Referents
This site is in progress and should not be referenced in research publications.
(Proper name referents, as they appear in the published edition, excluding kennings with generic referents as well.)
- Adam1
- Agapitus and Theopistus1
- Andrew1
- Angrboða1
- Atli2
- Aunn1
- Áli Uppdalakappi1
- Ásgarðr1
- Ásmundr1
- Ástríðr1
- Baldr3
- Birgir Magnússon1
- Brynhildr2
- Búi1
- Byzantine emperor3
- Catherine1
- Christ43
- Christ/Óláfr1
- Denmark2
- Devil1
- Dómaldi1
- Dómarr1
- Edmund Ironside1
- Eilífr2
- Eiríkr17
- Eiríkr blóðøx1
- Eiríkssynir2
- England1
- Englishmen1
- Erlingr4
- Eysteinn, Sigurðr, Ingi1
- Fenja and Menja2
- Fenrir2
- Finnr1
- Freyja3
- Freyr2
- Frigg1
- Gandvík1
- Gefjun <goddess>1
- God535
- Grégóríus1
- Grjótúnagarðar1
- Gunnar and Hǫgni1
- Gutthormr1
- Hagbarðr2
- Hail Mary2
- Halldórr1
- Hamðir and Sǫrli3
- Haraldr20
- Haraldr gráfeldr1
- Haraldr hárfagri1
- Hákon21
- Hákon Grjótgarðsson1
- Hákon jarl4
- Hákon jarl?1
- Hálfdan2
- Heimdallr2
- Hel10
- Helgi2
- Henry IV1
- Hildr12
- Hjaðningar1
- Hnoss5
- Hœnir1
- Hordaland1
- Hrókr inn svarti2
- Hrólfr1
- Hrólfr kraki1
- Hrungnir1
- Iceland2
- Iðunn3
- Ingi and Sigurðr1
- Ingibjǫrg1
- Italy1
- Ívarr1
- Jews1
- John2
- Jǫrð22
- Jǫrð (jǫrð ‘earth’)4
- Jǫrmunrekkr1
- Jǫrundr1
- Jǫtunheimar ‘Giant-lands’1
- Jón1
- Kálfr2
- Ketill3
- Knútr13
- Knútr Sveinsson1
- Kráka/Áslaug1
- Lǫgmaðr2
- Loki18
- Magnús36
- Magnús and Óláfr1
- Mary101
- Maurice1
- Michael1
- Michael Kalaphates1
- Miðgarðsormr15
- Mjǫllnir2
- Moses1
- Nikulás Sveinsson1
- Norway4
- Ǫnundr1
- Ormr1
- Ǫrvar-Oddr1
- Óðinn41
- Óðinn, Hœnir and Loki1
- Óláfr64
- Óláfr > = Haraldr1
- Óláfr Haraldsson2
- Óláfr sœnski1
- Óláfr Tryggvason4
- Peter2
- Philip I1
- Ragnarr1
- Ragnarr loðbrók1
- Rán2
- Rǫgnvaldr5
- S. Óláfr1
- Shetland1
- Sigurðr10
- Sigurðr jarl1
- Sigurðr munnr1
- Sigurðr ormr-í-auga2
- Sigurðr slembidjákn1
- Sigvaldi1
- Sjælland2
- Skaði4
- Skjǫlf1
- Skopti1
- Skúli9
- Sól 1
- Starkaðr1
- Sveigðir1
- Sveinn10
- Sveinn Úlfsson1
- Svíar1
- Svína-Grímr1
- Swedish king4
- Swedish kings1
- Sæmundr1
- the dynasty of the Goths1
- the Ribbungar1
- Túta1
- Tyrfingr3
- Ullkell1
- Ullr1
- Vagn4
- Valhǫll6
- Ván
(ván ‘hope’)1 - Vetr1
- Vifill1
- Víðkunnr1
- Víkarr1
- William1
- Yggdrasill1
- Þjazi8
- Þjálfi1
- Þorfinnr7
- Þorfinnr Sigurðarson1
- Þorkell geysa1
- Þórðr1
- Þórir1
- Þórr54
- Þórr and his companion1
- Þórr and Þjálfi1
- Ægir1
- Æsir1
- Æthelred1
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Kenning referents
This page gives a list of kenning referents using Meissner’s categories (translated into English) and supplemented with some additional referents not used by Meissner. It excludes kennings with referents that are named beings or persons.
Clicking on an item in the list will give all published kennings under that category.