Þul Boga 1^III

Almr ‘Elm’

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almr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): bow, elm-bow

[1] Almr: ‘[…]lmr’ B, Almr 744ˣ

dalr ‘hollow’

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2. dalr (noun m.): (gen. -ar) bow

notes

[1] dalr, bogi ‘hollow, bow’: Ms. A reads dalr dalbogi and hence seems to contain a cpd dalbogi lit. ‘hollow-bow’. The etymology of dalr (ON dalr m. ‘dale, hollow, valley’) is debated, as is the relationship of that word to the abstract meaning ‘curve’ (a homonym?). See AEW: dalr 1. Dalr ‘bow’ is attested in kennings (see LP: 2. dalr).

bogi ‘bow’

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bogi (noun m.; °-a; -ar): bow

[1] bogi: dalbogi A

notes

[1] dalr, bogi ‘hollow, bow’: Ms. A reads dalr dalbogi and hence seems to contain a cpd dalbogi lit. ‘hollow-bow’. The etymology of dalr (ON dalr m. ‘dale, hollow, valley’) is debated, as is the relationship of that word to the abstract meaning ‘curve’ (a homonym?). See AEW: dalr 1. Dalr ‘bow’ is attested in kennings (see LP: 2. dalr).

ýr ‘yew’

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ýr (noun m.): yew, yew-bow, bow

ok ‘and’

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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also

tví ‘double’

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tví- ((prefix)): [now, double] < tvíviðr (noun m.): [bow]

notes

[2] tvíviðr (m.) ‘double-wood’: This heiti for ‘bow’ is found in Eil Þdr 20/5.

viðr ‘wood’

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1. viðr (noun m.; °-ar, dat. -i/-; -ir, acc. -u/-i): wood, tree < tvíviðr (noun m.): [bow]

[2] ‑viðr: ‘‑pidr’ Tˣ

notes

[2] tvíviðr (m.) ‘double-wood’: This heiti for ‘bow’ is found in Eil Þdr 20/5.

sveigr ‘bending one’

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1. sveigr (noun m.): headdress

[3] sveigr: sveigr ok C

notes

[3] sveigr (m.) ‘bending one’: The word is probably derived from a strong verb *svíga ‘bend’ (cf. ModSwed. dialects swīga ‘bend, give way’). See also the weak verb sveigja ‘bend’ and sveigr m. ‘twig, switch’. As a heiti for ‘bow’, the word is not found elsewhere in skaldic poetry, but it is attested in the later rímur (Finnur Jónsson 1926-8: sveigr).

glær ‘glaring one’

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1. glær (noun m.): Glær, glaring one

notes

[3] glær (m.) ‘glaring one’: Or, with Falk (1914b, 95), ‘yellowish one’. The word occurs in poetry and prose as a heiti for ‘sea’ (LP: 2. glær; Fritzner: glær) and as the adj. glær ‘transparent, bright’ (LP: 1. glær), but it is not attested elsewhere as a term for ‘bow’. In the þulur, glær is also listed in Þul Hesta 1/1.

ok ‘and’

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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also

[3] ok: om. C

þrymr ‘noise’

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þrymr (noun m.; °-s): din

[3] þrymr: þyrnir Tˣ

notes

[3] þrymr (m.) ‘noise’: The Tˣ variant þyrnir ‘thorn’ (see Þul Viðar 3/3) must be a scribal error. Þrymr is also the name of a giant (see Þul Jǫtna I 2/7, as well as Þrkv).

sómr ‘seemly one’

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sómr (noun m.): honourable

[4] sómr: om. A, B

notes

[4] sómr (m.) ‘seemly one’: Cf. the weak verbs sœma ‘honour’ and sóma ‘beseem’, as well as the noun sómi m. ‘honour’ and the heiti sómi among the terms for ‘sword’ in Þul Sverða 1/8; see also Note to Eskál Vell 34/2^I. Sómr is also the name of a giant (see Þul Jǫtna I 3/7), but that heiti is not otherwise used in poetry.

skálgelmir ‘hollow-clanger’

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skálgelmir (noun m.): [hollow-clanger]

notes

[4] skálgelmir (m.) ‘hollow-clanger’: Or skalgelmir? Not attested elsewhere as a cpd. The first element of this cpd is most likely derived from skál f. ‘hollow, bowl’ (hence referring to the shape of a bow), while its second element is related to the strong verbs gala, gjalla ‘cry, make noise’ (see Note to Þul Jǫtna I 2/7; cf. gelmingr ‘clamourer’ and galmr ‘clanging one’ among the heiti for ‘sword’ in Þul Sverða 12/1, 2/5). As the second part of compounds, gelmir is frequently used in mythical names (cf. the giants’ names Aurgelmir, Þrúðgelmir and Bergelmir in Þul Jǫtna I 5/5, 2/7, 6/3; Hvergelmir in Grí 26/5, etc.). Alternatively, the first part of this heiti could have been derived from skáli m. ‘hall’ (skálgelmir ‘one that makes noise in the hall’, see SnE 1998, II, 389) or from skal n. ‘noise’ (skalgelmir ‘noise-shouter’?).