Anon Vitn 16VII
Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2007, ‘Anonymous Poems, Vitnisvísur af Máríu 16’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 751.
Veiztu ‘You know’
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1. vita (verb): know
að ‘that’
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4. at (conj.): that
váttar ‘witnesses’
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váttr (noun m.; °váttar; dat. vátt/vǽtti; váttar/vǽttir, acc. vátta/váttu/vǽtta): witness
æztir ‘the highest’
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œðri (adj. comp.): nobler, higher
vóru ‘were’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
hjá ‘present’
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hjá (prep.): beside, with
þá ‘’
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2. þá (adv.): then
er ‘when’
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2. er (conj.): who, which, when
fóru ‘were uttered’
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fara (verb; ferr, fór, fóru, farinn): go, travel
festar ‘of betrothal’
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festr (noun f.; °dat. & acc. -i; -ar/-ir): mooring, betrothal < festarorð (noun n.)
orð ‘the words’
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orð (noun n.; °-s; -): word < festarorð (noun n.)
en ‘but’
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2. en (conj.): but, and
firðiz ‘stayed away’
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2. firra (verb): keep (from), remove
flokkr ‘the crowd’
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flokkr (noun m.): group, flock
kaup ‘’
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kaup (noun n.; °-s; -): reward, purchase < kaupmál (noun n.)
mála ‘agreement’
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1. mál (noun n.; °-s; -): speech, matter < kaupmál (noun n.)
okkarn ‘from our’
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vér (pron.; °gen. vár, dat./acc. oss): we, us, our
Riett ‘rightly’
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3. réttr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): right, straight, direct
hygg ‘believe’
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2. hyggja (verb): think, consider
eg ‘I’
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ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
að ‘that’
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4. at (conj.): that
þá ‘then’
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2. þá (adv.): then
þætti ‘seemed’
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2. þykkja (verb): seem, think
því ‘in this matter’
ráðið ‘decided’
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ráða (verb): advise, rule, interpret, decide
vel ‘well’
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vel (adv.): well, very
báðum ‘to us both’
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báðir (pron.; °gen. beggja (báðra), nom./acc. n. bǽði): both
lín ‘the linen’
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lín (noun n.): linen; headband < línvangr (noun m.)
[7] línvang: línbanda 713, 721
kennings
línvang‘the linen-field ’
= WOMAN
the linen-field → WOMAN
notes
[7] línvang ‘linen-field [WOMAN]’: This emendation is conjectural. For a similar kenning see silkigrund ‘silk-land [WOMAN]’ in 23/6 below. The ms. reading línbanda (n. gen. pl.) ‘of the linen-bands’ could function as a determinant in a kenning for ‘woman’, but there is no base-word, and the internal rhyme (-and- : -eing-) is defective. Kahle emends to línband ‘linen-band’ (i.e. ‘woman’; so also Wrightson), which still leaves the defective internal rhyme. Skald B changes linbanda to línbands ‘of the linen-band’ and leingi ‘for a long time’ to lindi ‘linden tree’ and construes the kenning lindi línbands ‘the linden tree of the linen-band [WOMAN]’. Sperber gives lindi línbanda ‘the linden tree of linen-bands’. Skald emends línbanda ‘of the linen-bands’ to Lín hrings ‘Lín <goddess> of the ring [WOMAN]’. That interpretation is unsatisfactory because it requires loss of initial h- in the name of the goddess Hlín (a Norwegianism).
vang ‘field’
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1. vangr (noun m.): field, plain < línvangr (noun m.)
[7] línvang: línbanda 713, 721
kennings
línvang‘the linen-field ’
= WOMAN
the linen-field → WOMAN
notes
[7] línvang ‘linen-field [WOMAN]’: This emendation is conjectural. For a similar kenning see silkigrund ‘silk-land [WOMAN]’ in 23/6 below. The ms. reading línbanda (n. gen. pl.) ‘of the linen-bands’ could function as a determinant in a kenning for ‘woman’, but there is no base-word, and the internal rhyme (-and- : -eing-) is defective. Kahle emends to línband ‘linen-band’ (i.e. ‘woman’; so also Wrightson), which still leaves the defective internal rhyme. Skald B changes linbanda to línbands ‘of the linen-band’ and leingi ‘for a long time’ to lindi ‘linden tree’ and construes the kenning lindi línbands ‘the linden tree of the linen-band [WOMAN]’. Sperber gives lindi línbanda ‘the linden tree of linen-bands’. Skald emends línbanda ‘of the linen-bands’ to Lín hrings ‘Lín <goddess> of the ring [WOMAN]’. That interpretation is unsatisfactory because it requires loss of initial h- in the name of the goddess Hlín (a Norwegianism).
kvað ‘said’
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2. kveðja (verb; kvaddi): (dd) request, address, greet
hann ‘he’
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hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
leingi ‘for a long time’
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lengi (adv.): for a long time
ljúga ‘lied’
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ljúga (verb): lie
hvert ‘with each’
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2. hverr (pron.): who, whom, each, every
orð ‘word’
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orð (noun n.; °-s; -): word
drjúgum ‘excessively’
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drjúgr (adj.; °compar. -ari (drýgari [$1033$] ms. 56v, superl. -astr): very, excessive
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
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‘Veiztu, að váttar æztir |
‘You know that the highest witnesses were present when the words of betrothal were uttered, but the crowd stayed away from our agreement. I rightly believe that it then seemed to us both that it had been well decided in this matter’; for a long time he said that the linen-field [WOMAN] lied excessively with each word.
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