Heiti for women — Þul WomenIII
Anonymous ÞulurElena Gurevich 2017, ‘ Anonymous, Heiti for women’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 991. <https://skaldic.org/m.php?p=text&i=2986> (accessed 25 April 2024)
These two anonymous stanzas (Þul Women 1-2) are recorded in mss A and U of Skm (SnE). Although composed in a different metre (dróttkvætt), the stanzas are included in ms. A in the final section of the sequence of þulur composed in fornyrðislag. There Þul Women is preceded by Heiti valkyrja ‘Names of valkyries’ (see Þul Valkyrja) and followed by Heiti for islands (see Þul Islands; see also Introduction to the þulur). Thus, Þul Women 1-2 comes first in the group of þulur-like stanzas in dróttkvætt which appear towards the end of the þulur in ms. A (i.e. Þul Women, Þul Islands, ESk Lv 8-9 and Þul Waves). Þul Women is most likely a mnemonic skaldic exercise whose aim was to illustrate various heiti for ‘women’ contained in Þul Kvenna I. However, whereas the latter appears much earlier in the sequence, Þul Women 1-2 is preceded by two other þulur containing different heiti for female beings, Þul Valkyrja and Þul Kvenna II (on the unique content of the last þula see its Introduction). Hence it alludes to the first list of heiti for ‘women’, which is confirmed by the fact that in ms. A each of the three þulur devoted to ‘women’ are introduced with the same heading Kvenna heiti ókend ‘Women-names lacking a determinant’. In ms. U the stanzas in Þul Women are given in reverse order and the þula is inserted into a section dealing with kennings for ‘gold’. There they follow immediately upon the chapter that explains why gold is called haugþak Hǫlga ‘mound-roof of Hǫlgi’, with which their content shows no obvious relation. Both stanzas are composed in the áttmælt (‘eight-times spoken’) variant of dróttkvætt, in which each of the eight lines contains a separate utterance (see SnSt Ht 10 and Introduction to ESk Lv 8-9).
References
- Internal references
- Edith Marold 2017, ‘Snorra Edda (Prologue, Gylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál)’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols [check printed volume for citation].
- (forthcoming), ‘ Snorri Sturluson, Skáldskaparmál’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. . <https://skaldic.org/m.php?p=text&i=112> (accessed 25 April 2024)
- Elena Gurevich (ed.) 2017, ‘Anonymous Þulur, Heiti for women 1’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 992.
- Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2017, ‘Einarr Skúlason, Lausavísur 8’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 171.
- Elena Gurevich 2017, ‘ Anonymous, Heiti for islands’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 994. <https://skaldic.org/m.php?p=text&i=2987> (accessed 25 April 2024)
- Elena Gurevich 2017, ‘ Anonymous, Heiti for waves’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 996. <https://skaldic.org/m.php?p=text&i=2988> (accessed 25 April 2024)
- Elena Gurevich 2017, ‘ Anonymous, Kvenna heiti’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 772. <https://skaldic.org/m.php?p=text&i=3191> (accessed 25 April 2024)
- Elena Gurevich 2017, ‘ Anonymous, Kvenna heiti ókend’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 959. <https://skaldic.org/m.php?p=text&i=3242> (accessed 25 April 2024)
- Elena Gurevich 2017, ‘ Anonymous, Heiti valkyrja’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 968. <https://skaldic.org/m.php?p=text&i=3246> (accessed 25 April 2024)
- Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2017, ‘Snorri Sturluson, Háttatal 10’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 1115.
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