Anon Vitn 9VII
Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2007, ‘Anonymous Poems, Vitnisvísur af Máríu 9’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 746.
notes
[1] leið (3rd pers. sg. pret. indic.) ‘passed’: The verb is used impersonally with langar tíðir ‘long times’ in the acc. Cf. Mar (1871, 299): Liða nv timar ‘Now times pass’.
um ‘’
(not checked:)
1. um (prep.): about, around
langar ‘Long’
(not checked:)
langr (adj.; °compar. lengri, superl. lengstr): long
tíðir ‘times’
(not checked:)
1. tíð (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): time
lundr ‘tree’
(not checked:)
1. lundr (noun m.; °-ar, dat. -i/-; -ar): grove, tree
kennings
alsæmdr lundr auðs‘the very honourable tree of wealth ’
= MAN
the very honourable tree of wealth → MAN
fór ‘went’
(not checked:)
fara (verb; ferr, fór, fóru, farinn): go, travel
burt ‘away’
(not checked:)
2. burt (adv.): away
frá ‘from’
(not checked:)
frá (prep.): from
sprundi ‘the woman’
(not checked:)
sprund (noun f.): woman
auðs ‘of wealth’
(not checked:)
1. auðr (noun m.; °-s/-ar, dat. -i/-): wealth
kennings
alsæmdr lundr auðs‘the very honourable tree of wealth ’
= MAN
the very honourable tree of wealth → MAN
því ‘because’
(not checked:)
því (adv.): therefore, because
að ‘’
(not checked:)
4. at (conj.): that
arfrinn ‘inheritance’
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arfr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-(Frost 215¹²); -ar): inheritance
fríði ‘a [lit. the] fair’
(not checked:)
fríðr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): beautiful, fair
alsæmdr ‘the very honourable’
(not checked:)
alsæmdr (adj./verb p.p.): [very honourable]
kennings
alsæmdr lundr auðs‘the very honourable tree of wealth ’
= MAN
the very honourable tree of wealth → MAN
notes
[4] alsæmdr (m. nom. sg.) ‘the very honourable’: This adj. could technically also modify arfrinn fríði ‘a fair inheritance’, but it is better applied to the man (lundr auðs ‘the tree of wealth’, ll. 2, 3) as an honorific attributive used in an ironic manner (cf. his less than honourable behaviour described in the second helmingr).
honum ‘him’
(not checked:)
hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
tæmdiz ‘was allotted’
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tœma (verb): [was allotted]
Burgeis ‘a citizen’
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burgeis (noun m.; °burgeis, dat. burgeis; burgeisar): [a citizen]
notes
[5] burgeis ‘citizen’: This is a late loanword from ME burgeis ‘citizen’ (< OFr bourgeois < MLat burgensis; see AEW: burgeis). Mar (1871, 1053) defines this social status as follows: einn burgeis eda rikazti gardzbondi var hann af ollum kalladr ‘he was called a citizen or the most powerful house-owner by everyone’. See also Fritzner: burgeis.
var ‘was’
(not checked:)
2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
hann ‘He’
(not checked:)
hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
notes
[5, 8] hann ... hann ‘he ... he’: Both pronouns are extrametrical, but because the metre is so irregular, the ms. readings have been retained here and elsewhere.
í ‘in’
(not checked:)
í (prep.): in, into
borgum ‘the cities’
(not checked:)
borg (noun f.; °-ar, dat. -; -ir): city, stronghold
brátt ‘soon’
(not checked:)
bráðr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): quick(ly)
og ‘and’
(not checked:)
3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
nógligt ‘plenty of’
(not checked:)
gnógligr (adj.): [plenty of]
átti ‘owned’
(not checked:)
2. eiga (verb; °á/eigr (præs. pl. 3. pers. eigu/eiga); átti, áttu; átt): own, have
gull ‘gold’
(not checked:)
gull (noun n.): gold
en ‘but’
(not checked:)
2. en (conj.): but, and
guð ‘of precious’
(not checked:)
góðr (adj.): good < guðvefr (noun m.): precious fabric
kennings
þellu guðvefs‘the fir of precious cloth ’
= WOMAN
the fir of precious cloth → WOMAN
vefs ‘cloth’
(not checked:)
vefr (noun m.; °-jar; -ir): cloth, sail, weaving < guðvefr (noun m.): precious fabric
kennings
þellu guðvefs‘the fir of precious cloth ’
= WOMAN
the fir of precious cloth → WOMAN
þellu ‘the fir’
(not checked:)
þella (noun f.): fir, young pine
kennings
þellu guðvefs‘the fir of precious cloth ’
= WOMAN
the fir of precious cloth → WOMAN
gleymdi ‘forgot’
(not checked:)
gleyma (verb): forget
hann ‘he’
(not checked:)
hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
notes
[5, 8] hann ... hann ‘he ... he’: Both pronouns are extrametrical, but because the metre is so irregular, the ms. readings have been retained here and elsewhere.
með ‘with’
(not checked:)
með (prep.): with
eymdum ‘miseries’
(not checked:)
eymð (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): misery
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