prýðir þjóða
‘the adorner of nations’ = HOLY MAN
the adorner of nations, → HOLY MAN
geymir guðspjalls
‘the guardian of the gospel’ = HOLY MAN
the guardian of the Gospel → HOLY MAN
smiðr lifnaðar
‘the smith of the [good] life’ = HOLY MAN = Dionysius
The smith of the [good] life → HOLY MAN = Dionysius
valdr náðar
‘the possessor of mercy’ = HOLY MAN = Dionysius
the possessor of mercy → HOLY MAN = Dionysius
stýrir Párísborgar
‘the ruler of Paris’ = BISHOP = Dionysius
The ruler of Paris → BISHOP = Dionysius
meistari klerka
‘the teacher of clerics’ = BISHOP
The teacher of clerics → BISHOP
unnari grams skjaldar himna
‘the lovers of the king of the shield of heaven’ = HOLY MEN
the shield of heaven → SUN
the king of the SUN → God
the lovers of GOD → HOLY MEN
þræll sonar Máríu
‘the servants of the son of Mary’ = CHRISTIAN PEOPLE
the son of Mary. → Christ
the servants of CHRIST → CHRISTIAN PEOPLE
árr ǫðlings hreins bœs heiðar
‘the envoys of the prince of the pure dwelling of the heath’ = APOSTLES
the pure dwelling of the heath → SKY/HEAVEN
the prince of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
The envoys of GOD → APOSTLES
þverrir svika
‘of the diminisher of falsehoods’ = VIRTUOUS RULER = Christ
the diminisher of falsehoods → VIRTUOUS RULER = Christ
fróðan stýrir mítra
‘the learned commander of mitres’ = BISHOP = Augustine
the learned commander of mitres: → BISHOP = Augustine
stýrir merkja
‘to the controller of symbols’ = BISHOP = Augustine
to the controller of symbols: → BISHOP = Augustine
göfugur gætir góðra klerka
‘the glorious guardian of good clerics’ = BISHOP = Augustine
the glorious guardian of good clerics; → BISHOP = Augustine
tíginn valdr presta*
‘the esteemed ruler of priests’ = BISHOP = Augustine
the esteemed ruler of priests → BISHOP = Augustine
gætir munka
‘the guardian of monks’ = BISHOP = Augustine
the guardian of monks. → BISHOP = Augustine
lærðan kennir líns
‘a learned tester of the maniple’ = PRIEST
a learned tester of the maniple, → PRIEST
‘sviptuðr siða
‘‘the remover of morals’ = NEGLIGENT PRIEST
‘The remover of morals → NEGLIGENT PRIEST
leynir lýta
‘the concealer of sins’ = NEGLIGENT PRIEST
the concealer of sins → NEGLIGENT PRIEST
tregbjóðr trúar
‘the slow-preacher of faith’ = NEGLIGENT PRIEST
the slow-preacher of faith → NEGLIGENT PRIEST
þverrandi háðs
‘diminishers of scorn’ = HOLY MEN
diminishers of scorn → HOLY MEN
lægir lasta
‘oppressor of vices’ = HOLY MAN
oppressor of vices, → HOLY MAN
mætr megnstœrir
‘the excellent increaser of strength’ = APOSTLE
the excellent increaser of strength → APOSTLE
sínum eflir víngarðs
‘to his strengthener of the vineyard’ = APOSTLE
to his strengthener of the vineyard; → APOSTLE
lundr manndýrða
‘the tree of human virtues’ = HOLY MAN = Peter
the tree of human virtues → HOLY MAN = Peter
skerðir dress
‘to the diminisher of arrogance’ = HOLY MAN
to the diminisher of arrogance; → HOLY MAN
flýtir himiríkis
‘the promoter of heaven’ = APOSTLE = Peter
The promoter of heaven → APOSTLE = Peter
hlœðir happa
‘the accumulator of blessings’ = HOLY MAN = Peter
the accumulator of blessings → HOLY MAN = Peter
háleitr veitir trúar
‘the sublime dispenser of faith’ = APOSTLE
The sublime dispenser of faith → APOSTLE
hjarðreki dróttins
‘of the shepherd of the lord’ = APOSTLE
the shepherd of the Lord; → APOSTLE
ástkennir
‘of the teacher of love’ = APOSTLE
the teacher of love → APOSTLE
mætr gætir kinnroða
‘the worthy possessor of shame’ = HOLY MAN
the worthy possessor of shame → HOLY MAN
hjǫlp meingis
‘the help of the multitude’ = APOSTLE
the help of the multitude → APOSTLE
tærir miskunnar
‘the giver of mercy’ = APOSTLE
the giver of mercy → APOSTLE
jafn hittir heiðrs
‘the righteous finder of glory’ = APOSTLE
the righteous finder of glory. → APOSTLE
brjótr lasta
‘the breaker of sins’ = APOSTLE
the breaker of sins → APOSTLE
stǫðvir stríða
‘the calmer of distress’ = HOLY MAN
The calmer of distress, → HOLY MAN
flugstyggum flýtir fremðar
‘for the flight-shy begetter of honour’ = HOLY MAN
for the flight-shy begetter of honour, → HOLY MAN
dýrðhittir
‘the acquirer of glory’ = HOLY MAN
The acquirer of glory → HOLY MAN
ást-vitjuðr
‘the seeker of love’ = HOLY MAN
The seeker of love → HOLY MAN
hǫtuðr ramms rógs rekka
‘the hater of the fierce strife of men’ = HOLY MAN
the fierce strife of men → SIN
the hater of the SIN → HOLY MAN
hegnir angrs
‘the suppressor of sin’ = HOLY MAN
the suppressor of sin; → HOLY MAN
þegn goðs
‘god’s retainer’ = HOLY MAN
God’s retainer → HOLY MAN
þegn goðs
‘god’s retainer’ = HOLY MAN
God’s retainer → HOLY MAN
þýðr prýðir lærdóms
‘the kindly adorner of learning’ = BISHOP
the kindly adorner of learning → BISHOP
ítr hnekkir angrs
‘the glorious subduer of sin’ = HOLY MAN
the glorious subduer of sin → HOLY MAN
framlyndum þverrir flærðar
‘to the brave diminisher of falsehood’ = HOLY MAN
to the brave diminisher of falsehood. → HOLY MAN
guðs riddari
‘god’s knight’ = SAINT = Óláfr
God’s knight → SAINT = Óláfr
guðs riddari
‘god’s knight’ = SAINT = Óláfr
God’s knight → SAINT = Óláfr
guðs riddari
‘god’s knight’ = SAINT = Óláfr
God’s knight → SAINT = Óláfr
guðs riddari
‘god’s knight’ = SAINT = Óláfr
God’s knight → SAINT = Óláfr
guðs riddari
‘god’s knight’ = SAINT = Óláfr
God’s knight → SAINT = Óláfr
limr Krists
‘the limb of Christ’ = SAINT = Óláfr
the limb of Christ. → SAINT = Óláfr
guðs riddari
‘god’s knight’ = SAINT = Óláfr
God’s knight → SAINT = Óláfr
guðs riddari
‘god’s knight’ = SAINT = Óláfr
God’s knight → SAINT = Óláfr
harmskerðandi
‘of the harm-diminisher’ = SAINT = Óláfr
the harm-diminisher, → SAINT = Óláfr
guðs riddari
‘god’s knight’ = SAINT = Óláfr
God’s knight → SAINT = Óláfr
guðs riddari
‘god’s knight’ = SAINT = Óláfr
God’s knight → SAINT = Óláfr
hirð dǫglings ǫðlinga
‘the cohort of the prince of princes’ = THE BLESSED
the prince of princes → God
the cohort of GOD → THE BLESSED
þjónn mildings angrfyldrar aldar
‘the servant of the king of sinful humankind’ = PRIEST = Ríkarðr
the king of sinful humankind → God
The servant of GOD → PRIEST = Ríkarðr
guðs þræll
‘god’s servant’ = PRIEST
God’s servant → PRIEST
dyggr váttr dýrðar
‘the valiant witness of glory’ = MARTYR
The valiant witness of glory → MARTYR
vinr lausnara
‘the friend of the saviour’ = SAINT
the friend of the Saviour, → SAINT
hraustr fárskerðandi fyrða
‘the valiant misfortune-diminisher of men’ = SAINT
the valiant misfortune-diminisher of men → SAINT
himna salkonungs ítrum limr
‘the bright limb of the hall-king of the heavens’ = SAINT = Óláfr
the hall of the heavens; → SKY/HEAVEN
the king of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
the bright limb of GOD → SAINT = Óláfr
yfirmaðr allrar alþýðu lærðra
‘the superior of the whole multitude of learned men’ = BISHOP
the whole multitude of learned men — → CLERICS
the superior of CLERICS → BISHOP
allrar alþýða lærðra
‘of the whole multitude of learned men’ = CLERICS
the whole multitude of learned men — → CLERICS
firar dróttins
‘of the men of the lord’ = CHRISTIAN PEOPLE
the men of the Lord → CHRISTIAN PEOPLE
ástvinr dróttins ýta
‘the dear friends of the lord of men’ = SAINTS
the lord of men; → God
the dear friends of GOD → SAINTS
aldrprýðir lýða
‘the adorner of the lives of men’ = SAINT = Peter
the adorner of the lives of men [lit. life-adorner of men] → SAINT = Peter
ráðeflandi liðs rekka
‘counsel-provider of the troop of men’ = APOSTLE
the troop of men, → MANKIND
Counsel-provider of the MANKIND → APOSTLE
sættir drengja
‘for the reconciler of valiant men’ = HOLY MAN = John
for the reconciler of valiant men → HOLY MAN = John
happskeytr angrfellir
‘lucky-shooting sorrow-feller’ = APOSTLE
Lucky-shooting sorrow-feller, → APOSTLE
snjallr svikbannandi
‘courageous one, you who bans falsity’ = APOSTLE
Courageous one, you who bans falsity, → APOSTLE
þeim hreinum geymir guðdóms
‘to that pure guardian of divinity’ = APOSTLE
to that pure guardian of divinity, → APOSTLE
kennir krossmarks
‘the knower of the sign of the cross’ = HOLY MAN
The knower of the sign of the cross → HOLY MAN
vel vitr bœtir vansa
‘the amply wise amender of disgrace’ = BISHOP
the amply wise amender of disgrace → BISHOP
hilmir hófs
‘of the prince of moderation’ = VIRTUOUS RULER = Christ
the prince of moderation. → VIRTUOUS RULER = Christ
eyðir ilsku
‘the destroyer of wickedness’ = APOSTLE
the destroyer of wickedness; → APOSTLE
hirðmaðr Krists
‘to the retainer of Christ’ = APOSTLE = Peter
to the retainer of Christ → APOSTLE = Peter
prýðir lista
‘an adorner of virtues’ = HOLY MAN
an adorner of virtues. → HOLY MAN
þenna siðspennir
‘this virtue-clasper’ = APOSTLE
this virtue-clasper → APOSTLE
flýtir friðbragða
‘the advancer of acts of kindness’ = HOLY MAN
the advancer of acts of kindness → HOLY MAN
fellir ljóna flærðar
‘the destroyer of men’s falsehood’ = HOLY MAN
The destroyer of men’s falsehood → HOLY MAN
harmtvistr hnekkir heiptar
‘the sorrow-muted subduer of wrath’ = HOLY MAN
the sorrow-muted subduer of wrath → HOLY MAN
váttr dýrðar
‘the witness of glory’ = MARTYR
the witness of glory → MARTYR
guðs riddari
‘god’s knight’ = SAINT = Óláfr
God’s knight → SAINT = Óláfr
stýrir kristni
‘the leader of christianity’ = CARDINAL
The leader of Christianity → CARDINAL
góðum árr goðs
‘the good emissary of god’ = MISSIONARY
the good emissary of God. → MISSIONARY
‘hǫtuðr sverðéls
‘‘the hater of the sword-storm’ = HOLY MAN
the sword-storm → BATTLE
‘The hater of the BATTLE → HOLY MAN
gætir bjǫllu
‘the guardian of the bell’ = PRIEST = Þangbrandr
the guardian of the bell; → PRIEST = Þangbrandr
reginnagli máls bóka
‘the sacred nail of the language of books’ = SAINT = Óláfr
the language of books. → LATIN
the sacred nail of the LATIN → SAINT = Óláfr
This view lists all kennings with the selected referent. It analyses extended kennings to show the stages by which one arrives at the particular referent; these may form part of larger kennings but this is not shown here.
For more information on a particular kenning, select the stanza in which it occurs and click on the kenning in the interactive text to see the full analysis of the kenning.