Þul Hesta 3III
Elena Gurevich (ed.) 2017, ‘Anonymous Þulur, Hesta heiti 3’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 937.
Vegbjartr ‘Way-bright one’
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2. vegbjartr (noun m.): vegbjartr
notes
[1] vegbjartr (m.) ‘way-bright one’: An otherwise unattested cpd from vegr m. ‘way’ and the adj. bjartr ‘bright, clear’.
Hǫlkvir ‘Hǫlkvir’
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Hǫlkvir (noun m.): [horse, steed]
notes
[1] Hǫlkvir: Lit. ‘one with an even pace’. See Note to Anon Kálfv 4/5.
Vingskornir ‘Vingskornir’
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Vingskornir (noun m.)
[2] Vingskornir: ‘vígsk[…]’ B, ‘vígskornir’ 744ˣ
notes
[2] Vingskornir: This is Sigrdrífa’s horse in Fáfn 44/4. The meaning of the name is perhaps ‘land-ploughing one’ (from ving-, cf. vengi ‘land’, and ‑skornir, an agent noun from the strong verb skera ‘cut’; see LP: Vingskornir). Alternatively, the first element, ving-, could mean ‘swing, stagger’, thus expressing the notion of unsteady motion (so Kahle 1903, 171; AEW: vingr, Vingskornir). The name is otherwise not attested in skaldic verse.
Alsviðr ‘Alsviðr’
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Alsviðr (noun m.): Alsviðr
notes
[3] Alsviðr: Lit. ‘all-swift one’ (the second element is the adj. sviðr, svinnr ‘swift, quick’). This is the name of a horse that pulls the Sun (see Grí 37/1-3 and SnE 1998, I, 90: Árvakr ok Alsviðr *draga sólina ‘Árvakr and Alsviðr pull the sun’). See also sts 1/1, 2/2, 4/8 and l. 4 below. The name is not found in skaldic verse.
notes
[3] alvarr (m.) ‘all-cautious one’: The second element is the adj. varr ‘cautious, careful’. The B variant ‘afarr’ must be a scribal error. As a horse-heiti, the word is found only in the present þula.
Árvakr ‘Árvakr’
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2. Árvakr (noun m.): alert one
notes
[4] Árvakr: The heiti translates as ‘alert one’ or ‘one who is awake early’. This is the name of another horse belonging to the Sun (see Note to Alsviðr in l. 3, as well as Vakr, st. 2/5, and Anon Kálfv 2/4). Árvakr does not occur in skaldic verse, but the name is listed as an ox-heiti in Þul Øxna 1/3.
Drasill ‘Drasill’
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drasill (noun m.): steed
notes
[4] Drasill: A commonly-used poetic word for ‘horse’ or ‘steed’. See Anon Kálfv 1/1.
Blakkr ‘Blakkr’
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1. blakkr (noun m.): horse
notes
[5] Blakkr: Lit. ‘black one’ or ‘dun-coloured one’. See Note to Anon Þorgþ I 2/3.
bǫlþvari ‘evil-borer’
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bǫlþvari (noun m.)
notes
[5] bǫlþvari (m.) ‘evil-borer’: An otherwise unattested cpd from bǫl m. ‘bale, misfortune, evil’ and þvari m. ‘drill, gimlet’. It is possibly the proper name of a horse.
bráinn ‘flickering one’
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bráinn (noun m.): °for a snake)
notes
[6] bráinn (m.) ‘flickering one’: From the weak verb brjá ‘flicker’. The heiti is modelled on the semantic pattern ‘shining one’ frequently used in the þulur. This is also a heiti for ‘serpent’ (Þul Orma 4/1), but neither heiti is attested in other sources.
hástigi ‘high-stepper’
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hástigi (noun m.): hástigi
notes
[6] hástigi (m.) ‘high-stepper’: From the adj. hár ‘high’ and the strong verb stíga. As a horse-heiti, the word occurs only in the present þula. Hástigi is also the name of a giant-like man in Hjálmþés saga (FSN III, 491, 495-7, 501-4) and a heiti for ‘giant’ (see Note to Þul Jǫtna I 2/2).
Marr ‘Marr’
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2. marr (noun m.): horse
notes
[7] Marr, Jór: Both words are poetic terms for ‘steed’, and they occur as proper names in Anon Þorgþ I 1/7, 2/6 (see Notes there).
Jór ‘Jór’
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jór (noun m.): stallion, steed
notes
[7] Marr, Jór: Both words are poetic terms for ‘steed’, and they occur as proper names in Anon Þorgþ I 1/7, 2/6 (see Notes there).
notes
[7] bautuðr (m.) ‘striker’: As a horse-heiti, the word occurs only here, but, like certain other heiti in this list (e.g. Árvakr and jǫrmuni ‘mighty one’, ll. 4, 8 of the present stanza), it is also mentioned in Þul Øxna (st. 1/9). Bautuðr is an agent noun derived from a weak verb *bauta ‘strike’ (from a strong verb bauta, of which only the p. p. bautinn survives). See also Finnur Jónsson 1926-8: bauta.
Mór ‘Mór’
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2. mór (noun m.)
[8] Mór jǫrmuni: ‘[…]une’ B, ‘mor j́ormune’ or ‘nior j́ormune’ 744ˣ
notes
[8] Mór: Lit. ‘brown one’ (m.). As in Anon Þorgþ I 1/7 (see Note there), this name alliterates with Marr.
jǫrmuni ‘mighty one’
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jǫrmuni (noun m.)
[8] Mór jǫrmuni: ‘[…]une’ B, ‘mor j́ormune’ or ‘nior j́ormune’ 744ˣ
notes
[8] jǫrmuni (m.) ‘mighty one’: Cf. jǫrmun- ‘great’ in various compounds and Óðinn’s name Jǫrmunr (see Note to Þul Óðins 8/1). As a horse-heiti, the word is attested only here, but it is also listed in Þul Øxna 2/7.
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