Carolyne Larrington and Peter Robinson (eds) 2007, ‘Anonymous Poems, Sólarljóð 4’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 298.
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matr (noun m.; °-ar, dat. -i/-; -ir): food
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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
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drykkr (noun m.; °-jar/-ar(DN II (*1276apogr) 14³)/-s, dat. -/-i; -ir): drink
[1] drykk: drykkju papp15ˣ, 1441ˣ, 2797ˣ, drykkinn 167b 6ˣ
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2. inn (art.): the
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hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
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2. er (conj.): who, which, when
[2] er: so papp15ˣ, 738ˣ, 155aˣ, 167b 6ˣ, 1441ˣ, 10575ˣ, 2797ˣ, om. 166bˣ, 214ˣ
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móðr (adj.): weary
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
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allr (adj.): all
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af (prep.): from
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3. heill (adj.; °heilan; compar. heilli, superl. -astr/-str): healthy, hale, hail
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hugr (noun m.): mind, thought, courage
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1. guð (noun m.; °***guðrs, guðis, gus): (Christian) God
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hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
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4. gá (verb): to heed
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góðr (adj.): good
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hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
[5] honum: hann 1441ˣ
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2. beina (verb; °-nd-): help
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þvít (conj.): because, since
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hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
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2. hyggja (verb): think, consider
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váligr (adj.): dangerous, wicked
[6] váligr: so papp15ˣ, 1441ˣ, ‘vælligr’ 166bˣ, 738ˣ, 155aˣ, 214ˣ, ‘vælligr’ corrected from ‘væ’ 167b 6ˣ, ‘voligr’ 10575ˣ, 2797ˣ
[6] váligr ‘wicked’: The reading of papp15ˣ and 1441ˣ, explained by LP: forfærdelig, som man kan vænte noget slemt af ‘frightening, from whom one can expect something bad’. 166bˣ, 738ˣ, 155aˣ and 214ˣ have the otherwise unknown word ‘vælligr’. Björn M. Ólsen (1915, 27) argues that this is a form of værligr derived from værr ‘cheerful’, implying that the robber is intending to do good. Interpretation of l. 6 has been problematic: Skj B emends the verb to a negative (hugðit) and translates ti han trode ikke at han var svigfuld ‘for he did not think that he [the guest] was treacherous’. The present translation, following Falk (1914a, 3) and Fidjestøl (1979, 23), indicates that the robber has repented of his previous wickedness and now recognises the obligations of hospitality, though this will cost him his life in the next st. Njörður Njarðvík (1991, 185-6) notes a verbal similarity with Hsv 110/6 ok þykkiz válaðr vera ‘and thinks himself to be wretched’. Falk (1914a, 3) traces the thought that it is possible to atone for the sin of murder with one’s life to the Visio Gottschalchi, ch. 43 (Assmann 1979, 126-7). There however, murderers are warned that if their victim is Christian, they will not be freed from punishment before the Last Judgement, even though they repent of their sin.
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
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