that this stanza cannot have been composed by Þormóðr. See also the Note to Lv 24/8.
Dagr ‘Dagr’
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2. Dagr (noun m.): Dagr
notes
[4] Hringr ok Dagr ‘Hringr and Dagr’: According to Hkr (ÍF 27, 105) King Hringr of Hedmark had been banished to Sweden when Óláfr had captured the kings of Upplǫnd (Opplandene). Snorri gives no indication that Hringr was at the battle, but his son Dagr played a prominent role, coming to the king’s aid with nearly 1200 men (ÍF 27, 348-9). Von See (1977b, 467-71) argues that both names are fictitious, derived from a genealogy constructed to give Hringaríki (Ringerike) an eponymous founder, and thus that this stanza cannot have been composed by Þormóðr. See also the Note to Lv 24/8.
þingi ‘the assembly’
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þing (noun n.; °-s; -): meeting, assembly
kennings
þingi harðra hjǫrva.‘the assembly of hard swords. ’
= BATTLE
the assembly of hard swords. → BATTLE
Réðu ‘’
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ráða (verb): advise, rule, interpret, decide
[5] Réðu: so all others, réðusk Hb
rauðar ‘red’
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rauðr (adj.; °compar. -ari): red
randir ‘shields’
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rǫnd (noun f.; °dat. -/-u; rendr/randir): shield, shield-rim
prútt ‘magnificently’
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prúðr (adj.; °superl. -astr): magnificent, proud
at ‘’
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5. at (nota): to (with infinitive)
standa ‘stood’
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standa (verb): stand
fekk ‘got’
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2. fá (verb; °fǽr; fekk, fengu; fenginn): get, receive
ben ‘the wound’
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1. ben (noun f.; °-jar, dat. -; -jar , gen. -a(var. EiðKrC 402¹³: AM 77 4° D)): wound < benþiðurr (noun m.): [wound-grouse]
kennings
benþiðurr‘the wound-grouse ’
= RAVEN/EAGLE
the wound-grouse → RAVEN/EAGLE
þiðurr ‘grouse’
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þiðurr (noun m.; °þiðurs; þiðrar): grouse, capercaillie < benþiðurr (noun m.): [wound-grouse]
[7] ‑þiðurr blakkan: ‑þiðurs blakki all others
kennings
benþiðurr‘the wound-grouse ’
= RAVEN/EAGLE
the wound-grouse → RAVEN/EAGLE
dǫglingar ‘princes’
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dǫglingr (noun m.; °; -ar): king, ruler
fjórir ‘four’
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fjórir (num. cardinal): four
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
Cf. Lv 21. In Fbr and ÓHLeg, a woman asks Þormóðr which of Óláfr’s men were most valiant in the battle, and he replies. In Málfræðinnar grundvǫllr, the first section of TGT, l. 4 is cited to illustrate the use of the conjunction, here ok ‘and’.
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