Eskál Lv 2aI
Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.) 2012, ‘Einarr skálaglamm Helgason, Lausavísur 2a’ in Diana Whaley (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 1. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 332.
Sœkjum ‘Let us visit’
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sœkja (verb): seek, attack
jarl ‘the jarl’
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jarl (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): poet, earl
þanns ‘who’
[1] þanns auka: þann auki 453ˣ, 462ˣ
auki ‘’
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1. auka (verb; °eykr; jók, jóku/juku): (str. intrans.) increase
auka ‘to increase’
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1. auka (verb; °eykr; jók, jóku/juku): (str. intrans.) increase
[1] þanns auka: þann auki 453ˣ, 462ˣ
ulf ‘’
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1. ulfr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): wolf
kennings
verð ulfs‘the wolf’s food ’
= CORPSES
the wolf’s food → CORPSES
verðr ‘’
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1. verða (verb): become, be
kennings
verð ulfs‘the wolf’s food ’
= CORPSES
the wolf’s food → CORPSES
þar ‘’
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þar (adv.): there
sverði ‘’
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sverð (noun n.; °-s; -): sword
er ‘’
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2. er (conj.): who, which, when
sverðum ‘with swords’
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sverð (noun n.; °-s; -): sword
[2] þorir sverðum: þar er sverði 453ˣ, 462ˣ
skiptum ‘’
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skipta (verb): share, divide, exchange
skipum ‘’
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1. skipa (verb): change, place
hlaupum ‘’
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hlaupa (verb): leap, run
hlǫðum ‘let us load’
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2. hlaða (verb): heap, pile
[3] hlǫðum: hlaupum 510, skipum M, skiptum 453ˣ, 462ˣ
notes
[3]: Here M has the quite different skipum borðróinn barða ‘let us line (Sigvaldi’s) ship, rowed from the sides (with shields with bosses)’. Both versions are viable, as far as sense is concerned. M’s version is very similar to Bragi Þórr 4/1-2III Ok borðróins barða | brautar hringr inn ljóti ... ‘And the ugly ring of the road of the ship, rowed from the sides [SEA > = Miðgarðsormr] …’. The collocation of borðróinn ‘rowed from the side, side-rowed’ with barði ‘ship’ does not occur anywhere else in skaldic verse and both Lie (1952) and Olsen (1962a, 51-2) have considered Einarr (or whoever was responsible for the M text) deliberately echoed Bragi’s lines, Lie also comparing ll. 7-8 á andra Endils ‘on board the skis of Endill <sea-king> [SHIPS]’ with Bragi Þórr 2/3III á ǫndri Eynæfis ‘on the ski of Eynæfir <sea-king> [SHIP]’. Barði is frequently the name of a ship, rather than a common noun for ‘ship’, as it appears to be here (cf. Jesch 2001a, 136-7). Mss 453ˣ and 462ˣ have skiptum ‘let us divide, share out’, instead of M’s skipum ‘let us arrange, place in line’ (on the ship’s side).
vér ‘’
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vér (pron.; °gen. vár, dat./acc. oss): we, us, our
við ‘onto’
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2. við (prep.): with, against
[3] við borð á: vér borð á 7, borðróinn M, borðum 453ˣ, 462ˣ
notes
[3]: Here M has the quite different skipum borðróinn barða ‘let us line (Sigvaldi’s) ship, rowed from the sides (with shields with bosses)’. Both versions are viable, as far as sense is concerned. M’s version is very similar to Bragi Þórr 4/1-2III Ok borðróins barða | brautar hringr inn ljóti ... ‘And the ugly ring of the road of the ship, rowed from the sides [SEA > = Miðgarðsormr] …’. The collocation of borðróinn ‘rowed from the side, side-rowed’ with barði ‘ship’ does not occur anywhere else in skaldic verse and both Lie (1952) and Olsen (1962a, 51-2) have considered Einarr (or whoever was responsible for the M text) deliberately echoed Bragi’s lines, Lie also comparing ll. 7-8 á andra Endils ‘on board the skis of Endill <sea-king> [SHIPS]’ with Bragi Þórr 2/3III á ǫndri Eynæfis ‘on the ski of Eynæfir <sea-king> [SHIP]’. Barði is frequently the name of a ship, rather than a common noun for ‘ship’, as it appears to be here (cf. Jesch 2001a, 136-7). Mss 453ˣ and 462ˣ have skiptum ‘let us divide, share out’, instead of M’s skipum ‘let us arrange, place in line’ (on the ship’s side).
borðum ‘’
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borð (noun n.; °-s; -): side, plank, board; table
borðróinn ‘’
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borðróinn (adj.)
borð ‘the side’
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borð (noun n.; °-s; -): side, plank, board; table
[3] við borð á: vér borð á 7, borðróinn M, borðum 453ˣ, 462ˣ
notes
[3]: Here M has the quite different skipum borðróinn barða ‘let us line (Sigvaldi’s) ship, rowed from the sides (with shields with bosses)’. Both versions are viable, as far as sense is concerned. M’s version is very similar to Bragi Þórr 4/1-2III Ok borðróins barða | brautar hringr inn ljóti ... ‘And the ugly ring of the road of the ship, rowed from the sides [SEA > = Miðgarðsormr] …’. The collocation of borðróinn ‘rowed from the side, side-rowed’ with barði ‘ship’ does not occur anywhere else in skaldic verse and both Lie (1952) and Olsen (1962a, 51-2) have considered Einarr (or whoever was responsible for the M text) deliberately echoed Bragi’s lines, Lie also comparing ll. 7-8 á andra Endils ‘on board the skis of Endill <sea-king> [SHIPS]’ with Bragi Þórr 2/3III á ǫndri Eynæfis ‘on the ski of Eynæfir <sea-king> [SHIP]’. Barði is frequently the name of a ship, rather than a common noun for ‘ship’, as it appears to be here (cf. Jesch 2001a, 136-7). Mss 453ˣ and 462ˣ have skiptum ‘let us divide, share out’, instead of M’s skipum ‘let us arrange, place in line’ (on the ship’s side).
á ‘of’
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3. á (prep.): on, at
[3] við borð á: vér borð á 7, borðróinn M, borðum 453ˣ, 462ˣ
notes
[3]: Here M has the quite different skipum borðróinn barða ‘let us line (Sigvaldi’s) ship, rowed from the sides (with shields with bosses)’. Both versions are viable, as far as sense is concerned. M’s version is very similar to Bragi Þórr 4/1-2III Ok borðróins barða | brautar hringr inn ljóti ... ‘And the ugly ring of the road of the ship, rowed from the sides [SEA > = Miðgarðsormr] …’. The collocation of borðróinn ‘rowed from the side, side-rowed’ with barði ‘ship’ does not occur anywhere else in skaldic verse and both Lie (1952) and Olsen (1962a, 51-2) have considered Einarr (or whoever was responsible for the M text) deliberately echoed Bragi’s lines, Lie also comparing ll. 7-8 á andra Endils ‘on board the skis of Endill <sea-king> [SHIPS]’ with Bragi Þórr 2/3III á ǫndri Eynæfis ‘on the ski of Eynæfir <sea-king> [SHIP]’. Barði is frequently the name of a ship, rather than a common noun for ‘ship’, as it appears to be here (cf. Jesch 2001a, 136-7). Mss 453ˣ and 462ˣ have skiptum ‘let us divide, share out’, instead of M’s skipum ‘let us arrange, place in line’ (on the ship’s side).
barða ‘ship’
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barð (noun n.): prow, stern (of a ship)
notes
[3]: Here M has the quite different skipum borðróinn barða ‘let us line (Sigvaldi’s) ship, rowed from the sides (with shields with bosses)’. Both versions are viable, as far as sense is concerned. M’s version is very similar to Bragi Þórr 4/1-2III Ok borðróins barða | brautar hringr inn ljóti ... ‘And the ugly ring of the road of the ship, rowed from the sides [SEA > = Miðgarðsormr] …’. The collocation of borðróinn ‘rowed from the side, side-rowed’ with barði ‘ship’ does not occur anywhere else in skaldic verse and both Lie (1952) and Olsen (1962a, 51-2) have considered Einarr (or whoever was responsible for the M text) deliberately echoed Bragi’s lines, Lie also comparing ll. 7-8 á andra Endils ‘on board the skis of Endill <sea-king> [SHIPS]’ with Bragi Þórr 2/3III á ǫndri Eynæfis ‘on the ski of Eynæfir <sea-king> [SHIP]’. Barði is frequently the name of a ship, rather than a common noun for ‘ship’, as it appears to be here (cf. Jesch 2001a, 136-7). Mss 453ˣ and 462ˣ have skiptum ‘let us divide, share out’, instead of M’s skipum ‘let us arrange, place in line’ (on the ship’s side).
skjǫldum ‘ with bosses’
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skjǫldr (noun m.; °skjaldar/skildar, dat. skildi; skildir, acc. skjǫldu): shield < 1. baugskjǫldr (noun m.)
[4] ‑skjǫldum: mildum 510
Sig ‘Sig’
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sigr (noun m.; °sigrs/sigrar, dat. sigri; sigrar): victory < Sigvaldi (noun m.): Sigvaldi
drept ‘’
valda ‘valdi’s’
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1. valdi (noun m.): ruler < Sigvaldi (noun m.): Sigvaldi
er ‘’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
Drepr ‘push’
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drepa (verb; °drepr; drap, drápu; drepinn): kill, strike
[5] Drepr: drept 510
svá ‘’
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svá (adv.): so, thus
sá ‘That’
[5] sá: svá 7
kennings
Sá sveigir sárlinns‘That wielder of the wound-snake ’
= WARRIOR
the wound-snake → SWORD
That wielder of the SWORD → WARRIOR
sveigir ‘wielder’
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sveigir (noun m.): brandisher
[5] sveigir: so all others, ‘sv[...]gir’ 291
kennings
Sá sveigir sárlinns‘That wielder of the wound-snake ’
= WARRIOR
the wound-snake → SWORD
That wielder of the SWORD → WARRIOR
sár ‘of the wound’
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2. sár (noun n.; °-s; -): wound < sárlinnr (noun m.): [wound-snake]
kennings
Sá sveigir sárlinns‘That wielder of the wound-snake ’
= WARRIOR
the wound-snake → SWORD
That wielder of the SWORD → WARRIOR
sár ‘of the wound’
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2. sár (noun n.; °-s; -): wound < sárlinnr (noun m.): [wound-snake]
kennings
Sá sveigir sárlinns‘That wielder of the wound-snake ’
= WARRIOR
the wound-snake → SWORD
That wielder of the SWORD → WARRIOR
af ‘’
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af (prep.): from
linns ‘snake’
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linnr (noun m.): snake < sárlinnr (noun m.): [wound-snake]
kennings
Sá sveigir sárlinns‘That wielder of the wound-snake ’
= WARRIOR
the wound-snake → SWORD
That wielder of the SWORD → WARRIOR
linns ‘snake’
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linnr (noun m.): snake < sárlinnr (noun m.): [wound-snake]
kennings
Sá sveigir sárlinns‘That wielder of the wound-snake ’
= WARRIOR
the wound-snake → SWORD
That wielder of the SWORD → WARRIOR
grams ‘’
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1. gramr (noun m.): ruler
rand ‘’
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rǫnd (noun f.; °dat. -/-u; rendr/randir): shield, shield-rim
finnum ‘we [I] visit’
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2. finna (verb): find, meet
rǫnd ‘shields’
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rǫnd (noun f.; °dat. -/-u; rendr/randir): shield, shield-rim
[7] rǫnd: rand Flat
berum ‘let us carry’
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3. bera (verb; °berr; bar, báru; borinn): bear, carry
út ‘out’
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út (adv.): out(side)
á ‘aboard’
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3. á (prep.): on, at
endis ‘’
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endir (noun m.): [end]
andra ‘the skis’
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andr (noun m.; °; andrar): ski
kennings
andra Endils‘the skis of Endill’
= SHIPS
the skis of Endill → SHIPS
kennings
andra Endils‘the skis of Endill’
= SHIPS
the skis of Endill → SHIPS
meirr ‘’
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meirr (adv.): more
við ‘with’
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2. við (prep.): with, against
hendi ‘his hand’
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hǫnd (noun f.; °handar, dat. hendi; hendr (hendir StatPáll³ 752¹²)): hand
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
|
Sœkjum jarl, þanns auka |
Let us visit the jarl who dares to increase the wolf’s food [CORPSES] with swords; let us load shields with bosses onto the side of Sigvaldi’s ship. That wielder of the wound-snake [SWORD > WARRIOR] will not push me away with his hand, when we [I] visit the ruler; let us carry shields out aboard the skis of Endill <sea-king> [SHIPS]
See also Introduction, and Context to Lv 1a. In the 291 version of Jvs, after Einarr has spoken Lv 1a, he tests Hákon jarl by making as if to run from his ship. When he reaches the landing stage, he speaks this second stanza, directing it to Sigvaldi. Afterwards the jarl calls him back and secures Einarr’s loyalty with his gift of magically tinkling scales. In the A-redaction of Eg, by contrast, Lv 2bV (Eg 125) follows directly on Lv 1bV (Eg 124) with the prose link Ok enn kvað hann ‘And again he declared’. The C-redaction does not have Lv 1bV (Eg 124), so that the stanza’s reference to the rival patron, Sigvaldi, is unexplained.
This stanza is recorded in four mss of Jvs and in the C- as well as the A-redaction of Eg. — [7]: The line is identical to Þorm Lv 15/7V.
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