Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2007, ‘Anonymous Poems, Vitnisvísur af Máríu 14’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 749-50.
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spyrja (verb; spurði): ask; hear, find out
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1. hringr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -; -ar): ring; sword
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hirðir (noun m.; °hirðis/hirðirs, dat. & acc. hirði; hirðar/hirðir): guardian, keeper, pastor
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1. herra (noun m.; °herra; herrar): lord
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ríkr (adj.): mighty, powerful, rich
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3. at (prep.): at, to
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2. slíkr (adj.): such
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sœtr (adj.): sweet
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sǫgn (noun f.; °sagnar; sagnir): narrative, message; troop, men
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í (prep.): in, into
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móti (prep.): against
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hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
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eið (noun n.; °-s; -): ?oath/headland
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stórr (adj.): large, great
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1. guð (noun m.; °***guðrs, guðis, gus): (Christian) God
[5] Guðs: guði 713, 721
[5] guðs (m. gen. sg.) ‘of God’: Guði (m. dat. sg.) ‘for God’ is ungrammatical.
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fyrir (prep.): for, before, because of
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nýtr (adj.; °compar. -ri, superl. nýztr/nýtastr): useful, able
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náð (noun f.; °-ar; náðir/náðr): grace, peace
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2. nefna (verb): mention, name, call
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1. byskup (noun m.; °-s/-(cf. [$489$]), dat. -i/-; -ar): bishop
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2. stefna (verb): aim, summon
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vænn (adj.): beautiful, expected
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til (prep.): to
[7] til vátta sinna ‘to his witnesses’: This interpretation is conjectural. The refl. pron. ought to refer back to the subject (the bishop), in which case the phrase should translate ‘to his (own) witnesses’, which makes little sense. However, the refl. pron. can also refer back to the object of the cl. (see NS §330), but the object of the verb stefndi ‘summoned’ (l. 6) is suppressed, and we do not know whether the bishop summoned the woman or the man or both. Skj B has ‘summoned them’ and ‘her witnesses’ (so also apparently Skald; see NN §1677a), which is ungrammatical, and Wrightson has ‘summoned him’ and ‘his witnesses’. The latter interpretation is supported by the corresponding passage in Mar (1871, 301): Ok þvi biðr ek yðr í gvðs nafni, at þer stefnit honvm þingdag til þeirar sømu kirkjv ‘And therefore I ask you in the name of God that you stipulate a court-date for him to the same church’.
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váttr (noun m.; °váttar; dat. vátt/vǽtti; váttar/vǽttir, acc. vátta/váttu/vǽtta): witness
[7] til vátta sinna ‘to his witnesses’: This interpretation is conjectural. The refl. pron. ought to refer back to the subject (the bishop), in which case the phrase should translate ‘to his (own) witnesses’, which makes little sense. However, the refl. pron. can also refer back to the object of the cl. (see NS §330), but the object of the verb stefndi ‘summoned’ (l. 6) is suppressed, and we do not know whether the bishop summoned the woman or the man or both. Skj B has ‘summoned them’ and ‘her witnesses’ (so also apparently Skald; see NN §1677a), which is ungrammatical, and Wrightson has ‘summoned him’ and ‘his witnesses’. The latter interpretation is supported by the corresponding passage in Mar (1871, 301): Ok þvi biðr ek yðr í gvðs nafni, at þer stefnit honvm þingdag til þeirar sømu kirkjv ‘And therefore I ask you in the name of God that you stipulate a court-date for him to the same church’.
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3. sinn (pron.; °f. sín, n. sitt): (refl. poss. pron.)
[7] til vátta sinna ‘to his witnesses’: This interpretation is conjectural. The refl. pron. ought to refer back to the subject (the bishop), in which case the phrase should translate ‘to his (own) witnesses’, which makes little sense. However, the refl. pron. can also refer back to the object of the cl. (see NS §330), but the object of the verb stefndi ‘summoned’ (l. 6) is suppressed, and we do not know whether the bishop summoned the woman or the man or both. Skj B has ‘summoned them’ and ‘her witnesses’ (so also apparently Skald; see NN §1677a), which is ungrammatical, and Wrightson has ‘summoned him’ and ‘his witnesses’. The latter interpretation is supported by the corresponding passage in Mar (1871, 301): Ok þvi biðr ek yðr í gvðs nafni, at þer stefnit honvm þingdag til þeirar sømu kirkjv ‘And therefore I ask you in the name of God that you stipulate a court-date for him to the same church’.
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virkr (adj.): considerate
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María (noun f.): Mary < máríukirkja (noun f.)
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kirkja (noun f.): church < máríukirkja (noun f.)
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