Anonymous Poems (Anon)
Kviðuháttr verses in praise of a Norwegian ruler (TGT 3) - 0
Málaháttr verses in praise of a Christian ruler (TGT 4) - 0
Stanzas from TGT put together by FJ (1) (TGT FJ 1) - 0
Verses about a battle (?Stiklarstaðir) (TGT 1) - 0
Verses about a woman (TGT 2) - 0
I. Flokkr about Sveinn Álfífuson (Sveinfl) - 1
I. Oddmjór (Oddm) - 1
I. 1. Eiríksmál (Eirm) - 9
I. 2. Liðsmannaflokkr (Liðs) - 10
I. 3. Óláfs drápa Tryggvasonar (Óldr) - 28
I. 4. Poem about Óláfr Tryggvason (Ól) - 7
II. 1. Haraldsstikki (Harst) - 1
II. 2. Nóregs konungatal (Nkt) - 85
II. 3. Poem about Magnús lagabœtir (Mlag) - 3
III. Málsháttakvæði (Mhkv) - 30
III. Máríuflokkr (Mfl) - 2
III. Poem about the Phoenix (Phoenix) - 1
III. 1. Bjarkamál in fornu (Bjark) - 7
III. 1. Bjúgar vísur (Bjúgvís) - 1
III. 1. Gnóðar-Ásmundar drápa (GnóðÁsm) - 1
III. 1. Nikulásdrápa (Nikdr) - 3
III. 2. Gátur (Gát) - 4
III. 2. Hafliðamál (Hafl) - 1
III. 2. Morginsól (Morg) - 1
III. 3. Kúgadrápa (Kúgdr) - 1
III. 3. Stríðkeravísur (Stríðk) - 1
IV. Bárðardrápa (Bárðdr) - 1
IV. Hafgerðingadrápa (Hafg) - 2
IV. Stanzas possibly attributable to Snorri Sturluson (SnSt) - 2
V. Darraðarljóð (Darr) - 11
V. Grettisfærsla (Grf) - 26
VII. Allra postula minnisvísur (Alpost) - 13
VII. Andréasdrápa (Andr) - 4
VII. Brúðkaupsvísur (Brúðv) - 33
VII. Drápa af Máríugrát (Mgr) - 52
VII. Gyðingsvísur (Gyð) - 10
VII. Heilagra manna drápa (Heil) - 26
VII. Heilagra meyja drápa (Mey) - 60
VII. Heilags anda drápa (Heildr) - 18
VII. Hugsvinnsmál (Hsv) - 151
VII. Lausavísa on Lawgiving (Law) - 1
VII. Leiðarvísan (Leið) - 45
VII. Lilja (Lil) - 100
VII. Líknarbraut (Líkn) - 52
VII. Máríudrápa (Mdr) - 43
VII. Máríuvísur I (Mv I) - 29
VII. Máríuvísur II (Mv II) - 24
VII. Máríuvísur III (Mv III) - 30
VII. Pétrsdrápa (Pét) - 54
VII. Plácitusdrápa (Pl) - 59
VII. Sólarljóð (Sól) - 83
VII. Stanzas Addressed to Fellow Ecclesiastics (Eccl) - 2
VII. Vitnisvísur af Máríu (Vitn) - 26
VIII. Krákumál (Krm) - 29
VIII. Sǫrlastikki (Sǫrl) - 1
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Sólarljóð (‘Song of the Sun’)
—
Anon SólVII
Carolyne Larrington and Peter Robinson 2007, ‘ Anonymous, Sólarljóð’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 287-357. <https://skaldic.org/m.php?p=text&i=1041> (accessed 17 May 2022)
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Skj: Anonyme digte og vers [XII]: G [6]. Sólarljóð, digt fra det 12. årh. (AI, 628-40, BI, 635-48)
SkP info: VII, 334-5 |
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| 55 — Anon Sól 55VII
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Cite as: Carolyne Larrington and Peter Robinson (eds) 2007, ‘Anonymous Poems, Sólarljóð 55’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 334-5. Sólar hjört leit ek sunnan fara;
hann teymðu tveir saman;
fætr hans |
stóðu foldu á,
en tóku horn til himins. |
Ek leit hjört sólar fara sunnan; tveir saman teymðu hann; fætr hans stóðu á foldu, en horn tóku til himins.
I saw the hart of the sun journey from the south; two together had bridled him; his feet stood on the earth, and his horns reached to heaven.
Mss: 166bˣ(47v), papp15ˣ(5v), 738ˣ(82v), 214ˣ(151r-v), 1441ˣ(585), 10575ˣ(8r), 2797ˣ(235)
Readings: [6] tóku: toki 10575ˣ
Editions: Skj: Anonyme digte og vers [XII], G [6]. Sólarljóð 55: AI, 636, BI, 644, Skald I, 313; Bugge 1867, 366, Falk 1914, 32, Björn M. Ólsen 1915, 17-18, Fidjestøl 1979, 67, Njörður Njarðvík 1991, 84-5, Njörður Njarðvík 1993, 61, 130.
Notes: [1] hjört sólar ‘the hart of the sun’: In Christian iconography the hart is a symbol of Christ. This significance was well known in Iceland from an early date, witness the Icel. Physiologus (Halldór Hermannsson 1938, 20) and the legend of S. Eustace/Plácitus, available in Icel. translation and poetry from at least the late C12th. See further Introduction to Anon Pl and Note to Pl 7/7-8. A hjartarhorn ‘hart’s horn’, most likely signifying Christ’s Cross, is mentioned in 78/4. The hart is also a symbol of nobility in eddic poetry, cf. HHund II 38 where Helgi is compared to an animal whose horn glóa við himinn siálfan ‘horns glow up to the very sky’, as also Guðr II 2/5. The image, like many others in the poem, clearly partakes both of Christian and indigenous mythological associations; see Amory (1985, especially 9-12 and 1990, 258-60). — [2] sunnan ‘from the south’:
cf. vestan ‘from the west’
in 54/1 and norðan ‘from the north’ in 56/1. Different cardinal
directions are normally associated with good and evil in both pagan and
Christian thinking; see Tate (1985, 1030-1) who notes that the south and north
are respectively associated with the positive and the negative in both
Christian and pagan lore. The east is the home of giants in Norse myth,
however, while the east is sacred for Christians. Evil can come from the west
for Christians, hence the western origin of the vánardreki in 54/1. — [3] tveir saman teymðu hann ‘two together had bridled him’: The two are usually thought to be the other persons of the Trinity (so Falk). Björn M. Ólsen (1915, 52) argues that Christ (hann) is the subject of the cl., that the m. nom. tveir ‘two’ may be a misunderstanding of the roman numeral ii (= tvá, m. acc.) in the original ms., and that the hart is driving Glævaldr and the vánardreki before him. He therefore emends teymðu 3rd pers. pl. pret. to teymði 3rd pers. sg. pret. Amory (1990, 260) identifies the two with the prophets Isaiah and Daniel, released from Hell at the Harrowing, or with the two alleged authors of the Gospel of Nicodemus (Niðrst1). — [4-6] fætr hans stóðu á foldu, en horn tóku til himins ‘his feet stood on the earth, and his horns reached to heaven’: Cf. Isa. LXVI.1 caelum sedis mea et terra
scabillum pedum meorum ‘heaven is my throne and
the earth my footstool’.
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