Anonymous Poems, Brúðkaupsvísur 2

Valgerður Erna Þorvaldsdóttir

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Anon Brúðv 2^VII

Valgerður Erna Þorvaldsdóttir (ed.) 2007, ‘Anonymous Poems, Brúðkaupsvísur 2’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 530.

Anonymous Poems Brúðkaupsvísur

1 2 3

[1] ör*: örr 721

kennings

Ágæt*, ör*, dróttning fyrða,
‘May the splendid, generous queen of men, ’
= Mary
May the splendid, generous queen of men, → Mary

notes

[1] ör* ‘generous’: All mss have örr m. The adj. qualifies dróttning f. ‘queen’ and should therefore not have the m. ending –r (ÍM II, 129).

ágæt* ‘splendid’

(not checked:)
ágætr (adj.; °compar. ágǽtari/ágǽtri, superl. ágǽtastr/ágǽztr): excellent

[2] ágæt*: ágætr 721

kennings

Ágæt*, ör*, dróttning fyrða,
‘May the splendid, generous queen of men, ’
= Mary
May the splendid, generous queen of men, → Mary

notes

[2] ágæt* ‘splendid’: All mss have ágætr m. As in the previous l., the adj. qualifies dróttning f. and has been emended to the f. form.

en ‘than’

(not checked:)
4. en (conj.): than

eg ‘I’

(not checked:)
ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me

beðið ‘ask for’

(not checked:)
bíða (verb; °bíðr; beið, biðu; beðit): wait, suffer, experience

fá ‘can’

(not checked:)
2. fá (verb; °fǽr; fekk, fengu; fenginn): get, receive

fyrða ‘of men’

(not checked:)
2. fyrðr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -): man

kennings

Ágæt*, ör*, dróttning fyrða,
‘May the splendid, generous queen of men, ’
= Mary
May the splendid, generous queen of men, → Mary

notes

[3] fyrða (m. gen. pl.) ‘men’: Jón Helgason (ÍM) emended to fira (m. gen. pl.) ‘men’, echoing st. 7/7.

sú ‘’

(not checked:)
1. sá (pron.; °gen. þess, dat. þeim, acc. þann; f. sú, gen. þeirrar, acc. þá; n. þat, dat. því; pl. m. þeir, f. þǽ---): that (one), those

er ‘who’

(not checked:)
2. er (conj.): who, which, when

fremst ‘the most outstanding’

(not checked:)
fremst (adv.): [most outstanding]

er ‘is’

(not checked:)
2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am

fullting ‘help’

(not checked:)
1. fullting (noun f.): [help]

dróttning ‘queen’

(not checked:)
dróttning (noun f.; °-ar, dat. -u/-, acc. -u/-; -ar): queen

kennings

Ágæt*, ör*, dróttning fyrða,
‘May the splendid, generous queen of men, ’
= Mary
May the splendid, generous queen of men, → Mary

því ‘because’

(not checked:)
því (adv.): therefore, because

að ‘’

(not checked:)
5. at (nota): to (with infinitive)

ljóða ‘make’

(not checked:)
ljóða (verb): compose a poem

lof ‘the praise’

(not checked:)
lof (noun n.; °-s; -): praise, leave, permission < lofsmíð (noun f.)

smíð ‘work of poetry’

(not checked:)
smíð (noun f.; °-ar; -ir/-ar): well-made, -crafted < lofsmíð (noun f.)

ljósti ‘’

(not checked:)
ljóstr (noun m.; °; -rar): °(tregrenet) fork

ljóssi ‘for the bright’

(not checked:)
ljóss (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): bright

[6] ljóssi: ljósti 721

kennings

ljóssi grund vita vazta,
‘for the bright land of the beacon of the fishing-grounds ’
= WOMAN
the beacon of the fishing-grounds → GOLD
for the bright land of the GOLD → WOMAN

notes

[6] ljóssi ‘bright’: Emendation suggested by Jón Helgason. The reading ljósti ‘strike’ in the mss does not make sense in this context.

það ‘that’

(not checked:)
1. sá (pron.; °gen. þess, dat. þeim, acc. þann; f. sú, gen. þeirrar, acc. þá; n. þat, dat. því; pl. m. þeir, f. þǽ---): that (one), those

er ‘is’

(not checked:)
2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am

skylt ‘duty’

(not checked:)
2. skyldr (adj.): obliged

oss ‘our [my]’

(not checked:)
vér (pron.; °gen. vár, dat./acc. oss): we, us, our

virðla ‘’

vanda ‘carefully’

(not checked:)
vandr (adj.): difficult

[7] vanda: so 2166ˣ, ‘u⸜i⸝dla’ 721, virðla 1032ˣ, 399a‑bˣ

skal ‘will’

(not checked:)
skulu (verb): shall, should, must

eg ‘I’

(not checked:)
ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me

vita ‘of the beacon’

(not checked:)
viti (noun m.; °-a; -ar): beacon, marker

kennings

ljóssi grund vita vazta,
‘for the bright land of the beacon of the fishing-grounds ’
= WOMAN
the beacon of the fishing-grounds → GOLD
for the bright land of the GOLD → WOMAN

vita ‘of the beacon’

(not checked:)
viti (noun m.; °-a; -ar): beacon, marker

kennings

ljóssi grund vita vazta,
‘for the bright land of the beacon of the fishing-grounds ’
= WOMAN
the beacon of the fishing-grounds → GOLD
for the bright land of the GOLD → WOMAN

grund ‘land’

(not checked:)
grund (noun f.): earth, land

kennings

ljóssi grund vita vazta,
‘for the bright land of the beacon of the fishing-grounds ’
= WOMAN
the beacon of the fishing-grounds → GOLD
for the bright land of the GOLD → WOMAN

vazta ‘of the fishing-grounds’

(not checked:)
vǫst (noun f.): sea, ocean

[8] vazta: so 399a‑bˣ, 2166ˣ, ‘vakta’ 721, 1032ˣ

kennings

ljóssi grund vita vazta,
‘for the bright land of the beacon of the fishing-grounds ’
= WOMAN
the beacon of the fishing-grounds → GOLD
for the bright land of the GOLD → WOMAN

notes

[8] vazta (f. nom. vöst) ‘of the fishing-grounds’: This reading of 399a-bˣ and 2166ˣ provides the determinant in the gold-kenning viti vazta ‘the beacon of the fishing grounds’. The reading of 721 and 1032ˣ, ‘vakta’, seems to be corrupted and does not make sense here.

vazta ‘of the fishing-grounds’

(not checked:)
vǫst (noun f.): sea, ocean

[8] vazta: so 399a‑bˣ, 2166ˣ, ‘vakta’ 721, 1032ˣ

kennings

ljóssi grund vita vazta,
‘for the bright land of the beacon of the fishing-grounds ’
= WOMAN
the beacon of the fishing-grounds → GOLD
for the bright land of the GOLD → WOMAN

notes

sem ‘as’

(not checked:)
sem (conj.): as, which

eg ‘I’

(not checked:)
ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me

kann ‘can’

(not checked:)
kunna (verb): know, can, be able

bazt ‘best’

(not checked:)
betri (adj. comp.; °superl. beztr/baztr; pos. góðr adj.): better, best

[8] bazt: so 399a‑bˣ, 2166ˣ, ‘best’ 721, 1032ˣ

notes

[8] bazt ‘best’: Jón Helgason (ÍM) chose the reading of 399a-bˣ and 2166ˣ, bazt (adj. sup. of vel), to get the full rhyme (aðalhending) with vazta, rather then the reading best in 721 and 1032ˣ.

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verse
prose

The poet now invokes the help of the Virgin Mary, stating that he intends to compose a praise-poem in her honour.

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Anon Brúðv 2VII

Meira ‘more’

veiti ‘grant’

oss ‘us’

ör* ‘generous’

kennings

notes

ágæt* ‘splendid’

kennings

notes

en ‘than’

eg ‘I’

beðið ‘ask for’

fá ‘can’

fyrða ‘of men’

kennings

notes

sú ‘’

er ‘who’

fremst ‘the most outstanding’

er ‘is’

fullting ‘help’

dróttning ‘queen’

kennings

því ‘because’

að ‘’

ljóða ‘make’

lof ‘the praise’

smíð ‘work of poetry’

ljósti ‘’

ljóssi ‘for the bright’

kennings

notes

það ‘that’

er ‘is’

skylt ‘duty’

oss ‘our [my]’

virðla ‘’

vanda ‘carefully’

skal ‘will’

eg ‘I’

vita ‘of the beacon’

kennings

vita ‘of the beacon’

kennings

grund ‘land’

kennings

vazta ‘of the fishing-grounds’

kennings

notes

vazta ‘of the fishing-grounds’

kennings

notes

sem ‘as’

eg ‘I’

kann ‘can’

bazt ‘best’

notes

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Anon Brúðv 2^VII