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Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Anon Brúðv 27^VII

Valgerður Erna Þorvaldsdóttir (ed.) 2007, ‘Anonymous Poems, Brúðkaupsvísur 27’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 548-9.

Anonymous Poems Brúðkaupsvísur

Síðan ‘Afterwards’

(not checked:)
síðan (adv.): later, then

náði ‘managed’

(not checked:)
1. ná (verb): reach, get, manage

notes

[1] náði: Jón Sigurðsson suggested the reading réði in the margin of 399a-bˣ, and the scribe of 2166ˣ mentions the reading ráði in the margin.

sverð ‘the sword’

(not checked:)
sverð (noun n.; °-s; -): sword < sverðrjóðr (noun m.)

kennings

Sverðrjóðr
‘the sword-reddener ’
= WARRIOR
the sword-reddener → WARRIOR

rjóðr ‘reddener’

(not checked:)
1. rjóðr (noun m.): reddener < sverðrjóðr (noun m.)

kennings

Sverðrjóðr
‘the sword-reddener ’
= WARRIOR
the sword-reddener → WARRIOR

sveinninn ‘the youth’

(not checked:)
sveinn (noun m.; °sveins; sveinar): boy, servant, attendant

girntiz ‘wanted’

(not checked:)
girna (verb): desire

vera ‘to be’

(not checked:)
2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am

einn ‘alone’

(not checked:)
2. einn (pron.; °decl. cf. einn num.): one, alone

skildiz ‘parted’

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1. skilja (verb): separate, understand

[3] skildiz: so 1032ˣ, 399a‑bˣ, 2166ˣ, ‘skild[...]zt’ 721

hann ‘he’

(not checked:)
hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...

við ‘from’

(not checked:)
2. við (prep.): with, against

fira ‘of men’

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firar (noun m.): men

fjöld ‘the multitude’

(not checked:)
fjǫlð (noun f.): multitude

fara ‘to go’

(not checked:)
fara (verb; ferr, fór, fóru, farinn): go, travel

þar ‘’

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þar (adv.): there

er ‘where’

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2. er (conj.): who, which, when

auðn ‘wilderness’

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1. auðn (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): wilderness, desolation

var ‘was’

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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am

Hæstri ‘to the highest’

(not checked:)
hœgri (adj. comp.): higher, highest

kennings

hæstri höll Krists,
‘to the highest hall of Christ, ’
= Mary
to the highest hall of Christ, → Mary

notes

[5] hæstri höll Krists ‘to the highest hall of Christ [= Mary]’: See Note to st. 7/4

unni ‘loved’

(not checked:)
1. unna (verb): love

höll ‘hall’

(not checked:)
1. hǫll (noun f.; °hallar, dat. -u/-; hallir): hall

kennings

hæstri höll Krists,
‘to the highest hall of Christ, ’
= Mary
to the highest hall of Christ, → Mary

notes

[5] hæstri höll Krists ‘to the highest hall of Christ [= Mary]’: See Note to st. 7/4

Krists ‘of Christ’

(not checked:)
Kristr (noun m.; °-s/-, dat. -i; -ar): Christ

kennings

hæstri höll Krists,
‘to the highest hall of Christ, ’
= Mary
to the highest hall of Christ, → Mary

notes

[5] hæstri höll Krists ‘to the highest hall of Christ [= Mary]’: See Note to st. 7/4

helga ‘to make’

(not checked:)
helga (verb): to hallow, sanctify

sig ‘himself’

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sik (pron.; °gen. sín, dat. sér): (refl. pron.)

lagar ‘of the sea’

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lǫgr (noun m.; °lagar, dat. legi): sea

kennings

Hei… elgs lagar
‘The … of the elk of the sea, ’
= SEAFARER
the elk of the sea, → SHIP
The … of the SHIP → SEAFARER

lagar ‘of the sea’

(not checked:)
lǫgr (noun m.; °lagar, dat. legi): sea

kennings

Hei… elgs lagar
‘The … of the elk of the sea, ’
= SEAFARER
the elk of the sea, → SHIP
The … of the SHIP → SEAFARER

elgs ‘of the elk’

(not checked:)
elgr (noun m.; °-s; -ir/-ar): elk

kennings

Hei… elgs lagar
‘The … of the elk of the sea, ’
= SEAFARER
the elk of the sea, → SHIP
The … of the SHIP → SEAFARER

elgs ‘of the elk’

(not checked:)
elgr (noun m.; °-s; -ir/-ar): elk

kennings

Hei… elgs lagar
‘The … of the elk of the sea, ’
= SEAFARER
the elk of the sea, → SHIP
The … of the SHIP → SEAFARER

hei… ‘The …’

(not checked:)
(non-lexical)

[7] hei… unz: ‘heims [...] ok’ 1032ˣ, 399a‑bˣ, ‘heim s[...]ok’ 2166ˣ

kennings

Hei… elgs lagar
‘The … of the elk of the sea, ’
= SEAFARER
the elk of the sea, → SHIP
The … of the SHIP → SEAFARER

notes

[7] hei…: The end of the word is illegible in 721 and the readings of other mss shed little light on what might have been written there originally. It seems clear though, that the illegible word is the base-word of a man-kenning, whose referent is most likely to be [SEAFARER], since the determinant is elgr lagar ‘elk of the sea [SHIP]’. Jón Helgason thought that ‘hei...’ could be a mistake for a word beginning with ‘b’, possibly beitir ‘steerer’ which would fit beautifully with the determinant, but the first letter of the word in 721 is clearly ‘h’ not ‘b’. It is also worth noting that alliteration here requires a word with vocalic onset.

unz ‘until’

(not checked:)
2. unz (conj.): until

[7] hei… unz: ‘heims [...] ok’ 1032ˣ, 399a‑bˣ, ‘heim s[...]ok’ 2166ˣ

önd ‘life’

(not checked:)
2. ǫnd (noun f.; °andar, dat. ǫnd/ǫndu; andir): soul, breath

liet ‘he gave up’

(not checked:)
láta (verb): let, have sth done

endar ‘ends’

(not checked:)
1. enda (verb; °-að-): end, last

þar ‘there’

(not checked:)
þar (adv.): there

man ‘’

(not checked:)
man (noun n.): girl

manns ‘the man’s’

(not checked:)
maðr (noun m.): man, person

[8] manns sögu: man sögu 721, ‘mans.gv’ 1032ˣ, ‘mans..gv’ 399a‑bˣ

notes

[8] manns sögu ‘the man’s story’: 721 reads man sögu, where man could mean ‘woman, female slave’, an unlikely term for the Virgin Mary, because of its frequently pejorative connotations. The scribe of 2166ˣ gives the fragmentary reading mⁿ s..gv in the margin.

sögu ‘story’

(not checked:)
1. saga (noun f.; °*-u; *-ur): story, saga

[8] manns sögu: man sögu 721, ‘mans.gv’ 1032ˣ, ‘mans..gv’ 399a‑bˣ

notes

[8] manns sögu ‘the man’s story’: 721 reads man sögu, where man could mean ‘woman, female slave’, an unlikely term for the Virgin Mary, because of its frequently pejorative connotations. The scribe of 2166ˣ gives the fragmentary reading mⁿ s..gv in the margin.

kendr ‘belonging’

(not checked:)
kenna (verb): know, teach

Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses

verse
prose

The prose versions of the legend are not much more forthcoming about the young man’s later life of ascesis. The D version does not mention how he spent the rest of his life, while C tells of his life of penance and prayer (Mar 1871, 775), but does not specify that it was spent in a wilderness. — [5-8]: The ed. is grateful to Ólafur Halldórsson for some very useful suggestions regarding the interpretation of this helmingr.

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