Þul Fiska 1III
Elena Gurevich (ed.) 2017, ‘Anonymous Þulur, Fiska heiti 1’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 852.
Lax ‘Salmon’
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lax (noun m.; °; -ar): salmon
[1] Lax ok langa: Lax langa Tˣ, C, ‘[…]ax ok […]nga’ B, ‘Lax ok lannga’ 744ˣ
ok ‘and’
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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
[1] Lax ok langa: Lax langa Tˣ, C, ‘[…]ax ok […]nga’ B, ‘Lax ok lannga’ 744ˣ
langa ‘ling’
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1. langa (noun f.; °*-u; gen. -na): °(fisken) lange
[1] Lax ok langa: Lax langa Tˣ, C, ‘[…]ax ok […]nga’ B, ‘Lax ok lannga’ 744ˣ
notes
[1] langa (f.) ‘ling’: A saltwater fish (Molva molva).
lýsa ‘whiting’
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1. lýsa (noun f.; °-u): cod, whiting
[2] lýsa: lýsa ok C, ‘lýs[…]’ B, lýsa ok 744ˣ
notes
[2] lýsa, brosma ‘whiting, tusk’: Whiting (lýsa f.) is a saltwater fish (Merlangius merlangus) and tusk (brosma f.; Brosmius brosme) a saltwater fish resembling a ling. The latter is also called keila (see st. 4/3 below).
notes
[2] lýsa, brosma ‘whiting, tusk’: Whiting (lýsa f.) is a saltwater fish (Merlangius merlangus) and tusk (brosma f.; Brosmius brosme) a saltwater fish resembling a ling. The latter is also called keila (see st. 4/3 below).
birtingr ‘sea-trout’
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birtingr (noun m.; °-s, dat -i/-): [sea-trout]
hœingr ‘male salmon’
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hœingr (noun m.; °-s): [salmon]
notes
[3] hœingr (m.) ‘male salmon’: In mss R, Tˣ, A, the word occurs in the older, disyllabic form. In the present list, the term most likely refers to a male salmon, whereas ModIcel. hængur can be a male fish of other species as well (Nordgaard 1912, 55).
notes
[4] bust ok hrygna ‘perch and kelt’: Perch (bust n.) is a rather small freshwater fish (Perca fluviativis) and hrygna f. ‘kelt’ is roe-fish (from hrogn ‘roe’), a female fish that has just spawned.
notes
[4] bust ok hrygna ‘perch and kelt’: Perch (bust n.) is a rather small freshwater fish (Perca fluviativis) and hrygna f. ‘kelt’ is roe-fish (from hrogn ‘roe’), a female fish that has just spawned.
hrygna ‘kelt’
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hrygna (noun f.; °-u): °(laks el. ørreds) hunfisk
notes
[4] bust ok hrygna ‘perch and kelt’: Perch (bust n.) is a rather small freshwater fish (Perca fluviativis) and hrygna f. ‘kelt’ is roe-fish (from hrogn ‘roe’), a female fish that has just spawned.
humarr ‘lobster’
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humarr (noun m.): lobster
hrognkelsi ‘lumpfish’
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hrognkelsi (noun n.)
notes
[5] hrognkelsi (m.) ‘lumpfish’: A somewhat large saltwater fish (Cyclopterus lumpus), whose roe (hrogn) can be used as a substitute for caviar.
hveðnir ‘male fish’
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hveðnir (noun m.)
notes
[6] hveðnir (m.) ‘male fish’: The word occurs only in poetry. According to Falk (1925c, 126), this heiti is related to Goth. hwaþo ‘foam’ (and the verb hwaþjan ‘foam’) and it is probably not a term for a particular species but rather one of the words denoting male and female fish (cf. hœingr ‘male salmon’ and hrygna ‘kelt’ (ll. 3-4)). Cf., however, ModIcel. bretahveðnir ‘Cornish blackfish’.
flóki ‘flounder’
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2. flóki (noun m.)
notes
[6] flóki (m.) ‘flounder’: Or ‘fluke’. As a term for a species of fish, the word does not occur in other Old Norse sources. According to Nordgaard (1912, 56), flóki is a kind of flounder (Pleuronectes flesus).
ǫlunn ‘mackerel’
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ǫlunn (noun m.): [fish]
Andvari ‘Andvari’
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andvari (noun m.; °-a): °worry, anxiety
notes
[8] Andvari: Lit. ‘watcher’. This is the name of a legendary dwarf who assumed the form of a pike, hence, ‘pike’ (Kristensen 1917, 112). Cf. the prose to Reg (NK 173): hann var lǫngom í forsinom í geddo líki ‘he stayed in the waterfall for a long time in the shape of a pike’. Other than in the present list, the word does not occur as a heiti for ‘fish’.
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
Of the fifteen heiti for ‘fish’ listed in this stanza, five are not found in poetry, i.e. brosma f. ‘tusk’ (l. 2), bust n. ‘perch’ (l. 4), hrygna f. ‘kelt’ (l. 4), flóki m. ‘flounder’ (l. 6) and Andvari (l. 8).
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