Þul Konunga 2III
Elena Gurevich (ed.) 2017, ‘Anonymous Þulur, Konunga heiti 2’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 689.
Hildingr ‘Warrior’
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hildingr (noun m.; °; -ar): king, ruler
[1] Hildingr: so B, hildingr ok A
harri ‘lord’
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1. harri (noun m.; °-a): lord
notes
[1] harri (m.) ‘lord’: According to AEW, harri is a loanword either from OE hearra or from MLG herre ‘lord’. Like the majority of other terms for ‘prince’ listed in this stanza, the word is used mostly in poetry (see Fritzner: harri; LP: harri). In Skm (SnE 1998, I, 101), Harri is mentioned among the names of the sons of Hálfdan gamli (see Introduction above).
ok ‘and’
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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
hertogi ‘army-leader’
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hertogi (noun m.): duke
[2] hertogi: ‘her[…]gi’ B, ‘hertugí’ 744ˣ
notes
[2] hertogi (m.) ‘army-leader’: The word originally meant ‘army-’ or ‘war-leader’ and is often used in this sense in poetry (cf. tyggi m. ‘chieftain’, st. 1/8 above). Owing to foreign influence, hertogi later became the Scandinavian honorific for ‘duke’ (< MLG hertoge, hertoch; see Notes to Sturl Hákkv 23/8II and Ólhv Hryn 5/8II).
mæringr ‘illustrious one’
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mæringr (noun m.): famous one
notes
[3] mæringr (m.) ‘illustrious one’: A characterising noun (with the suffix -ingr) from the adj. mærr ‘illustrious, famous’. See also mildingr ‘munificent one’ in l. 4 and Þul Manna 3/7.
hilmir ‘helmet-provider’
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hilmir (noun m.): prince, protector
notes
[3] hilmir (m.) ‘helmet-provider’: A common poetic term for ‘ruler’, which could be derived from hjálmr m. ‘helmet’ (< Proto Nordic *helmiaʀ; AEW: hilmir). It could also refer to a ruler who is a ‘helmet’ to his people, i.e. ‘protector’ (cf. OE helm ‘helm’ and helm ‘protector’, Beowulf 2008, 394). In Skm (SnE 1998, I, 101), Hilmir is a son of Hálfdan gamli (see Introduction above). See also Note to st. 3/3 below.
mildingr ‘munificent one’
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mildingr (noun m.; °-s): ruler, generous one
[4] mildingr: ‘m[…]lldinngr’ B, mildingr 744ˣ
notes
[4] mildingr (m.) ‘munificent one’: From the adj. mildr ‘generous, munificent’. See also mæringr ‘illustrious one’ in l. 3 above and Þul Manna 3/7.
ok ‘and’
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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
notes
[4] Nórr: Most likely identical with the name of the legendary king Nórr (see Nóri, Note to Þul Sækonunga 4/4), which could be a fairly late, speculative derivation from Nóregr ‘Norway’ (cf. ÍO: Nórr). As a heiti for ‘king’ in general, the word does not occur elsewhere.
lofðungr ‘descendant of Lofði’
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lofðungr (noun m.; °; -ar): king, leader
notes
[5] lofðungr (m.) ‘descendant of Lofði’: According to Skm (SnE 1998, I, 103) Lofði was a son of Hálfdan gamli (see Introduction above). Lofði is probably related to the weak verb lofa ‘praise’ and the noun lof n. ‘praise’ (see Note to Þul Manna 3/3).
niflungr ‘one of the Niflungar’
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Niflungr (noun m.; °; -ar): one of Niflungar
notes
[5] niflungr (m.) ‘one of the Niflungar’: A legendary family (MHG Nibelungen), the sons of the Burgundian king Gjúki. The sg. form, which must be a new formation from the pl. Niflungar, is attested only in eddic poetry; cf. geir-Niflungr ‘spear-Niflungr’ in Akv 25/2 (NK 244), where it refers to Gunnarr Gjúkason. In Vǫlsunga saga (Vǫls 1965, ch. 40, 73) it is used as a pers. n., Niflungr Hǫgnason. According to Skm (SnE 1998, I, 103), the Niflungar were the descendants of King Nefir, one of the sons of Hálfdan gamli (see Introduction above; cf. also Flat 1860-8, I, 25-6). As a common noun, niflungr is not attested elsewhere in skaldic poetry, but it appears frequently in the rímur (Finnur Jónsson 1926-8: niflungr). The provenance of the word is unsure and disputed.
ok ‘and’
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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
landreki ‘land-ruler’
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landreki (noun m.): land-ruler
þengill ‘chieftain’
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þengill (noun m.): prince, ruler
vísi ‘leader’
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vísi (noun m.; °-a): leader
notes
[7] vísi (m.) ‘leader’: An agent noun derived from the weak verb vísa ‘direct’ (cf. OHG wīso, OE wīsa ‘leader’). The later form of the word is vísir, and both forms are used only in poetry.
þjóðann ‘sovereign’
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þjóðann (noun m.): prince, sovereign
notes
[8] þjóðann (m.) ‘sovereign’: Lit. ‘ruler of a nation (þjóð)’. Cf. Goth. þiudans, OE ðeoden ‘lord’.
konungr ‘king’
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konungr (noun m.; °dat. -i, -s; -ar): king
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