Anon Brúðv 24VII
Valgerður Erna Þorvaldsdóttir (ed.) 2007, ‘Anonymous Poems, Brúðkaupsvísur 24’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 546-7.
Byskups ‘with the bishop’
(not checked:)
1. byskup (noun m.; °-s/-(cf. [$489$]), dat. -i/-; -ar): bishop
[1] Byskups: so 399a‑bˣ, 2166ˣ, Byskup 721, 1032ˣ
fund ‘a meeting’
(not checked:)
fundr (noun m.): discovery, meeting
fljótt ‘quickly’
(not checked:)
2. fljótr (adj.): quick
ferðir ‘The crowds’
(not checked:)
ferð (noun f.; °-ar; -ir/-arMork 196¹²)): host, journey
[2] ferðir: ferðar 721
notes
[2] ferðir ‘troops’: The mss all read ferðar, which Jón Helgason thought was probably a scribal error for ferðir.
sem ‘as’
(not checked:)
sem (conj.): as, which
gietið ‘told’
(not checked:)
2. geta (verb): to beget, give birth to, mention, speak of; to think well of, like, love
verðr ‘will be’
(not checked:)
1. verða (verb): become, be
með ‘along with’
(not checked:)
með (prep.): with
blíðum ‘the kind’
(not checked:)
blíðr (adj.; °n. sg. nom. & acc. blítt/blíðt; compar. -ari, superl. -astr): gentle, happy
kennings
blíðum bjóði brynmeiðs,‘the kind offerer of the byrnie-stick, ’
= WARRIOR
the byrnie-stick, → SWORD
the kind offerer of the SWORD → WARRIOR
bryn ‘of the byrnie’
(not checked:)
1. brynja (noun f.; °-u (dat. brynnoni Gibb 38⁹); -ur): mailcoat < brynmeiðr (noun m.)
[3] brynmeiðs: brynmeið 721
kennings
blíðum bjóði brynmeiðs,‘the kind offerer of the byrnie-stick, ’
= WARRIOR
the byrnie-stick, → SWORD
the kind offerer of the SWORD → WARRIOR
bryn ‘of the byrnie’
(not checked:)
1. brynja (noun f.; °-u (dat. brynnoni Gibb 38⁹); -ur): mailcoat < brynmeiðr (noun m.)
[3] brynmeiðs: brynmeið 721
kennings
blíðum bjóði brynmeiðs,‘the kind offerer of the byrnie-stick, ’
= WARRIOR
the byrnie-stick, → SWORD
the kind offerer of the SWORD → WARRIOR
meiðs ‘stick’
(not checked:)
meiðr (noun m.): beam, tree < brynmeiðr (noun m.)
[3] brynmeiðs: brynmeið 721
kennings
blíðum bjóði brynmeiðs,‘the kind offerer of the byrnie-stick, ’
= WARRIOR
the byrnie-stick, → SWORD
the kind offerer of the SWORD → WARRIOR
meiðs ‘stick’
(not checked:)
meiðr (noun m.): beam, tree < brynmeiðr (noun m.)
[3] brynmeiðs: brynmeið 721
kennings
blíðum bjóði brynmeiðs,‘the kind offerer of the byrnie-stick, ’
= WARRIOR
the byrnie-stick, → SWORD
the kind offerer of the SWORD → WARRIOR
kennings
blíðum bjóði brynmeiðs,‘the kind offerer of the byrnie-stick, ’
= WARRIOR
the byrnie-stick, → SWORD
the kind offerer of the SWORD → WARRIOR
hvie ‘how’
(not checked:)
hvé (adv.): how
þar ‘there’
(not checked:)
þar (adv.): there
fór ‘that turned out’
(not checked:)
fara (verb; ferr, fór, fóru, farinn): go, travel
notes
[4] fór ‘went’: In the main text the scribe of 2166ˣ writes stóð, which provides a better rhyme, but mentions 721’s reading in the margin.
því ‘because’
(not checked:)
því (adv.): therefore, because
að ‘’
(not checked:)
4. at (conj.): that
vættu ‘’
(not checked:)
vætta (verb): expect
notes
[5] væntu ‘expected’: Jón Sigurðsson suggested the form vættu in the margin of 399a-bˣ, probably because that forms a half-rhyme (skothending) with brátt. The scribe of 2166ˣ adopted the reading vættu in the main text, mentioning the other in the margin. Jón Helgason also emended to vættu in his edn to get the half-rhyme.
vinir ‘the friends’
(not checked:)
vinr (noun m.; °-ar, dat. -/(-i OsvReyk 92.17); -ir): friend
brátt ‘soon’
(not checked:)
bráðr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): quick(ly)
víg ‘of the battle’
(not checked:)
víg (noun n.; °-s; -): battle < vígtungl (noun n.)
[6] vígtungls: ‘vígtvngs’ 721
kennings
ungs boða vígtungls‘of the young messenger of the battle-moon ’
= WARRIOR
the battle-moon → SHIELD
the young messenger of the SHIELD → WARRIOR
víg ‘of the battle’
(not checked:)
víg (noun n.; °-s; -): battle < vígtungl (noun n.)
[6] vígtungls: ‘vígtvngs’ 721
kennings
ungs boða vígtungls‘of the young messenger of the battle-moon ’
= WARRIOR
the battle-moon → SHIELD
the young messenger of the SHIELD → WARRIOR
tungls ‘moon’
(not checked:)
tungl (noun n.; °-s; -): moon, heavenly body < vígtungl (noun n.)
[6] vígtungls: ‘vígtvngs’ 721
kennings
ungs boða vígtungls‘of the young messenger of the battle-moon ’
= WARRIOR
the battle-moon → SHIELD
the young messenger of the SHIELD → WARRIOR
notes
[6] -tungls ‘moon’: The scribe of 721 seems to have forgotten to write the ‘l’, and the other scribes copied his mistake. The emendation was suggested by Jón Helgason.
tungls ‘moon’
(not checked:)
tungl (noun n.; °-s; -): moon, heavenly body < vígtungl (noun n.)
[6] vígtungls: ‘vígtvngs’ 721
kennings
ungs boða vígtungls‘of the young messenger of the battle-moon ’
= WARRIOR
the battle-moon → SHIELD
the young messenger of the SHIELD → WARRIOR
notes
[6] -tungls ‘moon’: The scribe of 721 seems to have forgotten to write the ‘l’, and the other scribes copied his mistake. The emendation was suggested by Jón Helgason.
boða ‘messenger’
(not checked:)
boði (noun m.; °-a; -ar): messenger, breaker
kennings
ungs boða vígtungls‘of the young messenger of the battle-moon ’
= WARRIOR
the battle-moon → SHIELD
the young messenger of the SHIELD → WARRIOR
ungs ‘of the young’
(not checked:)
ungr (adj.): young
kennings
ungs boða vígtungls‘of the young messenger of the battle-moon ’
= WARRIOR
the battle-moon → SHIELD
the young messenger of the SHIELD → WARRIOR
að ‘that’
(not checked:)
4. at (conj.): that
kennings
vel vitr bætir vansa‘the amply wise amender of disgrace ’
= BISHOP
the amply wise amender of disgrace → BISHOP
notes
[7] bætir ‘amender’: The word has to be in the nom. to be the base-word of the kenning bætir vansa ‘amender of disgrace [BISHOP]’. The emendation was suggested by Jón Helgason.
vel ‘the amply’
(not checked:)
vel (adv.): well, very
kennings
vel vitr bætir vansa‘the amply wise amender of disgrace ’
= BISHOP
the amply wise amender of disgrace → BISHOP
vitr ‘wise’
(not checked:)
vitr (adj.): wise
kennings
vel vitr bætir vansa‘the amply wise amender of disgrace ’
= BISHOP
the amply wise amender of disgrace → BISHOP
vansa ‘of disgrace’
(not checked:)
vansi (noun m.; °-a): disgrace
kennings
vel vitr bætir vansa‘the amply wise amender of disgrace ’
= BISHOP
the amply wise amender of disgrace → BISHOP
snyri ‘change’
(not checked:)
snúa (verb): turn
notes
[8] snyri ‘turn’: An unusual form of the 3rd pers. sg. pret. subj. snøri.
skapi ‘mind’
(not checked:)
1. skap (noun n.; °-s; *-): mind, fate
hans ‘his’
(not checked:)
hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
|
Byskups sóttu fund fljótt |
The crowds quickly sought a meeting with the bishop along with the kind offerer of the byrnie-stick [SWORD > WARRIOR], as will be told, how that turned out there, because the friends of the young messenger of the battle-moon [SHIELD > WARRIOR] expected that the amply wise amender of disgrace [BISHOP] would soon change his [the young man’s] mind.
In Brúðv, the bishop appears as something of a deus ex machina. In Mar his appearance and judgement are better motivated. In the D-version, the young man’s family and all the wedding party first try to persuade him to change his mind before taking him before the bishop. — [1-4]: This helmingr appears to be corrupt in 721, and several emendations have been proposed here to make sense of it. In l. 1, the emendation Byskups (gen.) already appears in 399a-bˣ, while 721’s ‘soktv’ has been emended to sóttu ‘they sought’, which is needed to rhyme with fljótt. In ll. 3-4 721’s brynmeið and bjóða have been emended to produce a regular warrior-kenning. The emendation of 721’s ferðar to ferðir (l. 2) was suggested by Jón Helgason. — [1-4]: [old note:] There are at least two ways of arranging this helmingr into a w.o. that makes sense. The first option (as in the Prose order and Translation above) involves two minor emendations (ferðir for scribal ferðar) and biskupi (acc.) for byskup (nom., dat.). This w.o. reveals a clever shift between past, present and future tense. The poet starts off with a verb in past tense, sóktu ‘visited, went’, then moves the story on to the present with a verb in pres., bjóða ‘invite’ and creates a certain tension or excitement with the future tense passive verðr getit ‘will be mentioned’. The first main clause Ferðir bjóða byskupi fljótt fund is interrupted with a relative cl. sem sóktu með blíðum brynmeið. The relative cl. amplifies the noun ferðir, but does not replace it (Höskuldur Þráinsson 1999, 176-8). The second main cl. verðr getit hve þar fór is split in two. The cl. arrangement of the helmingr is very complex if this interpretation is adopted: ababcbac. The second option is as follows: Ferðir * bjóða sóktu fljótt fund byskups með blíðum brynmeið; verðr getið hve þar fór ‘The troops of the offerer [MEN] soon went to visit the bishop with the kind mail-coat tree [WARRIOR]; it will be mentioned how it went there’. This arrangement involves choosing the reading of 399a-bˣ and 2166ˣ, byskups (gen.), instead of the reading in 721 and 1032ˣ byskup (nom.). The rel. sem needs to be omitted and bjóða taken as gen. sg. of bjóðr ‘offerer’ (m.) rather than the verb bjóða ‘to offer, invite’, in which case the determinant in the man-kenning seems to be missing. The cl. arrangement of the helmingr is then quite simple: abab. Both options have their faults.
Stanza/chapter/text segment
Use the buttons at the top of the page to navigate between stanzas in a poem.
Information tab
- text: if the stanza has been published, the edited text of the stanza and translation are here; if it hasn't been published an old edition (usually Skj) is given for reference
- sources: a list of the manuscripts or inscriptions containing this stanza, with page and line references and links (eye button) to images where available, and transcription where available
- readings: a list of variant manuscript readings of words in the main text
- editions and texts: a list of editions of the stanza with links to the bibliography; and a list of prose works in which the stanza occurs, allowing you to navigate within the prose context
- notes and context: notes not linked to individual words are given here, along with the account of the prose context for the stanza, where relevant
Interactive tab
The text and translation are given here, with buttons to toggle whether the text is shown in the verse order or prose word order. Clicking on indiviudal words gives dictionary links, variant readings, kennings and notes, where relevant.
Full text tab
This is the text of the edition in a similar format to how the edition appears in the printed volumes.
Chapter/text segment
This view is also used for chapters and other text segments. Not all the headings shown are relevant to such sections.